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11th Generation - Chief Moytoy & Unknown - George & Elizabeth Duck Harlan - Richard Bobbington Buffington & Ann Buffington - Robert & Frances Hicks

Chief Moytoy (Tame Doe’s Father) ******************************************************************************** DATE OF BIRTH: 1650 LOCATION OF BIRTH: UNITED IN MARRIAGE TO: LOCATION OF MARRIAGE: DATE OF MARRIAGE: DEPARTED THIS LIFE ON: 1774 LOCATION OF DEATH: During a Battle LAID TO REST: AGE AT DEATH: ******************************************************************************** DATE OF BIRTH: LOCATION OF BIRTH: DEPARTED THIS LIFE ON: LOCATION OF DEATH: LAID TO REST: AGE AT DEATH: CHILDREN BORN TO THIS UNION: MOYTOY Descendants of Moytoy Generation No. 1 1. MOYTOY2 (UNK1) was born 1650, and died c 1774. Notes: Moytoy, Supreme Chief of the Cherokee 1730 -- 1760. b. d. Children of Moytoy are: 1. ATTACULLACULLA3, b c 1682-1733; d c 1698-1810. 2. OCONOSTOTA. 3. GREAT EAGLE. 4. SKALILOSKEN. 5. OUNACONOA. 6. KOLLANNAH. 7. OUKAH. 8. TATHTOWE. 9. CLOGOITTAH. 10. TAME DOE, b. 1700. 11. WOLLENAWOA. Generation No. 2 2. ATTACULLACULLA3 (MOYTOY2, UNK1) was born c 1682-1733, and died c 1698-1810. He married UNKNOWN. Notes: Attacullaculla's name was also spelled Attakullaculla and he was known also as Ukwaneequa or Chuconnunta.
The English translation of his name was Little Carpenter. In 1735 he with a small group of other Cherokees, went to visit London.
He was actually a rather small man, not much over 5 feet. Most of the modern American History books contain the name of this man as having fought with the Americans in the American Revolution.
His son, Dragging Canoe fought on the side of the British, the Chickamagua Cherokees. Nancy and Attacullaculla were known as Peace Chiefs.
During times of Peace the Chiefs wore white.
The war council was composed of additional chiefs and only sat on the council during times of war.
During times of war the chiefs wore Red.
Thus the color white symbolized peace and the color red symbolized war. Attakullaculla, Supreme Chief of the Cherokee 1760 --1775. b d. Attakullaculla or Little Carpenter, was 'Civil' or 'White' Chief, and lived in Chota.
In 1735 he was taken , along with a small group of other Cherokees, to visit London.
The Indians delighted the English residents and had their own eyes broadly opened to the attributes and strengths of white civilization.
When they returned home, the English traders and officials made the most of this and over the next twenty years carefully cultivated the Cherokees by offering to help whenever the Cherokees needed it.
Attakullaculla was especially responsive and in 1757 he would be instrumental in persuading the Governor of South Carolina to construct Fort London to strengthen England's control over the area and to encourage more trade between the Cherokee and the Eastern coastal towns.
In addition, the Chief invited at this time several more traders to set up headquarters in Chota and to take Cherokee wives. Little is known of Attacullaculla's immediate family.
His wife appears only rarely in the documentary record.
In 1758 Attakullaculla wrote Littleton, "I desire that you would send me a cloak for my wife," and once he tried to exchange two prisoners for two Negro slaves to help her.
In November, 1774 she accompanied him to North Carolina.
In Bethabara husband and wife listened to the peal of the organ.
He had heard many organs but she insisted that the lid be removed for she feared a child was trapped inside.
In a letter dated 1766 she is mentioned, but nothing more.
(Journal of Cherokee Studies, Vol. III, No. 1, Winter, 1978 p. 27) Attakullaculla, he was one of the few Cherokee leaders who depended not on words but on actions to secure a following.
He commanded respect because of his courage and fighting ability, which he ably demonstrated in 1755 by netting five French prisoners in an expedition to the Illinois-Wabash region, and by leading the unprecedented number of five hundred warriors to a decisive victory at Taliwa over the creeks, who were compelled to vacate northern Georgia.
(Supra, Journal of Cherokee Studies.) Children of Attacullaculla and Unknown are: i. DRAGGING CANOE. ii. THE BADGER. iii. LITTLE OWL. iv. TURTLE-AT-HOME. 3. GREAT3 EAGLE (MOYTOY2, UNK1). He married UNKNOWN. Notes Great Eagle's Cherokee name was Willenawah. Children of Great Eagle and Unknown are: i. OLD4 TASSEL. ii. WORTH. iii. DOUBLEHEAD. 4. TAME3 DOE (MOYTOY2, UNK1) was born 1700. She married SKAYAGUSTUEGWO 1728 in Cherokee Nation East. Notes: Some say she was the granddaughter of Moytoy, that her mother was the second daughter of Chief Moytoy. Marriage Notes: The Cherokees did not marry as we think of it today. Children of Tame Doe and Skayagustuegwo are: i. LONG4 FELLOW, b. 1726; d c 1836. 7. ii. NANCY WARD, b. 1728, Chota, City of Refuge; d. 1822, Womankiller Ford, Benton, Tennessee. Generation No. 3 5. OLD4 TASSEL (GREAT3 EAGLE, MOYTOY2, UNK1). He married UNKNOWN. Notes Old Tassel's Cherokee name was Kaiyah.tahee Child of Old Tassel and Unknown is: i. YOUNG5 TASSEL. 6. WURTEH4 (GREAT3 EAGLE, MOYTOY2, UNK1). She married NATHANIEL GIST. Child of Wurteh and Nathaniel Gist is: i. SEQUOYAH5. 7. NANCY4 WARD (TAME3 DOE, MOYTOY2, UNK1) was born 1728 in Chota, City of Refuge, and died 1822 in Womankiller Ford, Benton, Tennesee10.
She married (1) KINGFISHER abt 1753 in Chota.
She married (2) BRYAN WARD September 18, 1756. Children of Nancy Ward and Kingfisher are: i. FIVEKILLER5 KINGFISHER, b. Abt 1754, CNE; m. CATHERINE. He had no known children 8. ii. CATHERINE KINGFISHER, b. 1753, CNE; d. 1817, CNE. Child of Nancy Ward and Bryan Ward is: 9. iii. ELIZABETH5 WARD, b c 1756-1779; d c 1787-1863. Generation No. 4 8. CATHERINE5 KINGFISHER (NANCY4 WARD, TAME3 DOE, MOYTOY2, UNK1) was born 1753 in CNE, and died 1817 in CNE.
She married (1) SAMUEL CANDY, SR.
She married (2) JOHN WALKER.
She married (3) ELLIS HARLAN abt 1765 in CNE, son of Ezekiel Harlan and Hannah Oborn. Child of Catherine Kingfisher and Samuel Candy is: i. SAMUEL6 CANDY,JR., b c 1751-1774; d c 1756-1855; m. ELIZABETH WEST. Children of Catherine Kingfisher and John Walker are: ii. JOHN6 WALKER, JR.15, d. c 1756-1855; m. ELIZABETH SEVIER LOWREY. iii. JENNIE WALKER, d. c 1756-1858; m. (1) CHARLES FOX TAYLOR; m. (2) JOHN MCINTOSH. Children of Catherine Kingfisher and Ellis Harlan are: iv. SALLIE6 HARLAN, d. c 1782-1861; m. JACOB WEST, b c 1782-1817. v. RUTH HARLAN, d. c 1782-1861; m. JOSEPH PHILLIPS, b c 1782-1817. vi. GEORGE HARLAN, m. (1) NANNIE SANDERS; m. (2) ANNIE MAY; m. (3) ELIZA RILEY. vii. SUSANNAH HARLAN, m. OTTERLIFTER. viii. NANNIE HARLAN, b. 1765; d. 1841; m. CALEB STARR, Abt 1780, CNE. ix. ELIZABETH HARLAN, b. August 15, 1778; d. December 19, 1826; m. (1) PETER HILDEBRAND; m. (2) PETER HILDEBRAND, c 1782-1817. x. EZEKIEL HARLAN, b. Abt 1789, CNE, McMinn, TN; d. Abt 1821, Cherokee Nation, West, TN; m. HANNAH LEWIS, Abt 1804, CNE, GA or TN. 9. ELIZABETH5 WARD (NANCY4, TAME3 DOE, MOYTOY2, UNK1) was born c 1756-1779, and died c 1787-1863.
She married (1) JOSEPH MARTIN, son of Joseph Martin and Susannah Childs.
She married (2) DANIEL HUGHES.
She married (3) JOSEPH MARTIN c 1787-1866. Notes: on Emigration Roll 1817 Children of Elizabeth Ward and Joseph Martin are: i. JAMES6 MARTIN. ii. NANNIE MARTIN, m. MICHAEL HILDEBRAND. Child of Elizabeth Ward and Daniel Hughes is: iii. RACHEL6 HUGHES, m. CHARLES ROGERS. Endnotes 1. Brøderbund WFT Vol. 2, Ed. 1, Tree #2009, Date of Import: Aug 8, 1996 2. There are far to many descendants of Nancy Ward for space to allow inclusion of all. TENNESSEE: A GUIDE TO THE STATE Historic Indians The first Indians encountered by Europeans in Tennessee belonged to two great linguistic groups - the Muskhogean and the Iroquoian.
The Koasati, a tribe identified with the Creeks, were in the southeastern region through which Hernando De Soto's Spaniards pushed on their futile search for treasure in 1541.
The Cherokee, a detached Iroquoian tribe, lived on the upper reaches of the Tennessee River, claiming all the central and eastern portions of the present State as their hunting ground.
Some authorities contend that De Soto passed through the southernmost towns of the Cherokee during his march to the Mississippi. The Muskhogean still occupied the Tennessee Valley in the seventeenth century, but they later migrated south and joined the main Creek Nation.
Early French maps gave the name of "Cusatee" or "Kasquinombo" to the Tennessee River and located the Cusatee or Kasquinompa Indians near the present site of Chattanooga and the Cherokee on the headwaters of the river. West Tennessee was the domain of the Chickasaw - another Muskhogean tribe - whose main villages were in northern Mississippi.
It was doubtless to this tribe that De Soto's aide referred when he stated that "they presented the Governor (De Soto) 150 conies (rabbits), with the clothing of the country, such as shawls and skins."
The Chisca, also mentioned in the De Soto narratives, were a small Algonkian tribe living on the Cumberland Plateau. A century and a half after De Soto's explorations the English, entering Tennessee from the east, and the French, coming down the Mississippi, found the Chickasaw and Cherokee occupying substantially the same sites where the first explorers had found them.
The Shawnee, late comers, lived along the lower Cumberland Valley, in an area claimed not only by the Chickasaw and the Cherokee, but also by the powerful Iroquois Confederacy of New York. Land trails and waterways formed the Indians' system of communication and transportation.
The dugout canoe, hollowed and shaped from a single tree by means of fire and stone adzes, was the craft used by all the tribes of Tennessee.
Bark canoes were rare, although a few were occasionally obtained through trade with the northern tribes.
Besides numerous footpaths of their own making, the Indians incorporated into their system the wide, hard-packed trails trodden by the wood bison, leading to every corner of the wilderness.
Beginning in the Creek country of Alabama and Georgia, the Great Indian Warpath entered Tennessee near Chattanooga and followed the Great Valley of East Tennessee northward.
Over this well-worn trail, on missions of peace and war, came the Creek, Cherokee, and Chickasaw from the south and the Iroquois and Algonkians from the north.
Another famous Indian trail was the Natchez Trace, running from near the vicinity of present Nashville to the towns in Mississippi. The Chickasaw and the Cherokee were typical southeastern village tribes.
They raised large crops of vegetables and tobacco in small gardens and in village farms that were owned in common.
Indian corn or maize was the leading crop, and the Green Corn Dance or "Busk" was a yearly festival.
In April and May strawberries were gathered in the open prairies along the stream banks, and in summer great quantities of blackberries on the hillsides.
When autumn came stores of hickory nuts, walnuts, and pecans were laid by for winter use, one family often having more than a hundred bushels of hickory nuts.
Huckleberries, wild plums, persimmons, wild grapes, and muscadines were gathered and preserved; many wild plants and roots were also utilized for food.
The forest supplied the Indians with meat of many varieties - turkey, deer, bear, buffalo, and small game.
The streams abounded in fish and mussels. Before the arrival of the whites, the Indians had no domestic animals except the dog.
By the middle of the eighteenth century, however, the Cherokee and Chickasaw had obtained horses, swine, and chickens from the English settlers and were raising livestock in considerable numbers.
The most common type of Indian house was circular or rectangular; it was built of thick posts set upright in the ground with smaller posts between, all bound together with split cane or switches and plastered with clay.
Strips of bark and thatched grass were used to cover the roof; hard packed ground or clay formed the floor.
A raised hearth in the center contained the cooking fire, and above it, in the roof, was the smoke hole.
"Hot houses" for winter were made of heavy timbers, plastered with clay.
Every village had its town house, in which the priests performed sacred ceremonies and the chiefs held their councils.
Here the braves gathered to drink a tea of herbs called the "black drink" before taking the war trail.
The town house was big enough to hold several hundred persons, and the whole village often met there for entertainment and dances.
Early explorers, describing the Cherokee council houses, spoke of them as resembling sugar loaves - circular in shape with rounded tops. From stone, wood, shell, and bone the Indians skillfully contrived the necessary household utensils and the implements used in war, hunting and fishing.
Beautifully ornamented pottery, wooden bowls, and spoons and saucers made from shell have been found on various sites.
The fisherman was provided with basketry traps, weirs, nets, spears, bone hooks and harpoon-like arrows; the hunter, with long flat bows, arrows of both wood and cane - some with fire-hardened tips and others with points of stone, bone, or antler - and blow-guns of cane or of grooved pieces of wood bound together.
Stone axes and knives and scimitar-shaped hardwood clubs were the weapons of the warrior. After the advent of white traders in the latter half of the seventeenth century, many of these implements and utensils were replaced in whole or in part with European trade goods.
As early as 1673 many of the Indians had guns, axes, hoes, knives, metal arrow points, glass beads, and double glass bottles in which they kept their powder. Widespread among the tribes was the game of "ball play", from which lacrosse is derived.
Another game enjoyed in some form by all the southern Indians was "chungke," played with round stones (called "chunky" stones) and smooth sticks. In summer the Indian men wore only deerskin breechcloths and moccasins, but in cold weather they added shirts made of skin, robes of fur, and fringed leather leggings that reached from thigh to ankle.
More decorative garments were the feather robes and the mantles woven from various fibers and from the hair of buffalo and opossum.
The women wore short deerskin skirts and covered their shoulders with fur shawls in winter. Various dyes were used, but black and vermilion were the favorite colors for clothing and blankets. John Wesley recorded an interview with a young Chickasaw chief in which the Indian told him that his people believed in four beloved things above: the clouds, the sun, the clear sky, and He that lives in the clear sky.
The Great Spirit, the creator of all things, was called by the Chickasaw "The Beloved One Who Dwelleth in the Blue Sky," and by the Cherokee "The Great Man Above."
Each warrior had his own guardian spirit or totem.
The sun, the thunder, and the four winds were powerful gods of the upper air, and certain animals were thought to possess magical powers.
Medicine men or priests combined sorcery with healing practices.
Tobacco was used in religious ceremonies, and the spirit of the corn was honored by special religious rites.
To a great extent the Indians were fatalists, accepting death as a matter of course and submitting to events without complaint; sometimes, it is recorded, they sang at the approach of death by torture. The Chickasaw were the foremost warriors of the South.
Compared to neighboring nations they were small in numbers, but so warlike and so well organized that no tribe or combination of tribes was able to withstand their attacks.
With the Chickasaw, as with most American Indian tribes, descent was in the female line.
Within the nation were subdivisions or phratries, which in turn were composed of clans or gentes.
No marriage took place between individuals of the same clan. The tribe was governed by chiefs or headmen, whose personal endowments entitled them to leadership. Quite distinct from the Chickasaw racially and yet similar in many ways were the Cherokee, one of the largest of the southern tribes.
Their legends tell of migration southward from the region of Lake Erie, but they had dug themselves deeply into their historic sites when first encountered by white men.
In colonial times the Cherokee territory was divided into three parts or settlements: Towns in the northwestern corner of South Carolina and the neighboring portions of Georgia; the Middle Towns in the southwestern North Carolina; and the Upper Towns (known as the Overhill Towns because they were across the mountains from the Carolina Colonies) along the Little Tennessee and Tellico Rivers.
This area contained important villages, among them the capital of the Cherokee Nation, Chota (Echota), some thirty miles south of the present Knoxville.
Chota was a "white" or peace town where bloodshed was forbidden.
Cherokee government was democratic, with a leading man acting as head chief or "emperor" of the whole nation.
Honorary titles could be earned by warriors who were brave in battle and wise in council.
Men too old to fight and women who were very wise were given the name of "Beloved."
Among the Cherokee the women had their own council, composed of the leading women of each clan, with the Beloved Woman of the Nation at its head. Ensign Henry Timberlake, a young British officer who went among the Cherokee on a good will mission in 1761, described the Cherokee as "of middle stature, of an olive color, tho' generally painted, and their skins stained with gunpowder, pricked into very pretty figures.
The hair of their head is shaved, tho' many of the old people have it plucked out by the roots, except a patch on the hinder part of the head, about twice the bigness of a crownpiece, which is ornamented with beads, feathers, wampum, stained deer's hair, and such like baubles." Entirely different from the Cherokee and Chickasaw were the Shawnee of the Cumberland Valley.
A wandering tribe of the far-flung Algonkian stock, these people seem to have migrated into the Cumberland Valley just prior to the beginning of the eighteenth century.
In customs and language they were typically Algonkian, although they had evidently acquired some of the cultural traits of their southern neighbors. The presence of the Shawnee in the Cumberland Valley was resented by both the Cherokee and the Chickasaw, who desired to keep the region as their hunting preserve.
Repeated raids by these tribes and by the Iroquois finally drove the Shawnee from their villages on the Cumberland in about 1714.
They moved northward and settled in the Ohio Valley, from which location they frequently sent war parties against the southern tribes and against the white settlers in Tennessee. At the beginning of the eighteenth century English traders were well established in Tennessee territory.
They lived in the Indian towns, taking part in the life of the village, many of them marrying Indian women.
James Adair, best known of these adventurous Englishmen, entered the Indian trade about 1735. To him is due the credit for much of our knowledge of the culture of the Tennessee Indians.
An educated thoughtful man and a keen observer, Adair spent forty years among the southern tribes, and recorded his observations in his book, History of the American Indians. In the colonial period the rates of exchange in the fur trade were agreed upon by a board of commissioners and influential chiefs.
The Indian country was divided into hunting districts, one district being allotted to a trader.
The rates varied from time to time but, for the most part, were well regulated until independent traders flocked into the Indian country. Beaver fur and deer skins were the principal articles received from the Indians. A trader's pack train seldom consisted of fewer than fifteen or twenty horses, and pack trains of more than a hundred horses were not uncommon on the "Great Trading Path" from Charleston to the Cherokee country.
Established in the Indian town, the trader lived in backwoods luxury, a person of importance in the village.
When he won the confidence and admiration of the tribesmen, he was usually chosen by some warrior as "particular friend."
The pact, symbolized by a complete exchange of clothing and even names, was lasting, and many a white man owed his life to his particular friend. The English outnumbered the French in the Cherokee country, but a few French traders came to the Overhill Towns and attempted to gain a foothold there.
In 1730, a bold stroke of diplomacy on the part of Sir Alexander Cuming (Cumin) won for the English the friendship of the Cherokee.
Going into the Cherokee country on his own initiative, Cuming completely overawed the tribesmen and talked them into signing a treaty.
He designated Chief Moytoy of Great Tellico as Emperor of the Cherokee, but reserved allegiance through himself to the British King.
The Indians were greatly impressed and agreed to become subjects of King George II.
Cuming then took to England a group of Indians, including the young Overhill warrior who later became the famous Attakullakulla (Little Carpenter).
The King received the chiefs with great ceremony, presented them with gifts and assured them of his love and protection.
In return the Indians pledged the King their loyalty and support. The Chickasaw were the only tribe on the lower Mississippi friendly to the English and hostile to the French.
When the French destroyed the Natchez, the Chickasaw received the remnant of that tribe into their nation. Free passage of the Mississippi was an important step in the French plan to keep the English settlements hemmed in along the Atlantic seaboard, and because Chickasaw warriors captured French supply boats on the Mississippi, destruction of the tribe became a fixed policy of the French. In the spring of 1736, Sieur de Bienville moved northward from New Orleans with his troops and warriors of the Choctaw Nation, hereditary enemies of the Chickasaw.
Major d'Artaguette, with another army of white soldiers and Indian braves, came down from the Illinois district, of which he was then governor.
The two armies were to meet in the Chickasaw country and exterminate the tribe. English traders rushed to the Chickasaw villages from Charleston to aid their allies.
D'Artaguette landed at Prudhomme Bluff and followed the Chickasaw War Trail southward to the nearest village, where he was decisively defeated by the Chickasaw and the British traders. Six days later Bienville was forced to retreat. In 1740 the French built Fort Assumption on the Lower Chickasaw Bluff (site of Memphis) as a base of operations against the Chickasaw.
A temporary peace was patched up, but the Indians continued to ambush French convoys on the Mississippi.
In 1752 Marquis de Vaudreuil led an expedition of 700 soldiers and a large force of Choctaw into the Chickasaw country, but was forced to retreat. The Chickasaw remained the masters of West Tennessee. Christian Priber, a German Utopian reformer and an agent for the French, appeared among the Overhill Cherokee in 1736. He crowned Moytoy of Great Tellico, then head chief of the Cherokee Nation, "Emperor" of his Utopia, which he called "Paradice."
Ludovick Grant, a well-known trader and liaison officer among the Cherokee for Governor Glen of South Carolina, attempted to arrest Priber but the Cherokee would not allow it.
Officers sent from South Carolina also failed, and barely escaped with their lives.
Priber was finally taken (1743) by Creek traders on his way to the French Fort at Mobile. He was turned over to the English colonial authorities, who sent him to prison in Georgia, where he spent his remaining days. His Utopian plans collapsed, but his influence continued for a long time in Great Tellico. Regulations to curb whisky trading, which by this time had become an abuse, were drafted by the English in 1751. They provided "that no trader shall carry rum into the nation, unless it be a few bottles for his own use, but that a quantity be lodged in the fort sufficient to supply each district with two keggs in the year, and that it be given to them gratis at two different times; to wit, one Kegg at the Green Corn Dance and one Kegg when they return from their Winter Hunt." Actual hostilities between the French and the English began in 1754.
After long-drawn bickering between South Carolina and Virginia, the latter colony, in answer to Cherokee requests, built a fort near Chota in 1756.
The colonial governments still could not reach an agreement and the fort was never named or garrisoned.
The following year South Carolina completed and garrisoned Fort Loudoun, five miles west of Chota on the south bank of the Little Tennessee River.
At the time Fort Loudoun was completed (1757) the Cherokee, who had been wavering toward an alliance with the French, turned to the English. In the spring of 1759 reports of negotiations between the Cherokee of Great Tellico and the French came from the Overhill country.
To the Overhill town of Settico came Great Mortar, a Creek chief friendly to the French, who made an alliance with Chief Moytoy. War parties left Settico and fell upon the North Carolina settlements in the Yadkin and Catawba Valleys. Old Hop, the emperor or principal chief, and Attakullakulla tried to prevent a war with the English, but the French and their Creek allies kept up their intrigues with the Overhills.
These "bad talks" continued until Governor Lyttelton of South Carolina, fearing war with the whole Cherokee Nation, authorized the stoppage of their ammunition supplies. Oconostota, the Great Warrior of Chota, and thirty-one chiefs, returning from Charleston where they had gone for "peace talks", were made prisoners and taken under military guard to Fort Prince George.
Attakullakulla went to Charleston and finally secured the release of Oconostota and two chiefs. In January 1760 the Overhills, led by Oconostota, made an unsuccessful attack on Fort Prince George, where their tribesmen were imprisoned.
Runners, painted red, carried war messages throughout the nation.
In March, Old Hop, the friendly leader, died and Standing Turkey was elected head chief.
The whole Cherokee Nation now took the warpath. Attakullakulla, alone of all the headmen, remained loyal to the English.
The warring tribesmen attacked Fort Loudoun, cut off communications, and after months of siege forced the starved garrison to surrender.
On the trail back to the settlements the soldiers were ambushed by the Cherokee; some twenty of the garrison, including the commandant, Captain Paul Demore, were killed on the spot and the rest were made prisoners.
Following the Indian custom of "special friendship" for a white brother, Attakullakulla rescued his friend Captain John Stuart, second in command of the garrison, and helped him to escape to Virginia.
British troops and colonial militia finally conquered the Cherokee, and by a treaty made November 9, 1761, the Indians surrendered Fort Loudoun. It was in this year that Timberlake and Sergeant Thomas Sumter visited the Cherokee.
Their host on the journey was Ostenaco, or "Judd's Friend," a war chief of the Overhill Cherokee.
When the expedition returned to Virginia, Governor Fauquier sent Ostenaco with two of his warriors and an interpreter to England with Timberlake and Sumter.
In London the young Virginians and their Cherokee friends were entertained at fashionable resorts, visited by the nobility, and received at court by King George III.
Sir Joshua Reynolds painted Ostenaco's portrait, and the three Indians posed for him in a group.
After a two-month stay in England, the Cherokee were brought back to America by Sumter. Timberlake remained in England and two years later published his memoirs, which present an accurate picture of Indian life in that period.
The visit of Ostenaco, like that of Attakullakulla in 1730, greatly strengthened British influence among the Cherokee. The British King's proclamation of 1763 guaranteed the Cherokee their territory west of the Appalachians, but the land-hungry settlers paid little heed to their government's treaty boundaries and steadily encroached on Indian land.
By the treaty of Fort Stanwix in New York on November 6, 1762, the Iroquois conveyed to the English their claim to the hunting grounds bounded by the Ohio and the Tennessee Rivers.
By the Treaty of Hard Labour, made in the same year between the English and Cherokee the southernmost limit of the boundary line between the Virginia and the Cherokee lands was declared to be a point thirty-six miles east of the Long Island of the Holston River in East Tennessee.
In 1770, by the Treaty of Lockabar, a thirty-mile strip of Cherokee land was purchased by Virginia.
When a survey made in 1771 showed definitely that the white settlements were not in Virginia but on Cherokee land, the settlers, rather than move, leased all the land along the Watauga for about $5,000 in merchandise.
Similar leases were made of lands along the Nolichucky and in Carter's Valley. In 1774 Lord Dunmore's War broke out in Virginia, and the Cherokee, roused by war embassies of northern Indians, grew restless.
As a nation they did not take the warpath, but there were frequent brushes between young braves and bands of settlers.
The Transylvania Land Company of North Carolina purchased from the Cherokee in 1775 their claim to the lands lying between the Kentucky River and the Cumberland for $50,000 in merchandise. But the Cherokee, as a tribe, were by no means unanimous in their acceptance of this agreement, and many of them bitterly resented the transaction. The American Revolution, which began one month after the land purchase, gave the disgruntled faction a chance to regain the lands taken from them and to prevent any further settlements south of the boundary line. Led by Dragging Canoe, they "lifted the war axe." After two years of fighting the Cherokee met the commissioners of Virginia and North Carolina on the Long Island of the Holston - their sacred treaty ground - and made peace with the white invaders. In a formal treaty made at the Long Island in July 1777, the Cherokee ceded a large area to North Carolina and Virginia and agreed to remain neutral during the Colonies' war with England. Dragging Canoe's followers, refusing to accept as final the loss of lands in East Tennessee, moved westward to Chickamauga Creek and there established villages. These hostile Cherokee, who became known as the Chickamauga, were joined by Shawnee warriors from the Ohio, by Creeks from Alabama and Georgia, and by white outlaws. Their war parties struck at the outlying settlements continually, ranging far and wide over the frontier. Colonel Evan Shelby led an expedition against them in 1779 burned their towns, and captured horses and supplies. Later the Indians left Chickamauga Creek and established the Five Lower Towns, west of Lookout Mountain, with Nickajack Cave as their stronghold. After peace was made between England and America, all Indian attacks ceased for a time. Boundaries were established by the Hopewell treaties with the Cherokee in 1785 and the Chickasaw in 1786, and Indian titles to land in Tennessee were recognized by the United States. In 1791, William Blount, Territorial Governor, called the Cherokee to a conference at White's Fort, the present Knoxville. The new boundary line between the Cherokee lands and those of the whites in Tennessee was agreed upon. In addition to surrendering land, the Indians granted to the whites the use of the Tennessee River and the road through their lands on the Cumberland Plateau. In return the United States Government gave a certain amount of goods and agreed to pay an annuity of $1,500. In 1792 a group of Cherokee leaders met representatives of the United States at Chota in a peace council; but while the council was in session militiamen attacked the Indians, killed several, and wounded Hanging Maw, the head chief, and his wife. Peace negotiations were broken off; the Cherokee as a nation joined the Chickamauga and the Creek in war against the whites. The Chickamauga continued to raid the frontier until Major James Ore led the Nickajack Expedition into their country in 1794 and completely broke their power. They came back into the Cherokee Nation and ceased to exist as a separate tribe. The defeat of the northern tribes by American troops, and the surrender of Spanish territorial claims, placed the Indians under the sole jurisdiction of the United States. During the first quarter of the nineteenth century the Cherokee were as civilized as the border whites. They had large farms and orchards, owned Negro slaves, and raised cattle, sheep, and horses. They used progressive farming methods in growing cotton, tobacco, corn, wheat, oats, potatoes, and indigo. Most of the cotton their women made into cloth for their own use, the surplus was shipped to New Orleans. They sold the garrisons in the Indian country fresh milk, butter, eggs, and apples. Their territory had good horse paths and wagon roads. In 1804 the Reverend Gideon Blackburn opened a Presbyterian school for the Cherokee near the village of Sale Creek. In 1817 a school known as the Brainerd Mission, near the present site of Chattanooga, was established by the Reverend Cyrus Kingsbury, a Congregational missionary. From 1805 to 1819 various treaties were made with the Cherokee and the Chickasaw. In 1818 the Chickasaw ceded all the West Tennessee territory to the United States except a tract four miles square on Sandy River and a few individually owned tracts. In return, the United States agreed to pay $20,000 annually for fifteen consecutive years. In 1823 the reserved lands were also transferred to the United States and the Chickasaw left the territory. It was the proud boast of their tribe that they had never lifted up the war axe against people of the English-speaking race. In 1825 more than 13,000 Cherokee still occupied their ancestral lands. Some 6,000, however, lived west of the Mississippi River in Texas and Arkansas, having migrated from Tennessee because of dissatisfaction over the treaties made with the whites. Oolooteka, from Hiwassee Island - leading chief of this western band - had adopted young Sam Houston as his foster son, calling him the Raven. After resigning the governorship of Tennessee, Houston became a leader of the western Cherokee and was given full citizenship in the Nation. Going to Washington as the ambassador of the Cherokee, he preferred charges against dishonest Government agents, succeeded in having them removed, and then returned to take an honored seat in the National Council of the Cherokee. To George Gist or Guess, better known as Sequoyah, belongs the credit for making the Cherokee into a literate people. Sequoyah, a half-breed Cherokee, was a skillful silversmith as well as a hunter and trader. In 1818 he began to devise an alphabet for his people. Using letters and figures from an old speller, without relation to their meaning in English, and inventing other symbols, he built up a syllabary of 85 characters capable of expressing all the sounds in the Cherokee language. In 1821 the tribal leaders adopted Sequoyah's alphabet and within a few months both the eastern and western bands of the tribe were learning to read. In 1828 the Cherokee Phoenix, a newspaper in Cherokee and English, was published. In commemoration of Sequoyah's invention, the giant Sequoyah (Sequoia) trees of California were named in his honor. In 1827 the Cherokee adopted a written constitution modeled after that of the United States. It was the intention of this civilized tribe to continue to be a self-governing nation within the territorial limits of Tennessee and the three adjacent States, where they still owned some 10 million acres of land. But the whites wanted this land, and they began to take it, sometimes by force. Treaties were ignored and the Indians were subjected to many persecutions. Georgia declared Cherokee laws to be void within her territory and all Indians therein subject to her authority. In 1832 the United States Supreme Court denied Georgia's right to do this, but the court's authority was defied. Andrew Jackson, then President, took no action to compel obedience to the supreme judicial authority of the United States and to the treaties that the Government had made with the Cherokee. Congress authorized the President to offer western lands in exchange for the Cherokee territory east of the Mississippi. Led by John Ross, their principal chief, the tribe as a whole refused to accept the proposed removal. Repeatedly delegations went to Washington to plead their cause, but the President refused to aid them, and Congress turned a deaf ear to their petitions. Despairing of successful opposition to the United States, a faction of the tribe under the leadership of John Ridge decided to accept the removal. A preliminary treaty was made in March 1835, but the Cherokee Council, influenced by Ross, rejected it. On December 29, 1835, however, a minority of the tribe signed the Treaty of New Echota, and the United States Senate quickly ratified it. By this treaty of removal all Cherokee land east of the Mississippi was ceded to the United States for $5,000,000. In addition the Government was to give the Cherokee 15,000,000 acres of land in the Indian territory. In March 1836 a supplementary treaty was made whereby the United States agreed to pay the Indians an additional $1,000,000, and the Cherokee were to leave Tennessee within two years. The John Ross party vigorously protested, contending that the treaty did not represent the will of the majority, but the Government was determined that they should accept it. Troops were sent into the Cherokee country to make them vacate. Forts were built and the Indians were herded into them until final preparations were completed for their forced removal. In the summer of 1838 a number of Indians were sent by boat to their new home; others went by wagon train. But many deaths, from disease and the heat, delayed the removal until autumn. In October the Indians were assembled at Rattlesnake Springs, near the present site of Charleston. After a tribal council - the last one held in Tennessee - they were divided into thirteen detachments, each in charge of two Cherokee officers, and the great removal began. The suffering endured by the evicted Cherokee on their long forced march gave to their route the name of the Trail of Tears. Not all the Cherokee submitted, however. Homesick for their native hills, more than 1,000 escaped from the forts and fled into the remote mountain regions. Their descendants now occupy the reservation in North Carolina. Vern sent me the following: Seems like it was Moytoy that captured Ft. Loudon or somewhere near to that. Would have to check to really know right now I guess. Then Attakullakulla rescued John Stuart and the rest is history as they say. If I recall correct, Attakullakulla was the uncle of Nancy Ward and Dragging Canoe. Dragging Canoe being the son of Oconostota I think. We are related to a couple of different ways to these people but I am not clear in my mind right now. But these special people were very much the movers and shakers of the Cherokee people of their times and made the biggest impact on the way the main contact or clash of the two peoples, red and white at a very critical time. 1730 EMPEROR MOYTOY OF AMERICA- An English conman, Sir Alex Cummings, had ingradiated himself into the council of the great Cherokee Nation. In a scam to make himself look like the spokesperson of this people he convinced one chief named Moytoy to travel to England and do ritual submission to King George as Emperor Moytoy of the Americas. The indians were confused but went along with what they thought was a gag. Cummings dissappeared shortly after the truth came out, undoubtedly wealthier. Descendants of Moytoy Page 1 of 2 1 Moytoy WFT Est 1654-1693 - WFT Est 1696-1774 2 Tame Doe WFT Est 1696-1719 - WFT Est 1741-1807 .... +Skayagustuegwo WFT Est 1687-1716 - WFT Est 1741-1801 .... 3 Nancy Ward 1738 - 1822 ....... +Kingfisher WFT Est 1684-1722 - 1755 ....... 4 Little Fellow ....... 4 Catherine Kingfisher 1752 - Unknown .......... +Ellis Harlan Abt 1731 - WFT Est 1788-1823 .......... 5 Sallie Harlan WFT Est 1751-1778 - WFT Est 1782-1861 .......... 5 Ruth Harlan WFT Est 1751-1778 - WFT Est 1782-1861 .......... 5 George Harlan WFT Est 1751-1778 - WFT Est 1785-1858 .......... 5 Ezekial Harlan III WFT Est 1751-1778 - WFT Est 1785-1858 .......... 5 Susannah Harlan WFT Est 1751-1778 - WFT Est 1782-1861 ............. +Otterlifter WFT Est 1741-1777 - WFT Est 1782-1855 .......... 5 Nannie Harlan Abt 1787 - 1841 ............. +Caleb Starr 1758 - 1843 ............. 6 Mary Pauline Starr 1795 - 1869 ............. 6 James Starr WFT Est 1777-1805 - 1845 ................ 7 Tom Starr 1813 - 1890 ................... 8 Sam Starr 1859 - 1886 ...................... +Myra Maybelle Shirley 1848 - 1889 (Belle) ............. 6 Ezekiel Starr WFT Est 1778-1810 - WFT Est 1835-1892 ................ 7 James C. "Hickory" Starr 1833 - 1901 ................... 8 Emma Jane Starr WFT Est 1854-1882 - WFT Est 1885-1964 .......... 5 Elizabeth Harlan 1793 - 1826 ............. +Peter Hildebrand 1782 - 1851 ............. 6 Mary Elizabeth Hildebrand 1824 - 1879 ................ +Daniel Jones Frazier 1816 - 1865 ................ 7 John Frazier 1856 - 1928 ................... +Elizabeth Boggs 1864 - 1921 ................... 8 John Frazier Jr. 1886 - ................... 8 Elizabeth Frazier 1888 - ................... 8 Ivy Bell Frazier 1890 - 1978 ...................... +Garland Gladstone Grounds 1885 - 1925 ...................... 9 Thomas Grounds - 1987 ...................... 9 Robert Edward Grounds 1925 - 1971 ...................... 9 Gladys Grounds 1915 - ......................... +Jim McFarland 1894 - 1975 ......................... 10 Betty Ann McFarland 1942 - ........................... +Junior Clopton ............................ 11 Loyd Clopton 1964 - ............................... +Carrie Cordor ............................... 12 Loyd Tray Clopton ............................ 11 John Clopton 1969 - ............................... +Marie Vasquez ............................ 11 Jim Clopton 1971 - ............................... +Trena White 1970 - ......................... 10 John McFarland ............................ +Clorita ............................ 11 Lisa McFarland ......................... 10 James Richard McFarland 1935 - 1995 ............................ +Ann ............................ 11 Galetta McFarland ............................ 11 James Wayne McFarland ............................ 11 Barbie McFarland ............................ 11 Glen Adam McFarland ......................... 10 Goldie Gladys McFarland 1930 - 1991 ............................ +Sam Haywood ............................ 11 Alberta McBride ............................ 11 Charlotte McBride ............................ 11 Dennis McBride ............................ 11 Hank McBride ............................ 11 [1] Andrew Joe McBride ......................... *2nd Husband of Goldie Gladys McFarland: ............................ +McBride ............................ 11 [1] Andrew Joe McBride ......................... 10 Sylvia Bell McFarland 1933 - ............................ +William Wesley Battenfield 1930 - ............................ 11 Richard Allen Battenfield 1947 - ............................... +Carol Bennett ............................ 11 Jeanne Lavern Battenfield 1950 - ............................... +Jerry Wayne Seay ............................ *2nd Husband of Jeanne Lavern Battenfield: ............................... +Charles Wayne Johnson 1958 - ............................... 12 Jerry Wayne Seay,Jr. 1971 - .................................. +Leona Michelle Burrows 1972 - ............................... 12 Adam Wesley Seay 1974 - .................................. +Sandra Barr Phillips 1960 - ............................ 11 Billy Ray Battenfield 1952 - ............................... +Teresa Fairchild 1965 - ............................... 12 Justin William Dale Battenfield 1985 - ............................... 12 Kristin Sylvia Dawn Battenfield 1985 - ............................ 11 Jerry Don Battenfield 1953 - ............................... +Reba Smith ............................... 12 Terri Lynn Battenfield 1977 - .................................. +Joe Garcia ............................ *2nd Wife of Jerry Don Battenfield: ............................... +Patricia Brown 1956 - ............................... 12 Steven Battenfield 1978 - ............................... 12 Jerry Michael Battenfield 1981 - ............................ 11 Connie Sue Battenfield 1956 - ............................... +Russell Garvis Griffith 1954 - ............................... 12 Russell Garvis Griffith,Jr. 1974 - ............................... 12 William Hannon Griffith 1976 - .................................. +Lori Anglin 1977 - ............................ *2nd Husband of Connie Sue Battenfield: ............................... +Ronnie Tarwater 1958 - ...................... 9 Betty Marie Grounds 1919 - ......................... +Watkins ...................... 9 Lonna Francis Grounds 1913 Oct. 1759 to 15 Jan. 1760 as privates under Captain James Ford and Col. George Gabriel Powell in the South Carolina Colonial Wars of 1759 to 1760. These Colonial Wars were fought against part of the Cherokee Indian Nation at Tellico led by Chief Moytoy and the upper Creek Chief Great Mortar who began the hostilities with 22 Carolinian scalps lifted form settlers living along the Yadkin River. Sir Francis Nicholson, the first royal governor of South Carolina, in an effort to systematize Indian relations, created the title “Emperor of the Cherokee Nation.” The thirty-seven chiefs who met with Nicholson at Charlestown in 1721 not only agreed to accept the radical idea of a leader for all the Cherokees but also agreed to the first Cherokee land cession, yielding a strip between the Santee, saluda, and Edisto rivers. In 1725, when Col. George Chicken visited the Cherokee country, the capital, or home of the emperor, was the town of Tunnissee, from which the Tennessee River and the state derive their names. On April 3, 1730, Sir Alexander Cuming in Nequassee Townhouse arranged for the election of a new emperor, Moytoy of Great Tellico. When Moytoy was killed in battle, the Tellico-Hiwassee power structure sought to retain the advantages of the emperorship. Using the European concept of a nereditary monarchy, the Tellico council gained British recognition of ATTACULLACULLA, the teenage son of Moytoy, as the new emperor. For more than a decade the Tellico-Hiwassee coalition for political dominance. *And so this appears to be the farthest I can go back in our Mann Family. The side where the Indians came from. In researching all of this it has made me realize how badly the Indians were treated. Some of the people on this side of our family can be called traitors but when you research all the information you realize they just did what they thought was right in their hearts. The Treaty Party that seemed to sign the Cherokee Indians lives away were only looking out for their people. These people were very educated and they knew how the white man would get over on the uneducated Indians if they stayed. You can look at this information two ways, but either way you look at it, this is what made our American History. This is what made our Family history! We would not be what we are today had these things not happened. I hope that this will truly bless you and I hope that one day you will add to this book and carry on “OUR FAMILY HERITAGE.” I wish I could thank all of the people that helped me on this. There were a lot of unknown people over this United States that I got in contact with over the internet, that have gave me some very important information or at least told me where to find it. Some of the things I received over the net I have left in the form that I received them so you can make your own judgement on how correct the information they sent to me was or is. Enjoy this little bit of heritage I hope it enhances your lives. I love you all very much and I hope that all of your lives turn out the way you want them to. God Bless. I’m finally finished! I LOVE YOU ALL! Nancy E. Mann Hamilton – better known as Momma, Aunt, Sis, Daughter, Grandma and some day Great Grandma and hopefully to those of you who may happen on this down the line after I am gone. I know I would of loved you too. George Harlan (Ezekial Harlan’s Father) ******************************************************************************** DATE OF BIRTH: March 11, 1649-50 LOCATION OF BIRTH: Bishoprick, Durham, England UNITED IN MARRIAGE TO: Elizabeth Duck LOCATION OF MARRIAGE: DATE OF MARRIAGE: GEORGE’S AGE AT MARRIAGE: ELIZABETH’S AGE AT MARRIAGE: DEPARTED THIS LIFE ON: July 1714 LOCATION OF DEATH: LAID TO REST: AGE AT DEATH: Elizabeth Duck Harlan (Ezekial Harlan’s Mother) ******************************************************************************** DATE OF BIRTH: May 5, 1660 LOCATION OF BIRTH: Shamkill, Armaugh, Ireland DEPARTED THIS LIFE ON: LOCATION OF DEATH: LAID TO REST: AGE AT DEATH: CHILDREN BORN TO THIS UNION: *Ezekial Born June 16, 1679 Hannah born February 4, 1680-81 James Born August 19, 182 Aaron Born October 24, 1685 Rebakah Born August 17, 1688 Deborah Born August 28, 1690 Elizabeth Born August 9, 1694 Joshua Born November 15, 1696 Richard Bobbington Buffington (Ruth Buffington’s Father) ******************************************************************************** DATE OF BIRTH: About 1654 LOCATION OF BIRTH: Great Marle, Upon Tyne, Buckinghamshire England UNITED IN MARRIAGE TO: Ann LOCATION OF MARRIAGE: DATE OF MARRIAGE: RICHARD’S AGE AT MARRIAGE: ANN’S AGE AT MARRIAGE: DEPARTED THIS LIFE ON: January 1747-48 LOCATION OF DEATH: Chester, Pennsylvania LAID TO REST: AGE AT DEATH: Ann (Ruth Buffington’s Mother) ******************************************************************************** DATE OF BIRTH: LOCATION OF BIRTH: DEPARTED THIS LIFE ON: LOCATION OF DEATH: LAID TO REST: AGE AT DEATH: CHILDREN BORN TO THIS UNION: Ann married Benjamin Hickman in 1701 Richard married Phoebe Grubb Died in 1742 William John married Sarah Arnold Died in 1736 Hannah married Jeremiah Dean in 1720 Mary married 1st William Baldwin 2nd John Freeman Died in 1749 Lydia married George Martin Died before 1757 *Ruth born about 1677 in Great Marle, Upon Tyne, Buckinghamshire, England Married Ezekiel Harlan in 1706 Died January 1742-43 in Kennett, Chester, Pennsylvania Thomas – Born 1680 Married 1st Ruth Cope 2nd Ann Matthews Died December 1739 Robert Hicks (Robert Hicks Jr. Father) ******************************************************************************** DATE OF BIRTH: LOCATION OF BIRTH: UNITED IN MARRIAGE TO: Frances DATE OF MARRIAGE: LOCATION OF MARRIAGE: ROBERT’S AGE AT MARRIAGE: AGE AT MARRIAGE: DEPARTED THIS LIFE ON: 1740 LOCATION OF DEATH: LAID TO REST: AGE AT DEATH: Frances Hicks(Robert Hicks Jr. Mother) ******************************************************************************** DATE OF BIRTH: LOCATION OF BIRTH: DEPARTED THIS LIFE ON: LOCATION OF DEATH: LAID TO REST: AGE AT DEATH: CHILDREN BORN TO THIS UNION: Charles Hicks James John Hicks George Hicks Frances Ransom Martha Bedingfield Elizabeth Hicks Rachel Hicks Mary Tabitha Robert Jr. was the son of Robert, the original immigrant who came over from England in about 1683. In the name of God Amen I Robert Hicks, Gentleman of the County of Brunswick in the Colony and dominion of Virginia, Knowing the uncertainty of human life and being now in perfect health and sound and disposing mind and memory do judge this the most proper time to make my Last Will and Testament for the disposing of what Lands Slaves Goods and Chattels I at the present time am owner of which I do in manner and form as followeth. Imprimis I acknowledge the Divine Favor and Mercy of God in so safely conducting and preserving me through all the Dangers to which human Life is exposed to this present time hoping the same Divine Grace may enable me to act to the end of my Life as becomes a follower of our Blessed Saviour Jesus Christ by whose advocacy & mediation with the Father I hope to to be admitted to eternal salvation. Item I give and bequeath unto my son Charles Hicks all my land at the Indian Fort below where I now live joining Captain Nathaniel Edwards his lower line and Batts his line containing 650 acres to him and his heirs forever. Item I give and bequeath unto my beloved wife Frances Hicks four slaves name Kate, Martha Alias Hatt, Will and Popper. I also give to my said wife the Bed and Furniture which I now lie in with my will and Six sheep the best that she can choose out of the Flock and 4 cows and calves and also my largest iron Pott. Item I give and bequeath unto my son James Hicks after the decease of my wife the plantation whereon I now live being whatever remains of my patent for 2610 acres after the several tracts hereafter given and taken out of the said patent to him & his heirs forever. I also give unto my said son James one mulatto boy named Peter being now in the possession of the said James Hicks. Item I give and bequeath unto my son-in-law Richard Ransom 150 acres of land lying in the fork of Reeves his swamp being the plantation whereon John Hicks lived unto him and his heirs forever. Item I give and bequeath unto my grandson Benjamin Hicks 150 acres of land lying in the fork of Reeves his swamp above the land I have given to Richard Ransom to him and his heirs forever. Item I give and bequeath unto my son George Hicks a certain parcel of land joining to what he has already beginning at the mouth of his pasture branch and running from thence to the persimmon trees that grow by my haystack to him and his heirs forever. Item I give unto my son James Hicks my large oval table. Item I give unto my daughter Frances Ransom two slaves, Jo and Cesar. Item I give unto my daughter Martha Bedingfield a negro girl named Hannah. Item I give unto my daughter Elizabeth Hicks two slaves, Will & Amy. Item I give unto my daughter Rachel Hicks two slaves, Dick & Judy. Item I give unto my son Charles Hicks my negro Peter and a bed and furniture and that chest which he now hath. Item I give unto my daughter Elizabeth one bed and furniture. Item I give unto my daughter Rachael one bed and furniture. Item I give and bequeath unto my grandson John Bedingfield all my part of the mill on Genito's creek to him and his heirs forever. Item I give & bequeath unto my beloved wife Frances Hicks all the remainder of my estate horses cattle sheep hogs and household stuff to be entirely at her own disposal. Item I give unto my two daughters Mary & Tabitha to each a common Bible. Lastly I nominate constitute and appoint my beloved wife Frances Hicks full and sole Executrix of this my Last Will and Testament hereby revoking annulling and making void all former and other wills and testaments whatsoever. In Witness Whereof I have hereunto set my hand & seal the 6th day of March Anno Christ 1738/39. Signed by Robert Hicks. Signed and sealed and acknowledged as the Last Will and Testament of Robert Hicks in the presence of Anne Poythress, Charles Ross, and John Chapman. At a court held for Brunswick Co. the 7th day of February, 1739. This will was presented in court by Frances Hicks the Executrix therein named who made oath thereto according to law and the same being proved by the oaths of Ann Poythress, Charles Ross, and John Chapman it is admitted to record. Will Book 2, page 3, Brunswick County, Virginia Indenture made 18 Nov 1773, between William Blunt of Sussex Gentlemen and Charles Hicks of Brunswick, Whereas James Hicks of the County of Brunswick did by his Certain deed of Mortgage bearing date the Twelfth day of December in the year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred & Sixty six for the security of the payment of Three hundred & thirty five pounds Ten shillings Currt. money which the said James Hicks did then ___ & ___ actually Indebted unto the said Wm. Blunt make over & Convey one Certain Tract or parcel of Land situate lying & being in the County of Brunswick Containing the Quantity and bounded as by the said Deed Reference being thereto had may more fully appear which said sum of Three hundred & thirty five pounds ten shillings hath since been paid by the said James Hicks unto the said William Blunt, and Whereas the said James Hicks hath by his Deed of Bargain and Sale bearing date the twenty fourth day of November, 1772, made over & conveyed the aforesaid Tract or parcel of Land & premises unto his son Charles Hicks which said Deed is duly recorded in the Court of the County of Brunswick Reference thereto being had may also more fully and at large appear, that Wm. Blunt for & in consideration of his having been fully & Justly paid & satisfied by the said James Hicks, by these presents relinquish make over & Disclaim all title Interest & right whatsoever which he evern had or might have unto the said Tract or parcel of Land. Signed Wm Blunt. Witnesses: Jas. Mason, D. Fisher, David Mason. Court 22 Nov 1773, Indenture was proved by the oaths of James Mason Daniel Fisher and David Mason. Deed Book 11, page 188, Brunswick County, Virginia Hicks The Hicks line of Roscoe L. Strickland III: Robert Hicks (d. 1740) m. Frances James (d. 1762) m. Martha Benjamin Hicks m. Lucy Delony Lucy D. Hicks m. Ludwell Jones Thomas L. Jones (1822-1895) m. Mary Puryear (1829-1856) Elizabeth Jones (1855-1925) m. John N. Cole (1852-1915) Lucy Cole (1882-1958) m. Plato Tracy Durham (1873-1930) Lucy Cole Durham (b. 1925) m. Roscoe Lee Strickland, Jr. (b. 1917) Roscoe Lee Strickland III (b. 1952) --yours truly The present town of Emporia, Virginia, was once called Hicksford. The name evolved from the spot on the Meherrin River where Capt. Robert Hicks had his trading post. It was at a shallow point that was fordable and became known as Hicks' or Hix's Ford. It is believed that the villages of Hicksford, located on the south side of the river, and Belfield, located on the north side of the river, were combined in the late 1880's to become Emporia. Robert Hicks was captain of the garrison that Governor Spottswood installed at Fort Christianna in Brunswick County in 1714. Captain Hicks went with Governor Spottswood to Albany, New York, in 1722, to negotiate a treaty with the Iroquois Indians. In 1728, he accompanied Colonel William Byrd and the commission that surveyed the boundary line between North Carolina and Virginia. Robert Hicks first appeared in Charles City County (afterwards Prince George) records. In 1690, John Evans, Robert's father-in-law, gave 560 acres adjoining General Wood's land to Robert Hicks and his wife, Winifred Hicks. On April 13, 1693, Robert Hicks appeared in Charles City County Court in a drunken state and was sentenced to the stocks. His father-in-law soon afterward gave him another 1120 acres of land on the south side of the Appomattox, and shortly thereafter, Hicks claimed 600 acres for transporting twelve persons into the colony. He is mentioned numerous times in Brunswick County land records up until the late 1730's. The will of Robert Hicks, Gentleman, was dated March 6, 1739, and proved February 7, 1740. To his son, Charles Hicks, all my land at the Indian Fort containing 650 acres adjacent to Nathaniel Edwards, and 150 acres lying in the Fork of Reeves. To son, James Hicks, the plantation whereon I now live after the death of wife, whatever is left of patent of 2610 acres. To son, George Hicks, tract of land adjacent to his land. To son-in-law, Richard Ransom, 150 acres lying in the Fork of Reeves. To grandson, Benjamin Hicks (son of Daniel Hicks, deceased son of Robert), 150 acres in Fork of Reeves. Daughters, Martha Beddingfield, Frances Ransom, Elizabeth Hicks, Rachel Hicks, Mary Hicks, and Tabitha Hicks. To grandson, John Beddingfield, all my part of the Mill on Genito's Creek. Wife, Frances Hicks, named as executrix. Witnesses were Ann Poythress, Charles Rose, and John Chapman (Brunswick County, Virginia, Will Book 2, page 4). James Hicks was named in the will of his father, Robert Hicks, dated March 6, 1739, and proved February 7, 1740. He was left the plantation whereon I now live after the death of wife, whatever is left of patent of 2610 acres (Brunswick County, Virginia, Will Book 2, page 4). James Hicks was named in the will of his mother, Frances Hicks, dated May 7, 1744, and proved July 5, 1744. He and his brother, George, were executors (Brunswick County Will Book 2, page 93). James Hicks is also mentioned many times in Brunswick County land records. Benjamin Hicks owned land in Brunswick County, Virginia. He was named in the will of his father, James Hicks, in 1760. In 1771 and 1772, he purchased property on Great Creek, and in October, 1777, he and his wife sold their lands in Brunswick County. It was at this time, it is believed, that the family moved to Cheraw District (now Chesterfield County), South Carolina. In the spring of 1780, during the Revolutionary War, the British fources invaded South Carolina. Many American patriots were driven from the Cheraw area, their slaves being seized and freed. Benjamin's house was burned and he returned to Hicks' Ford in Brunswick County, Virginia. He registered his 53 slaves, as the tories were setting them all free (Brunswick County, Virginia, Deed Book 14, page 101). One slave named Brandum, aged 45, was on the list. A slave of that name was willed to Benjamin by his father, James Hicks, in 1760. In 1781, Greensville County was formed from the eastern portion of Brunswick, and Hicks' Ford fell in the new county. Benjamin Hicks was appointed surveyor for Greensville, County, and during the same year was granted a license to operate an ordinary (tavern) at Hicks' Ford. He continued to appear in the records of Greensville County as late as 1785. This is from Bill Waltman. Daniel Higdon paid Robert Hicks passage in 1683 and they worked together in the fur trade business from near Emporia, NC. Robert Hicks arrived in (what would become) the United States as a passenger on the ship Fortune in 1623, arriving in Plymouth. He is listed in Saints and Strangers, along with some of his family. X-POP3-Rcpt: hamilton@dreamland Return-Path: Date: Mon, 8 Dec 97 23:25:03 UT From: "William Waltman" To: "Nancy E. Hamilton" Subject: RE: Hi Nancy: I think you have it right. Going from memory, but Robert Hicks came over about 1683. Robert Jr. manned Fort Christiana, which he built, with rangers. I think he married Francis (Irvin). Son James then Robert who went to live with the Indians about 1740's? His son Nathan was the father of Chief Charles R. Hicks. No one has proven the connection between Robert and Nathan. You may have to check British trading records or something along those lines. Also check the Feb issue (1994-5) of the NC Genealogical Journal for an article on tri-racial marriages by James Logan Colbert. He seems certain that this line leads to ours and I am inclined to agree. Might be 95 and 96, it was in two installments. It mentions a lot of the names you just did. According to the author, Robert Sr. had children by three different women as was common back then. Robt Sr. only had Robert Jr. that I know for sure, though he supposedly had something like 13. George may have been another who went to live down on the Peedee River in the southern part of the state. Robert Jr. also helped surve the NC/VA border. Lot of history there. A lot of good info you found. There is also a Hicks or Hix file on Compuserve that has a lot of probate info on the Hicks line. Been a long time, but it might still be there. Regards, Bill X-POP3-Rcpt: hamilton@dreamland Return-Path: Date: Fri, 12 Dec 97 21:48:02 UT From: "William Waltman" To: "Nancy E. Hamilton" Subject: RE: Nancy: The Robert Hicks will which you sent was for Robert Hicks Jr. who married Francis Irvin. For some reason, I initially showed his wife as Elizabeth. Francis was second wife. The will lists most of his children. George went to SC and wheeled and dealed down on the Peedee River according to the article. Robert Hicks Sr. was the original as near as I can tell. I think he arrived in 1683. Bill ---------- From: Nancy E. Hamilton Sent: Tuesday, December 09, 1997 7:47 PM To: William Waltman Subject: RE: Thanks for all of your help Bill. Have a Happy Holiday. Nancy At 10:40 PM 12/9/97 UT, William Waltman wrote: >You may have to check the library or contact them directly. This isn't >something I found on the net. > Bill >From: Nancy E. Hamilton >Sent: Monday, December 08, 1997 7:37 PM >To: w_waltman@classic.msn.com >Dear Bill, >This Feb issue (1994-5) of the NC Genealogical Journal >article on tri-racial marriages by James Logan Colbert. How do I find it. I >have been on the net for 2 hours looking for it. I hate to keep bugging you but I do appreciate all the info you have given me so far. If I never got >another ounce of info that would be alright because you have helped immensely. >Thanks, >Nancy Robert HICKS •BIRTH: 1570-1575, [S2] •DEATH: 1647, Plymouth, , Massachusettes [S2] Family 1: Elizabeth MORGAN •MARRIAGE: 1600, [S2] 1.Thomas HICKS 2.John HICKS 3.Sarah HICKS 4.Stephen HICKS Family 2: Margaret WINSLOW •MARRIAGE: 1607, [S2] 1.Samuel HICKS 2.Ephraim HICKS 3.Lydia HICKS 4.Phoebe HICKS Hicks and Associated Families. 1. John Hicks b. 1605, Bermondsey, Eng. Parents 2. Robert Hicks b. 1583, Southwark, Eng., m. Margaret Winslow. Robert died 24 Mar 1646/47, Plymouth, MA, USA. 3. Margaret Winslow b. c1589, Droitwich, Worchester, Eng., d. 1666, Plymouth, MA. Grand Parents 4. James Hicks b. c1555, Sothwark, Eng., m. Phebe Allyne. 5. Phebe Allyne b. c1557, Southwark, Eng. 6. Edward Winslow b. 17 Nov 1560, St. Andrews, Droitwich, Worcester, Eng., m. c 1584, in St. Peter's, Droitwich, Worcester, Eng., Eleanor Pelham. Edward died 1620, Droitwich, Worcester, Eng. 7. Eleanor Pelham b. 1564, Sussex, ENg., d. bef 1594, Droitwich, Worcester, Eng. Great Grand Parents 8. Baptist Hicks m. Mary Everard. 9. Mary Everard b. c1530, Fortesset, England. 10. Ephraim Allyne b. c1527, Eng., m. Nancy Evarts. 11. Nancy Evarts b. c1527, England. 12. Kenelm Winslow m. in Worcester, Eng., Catherine ?. 13. Catherine ? b. c 1532, Dortwich, Worcester, Eng., d. 4 Apr 1607, St. Andrew, Worcester, Eng. 14. Herbert Pelham b. 1546, Bucksteep, Sussex, Eng., m. c1565, in Westham, Sussex, Eng., Catherine Thatcher. Herbert died 12 Apr 1620, Fordington, Dorset, Eng. 15. Catherine Thatcher b. c1550, Westham, Sussex, Eng., d. c1593, Bucksteep, Sussex, Eng. Glenn Allan Bristow Parasite Section Department of Zoology University of Bergen N-5007 Bergen Norway tel (47) 55582589 fax. (47) 55589673 e-mail glenn.bristow@zoo.uib.no 1801-Amy Hicks-1896 Amy Hicks Parker, better known in later life as Grandma Parker, was the third daughter and seventh child of John Hicks and Elizabeth Hicks-nee Doby. She was of the seventh generation and a straight line descendant of Robert Hicks, who came from London on the ship Fortune and landed at Plymouth, Mass., on the 11th. Day of November, 1621. She was also a lineal descendant of the famous Ellis Hicks, who was Knighted by Edward the Black Prince on the battlefield of Poitiers Sept. 9th., 1356, for bravery in capturing a set of colors from the French. Indenture made the 1st day of April, 1735, between Robert Hicks of Brunswick County on the one part and Thomas Jacobs and Tabetha Jacobs, his wife, daughter to the said Robert Hicks of the other part, for 10 pounds, conveying one certain tract or pearsall (sic) of land containing one hundred acres lying in Brunswick County on the North side of Meherin River, to Thomas Jacobs and Tabetha Jacobs, his wife, for and during their natural life and hafter (sic) or their decease unto Thomas Jacobs and John Jacobs, sons to the said Thomas Jacobs and Tabetha, his wife. Signed by Robert Hicks and Frances Hicks. Witnessed by John Irby and Jane Roberts. Presented to Court on the 3rd day of April, 1735. Deeds and Wills Book 1, page 167, Brunswick County, Virginia The Fortune Voyages are listed at ship name on Ship List November 11, 1621 The Fortune arrived at New Plymouth, Massachusetts. The listed passengers were parts of families, along with others, who were left in England or the Netherlands the year before. Hickes, Robert His wife, Margaret, and children arrived on the Anne in 1623. The Ann(e) and the Little James arrived together in July (10), 1623 - "The Planters". "The vessels parted company at sea; the Ann arrived the latter part of June, and the Little James some week or ten days later; part of the number were the wives and children of persons already in the Colony." - "Hotten's Lists" Hick(e)s, Mrs. Margaret "wife of Robert" (Hickes) who came in the Fortune (son) Hicks, Samuel (Children not listed in "The Planters", mentioned by Hotten.) (daughter) Hicks, Lydia The First Thanksgiving In 1621 the "Pilgrims" from the ship Mayflower II had a harvest feast to give thanks to God for the abundance of food, and for surviving the first harsh winters. Governor William Bradford declared a feast to be held with the Native peoples of the region, the Wampanoag tribe led by Chief Massasoit, who had recently signed a treaty with the new comers. The Wampanoag kept the colony from starving that first winter by sharing their stores of maize and teaching them how to hunt and trap game. Without the native peoples, the colony would not have survived. That first thanksgiving feast was quite a party and lasted three days. They feasted on oysters, eels, leeks, berries, venison, corn bread, Indian pudding, watercress, sweet wine, and fowl. Wild Turkeys were plentiful at the time but it was the next thanksgiving recorded in 1623, that the big bird was specifically talked about. Cranberries and pumpkin pies also made their culinary debut in the feast at that time. Edward Winslow, leader of the Plymoth Colony, wrote the following discription of the first Thanksgiving feast in 1621: (this is in the language of the period) "Our harvest being goten in, out govenor sent foure men on fowling, thatso we might after a special manner rejoice together after we had gathered the fruit of our labors. They foure in one day killed as much fowl as, with a little help beside, served the company almost a week. At which time, amongst other recreations, we exercised our arms. Many of the Indians comming amongst us, and among the rest their greatest King Massasoit, withsome ninety men, whom for three days we entertained and feasted, and they went out and killed five deer, which they brought to the plantation and bestowed on our govenor, and upon the captain and others. And although it be not always so plentiful as it was this time with us, yet by the goodness of God, we are so far from want that we often wish you partakers of our plenty" Thanksgiving celebrations were hit and miss events until President George Washington proclaimed November 26, 1789 as the first national observance of this day of thanks. President FDR changed the date to the third Thursday in November in order to stimulate retail sales for the Christmas buying season. The Congress, in 1941, changed the date back to the last Thursday in November, and the rest is history as they say! Thanksgiving today is the most celebrated American holiday. Much of the information we have about the feast, and this period is from the Plymouth Plantation Museum, Plymouth, Massachusetts. FoodStop has gotten one of the recipes from the original feast, add it to you own Thanksgiving celebration in remembrance of Thanksgivings past. Furmenty (A wheat pudding on the order of an Indian Pudding) Ingredients •1 cup yellow corn meal or cracked wheat •1/8 teaspoon ground mace •1/8 teaspoon salt •1/2 teasp. cinnaimon •3/4 cup cream, optional •1 quart of milk •1 cup brown sugar •3 egg yolks Method 1.In a large pot, bring the water to a boil and add the wheat. Lower heat to a simmer and cover. Continue to cook for 1/2 hour, or until soft. Drain off all the water and add the milk, cream, salt, mace, cinnamon and sugar. Continue to simmer, stirring occasionally until all the liquid is absorbes, 20 to 30 minutes. 2.In a small bowl beat egg yolks and slowly add 1/2 cup of wheat mixture, stirring until all is smooth. The eggs will curdle if you don't keep stirring. This process brings the eggs up to the temp of the wheat mixture. 3.Add egg mixture to the pot and stir frequently for 5 minutes. 4.Serve hot or warm, sprinkled with brown sugar. Overview of possible ancestor Robert Hicks Robert Hicks arrived in (what would become) the United States as a passenger on the ship Fortune in 1623, arriving in Plymouth. He is listed in Saints and Strangers, along with some of his family. Robert had several children from two wives (in sequence, not parallel), many of whom also came to North America. Those children spread to many parts of the northeastern colonies. Some (seemingly a large segment) of his children went to Rhode Island, and some to Massachusetts. Of interest to me is the one (though family tradition suggests two) who went to Long Island. That is John Hicks (born 21 October 1605), who apparently moved to or helped found Flushing in 1642. Database of Descendants While trying to connect to Robert, I put together a collection of descendents from a couple sources I found. I still haven't found the connection, but here are the descendents. I should point out that I did not assemble this from primary sources, and some of the information in it is contradicted by other sources. I picked what seemed to be the most common versions of the information. (Use at your own risk, YMMV) You can start at the index or with Robert. If you have any use for it (insert numerous disclaimers here), you may also download the GEDCOM file (46,939 bytes). Copyright 1997, Drew Lawson. [Last updated: 29 October 1997] URL: http://www.furrfu.com/roots/robert_hicks.html drew@furrfu.com Index of Persons 256 individuals, 107 families Aaron HICKS (1736 - ) Abigail HICKS ( - ) Abigail HICKS ( - ) Abigail HICKS ( - ) Abraham HICKS ( - ) Alice HICKS ( - ) Ann HICKS (1720 - ) Ann HICKS ( - ) Benjamin HICKS (c1716 - 1744) Benjamin HICKS ( - ) Benjamin HICKS (1739 - ) Benjamin HICKS (14 Jun 1790 - ) Benjamin HICKS ( - ) Benjamin HICKS (1763 - 1846) Benjamin HICKS (1709 - 9 Jun 1798) Benjamin Franklin HICKS ( - ) Benjamon HICKS (1745 - ) Charity HICKS ( - ) Charles HICKS ( - ) Charlotte HICKS ( - ) Clark HICKS (1749 - ) David HICKS (1773 - 1787) David HICKS (27 Aug 1796 - ) Dorcas HICKS (1652 - ) Elias HICKS (19 Mar 1748 - 27 Feb 1830) Elias HICKS (1774 - 1789) Elisabeth HICKS ( - ) Elisabeth HICKS ( - ) Elisabeth HICKS (24 Apr 1775 - ) Elisabeth HICKS (1771 - ) Elisabeth HICKS ( - ) Elisabeth HICKS (1777 - 1779) Elisabeth HICKS ( - ) Elisabeth HICKS ( - ) Elizabeth HICKS ( - ) Elizabeth HICKS (2 Jan 1812 - ) Elizabeth HICKS (1723 - ) Ephraim HICKS ( - ) Ephraim HICKS ( - ) Ephraim HICKS ( - 12 Dec 1649) Freeborn HICKS ( - ) George HICKS ( - ) Hannah HICKS ( - ) Hannah HICKS ( - ) Isaac HICKS ( - ) Isaac HICKS (1767 - 1820) Isaac HICKS ( - ) Israel HICKS (19 Sep 1734 - 12 Feb 1813) Israel HICKS Jr ( - ) Jabez HICKS (1750 - ) Jacob HICKS (c1669 - 1755) Jacob HICKS ( - ) John HICKS ( - ) John HICKS ( - ) John HICKS ( - ) John HICKS (1789 - 1805) John HICKS ( - ) John HICKS (12 Oct 1605 - 1672) John HICKS (26 Jan 1748 - 11 Aug 1828) John HICKS (c1780 - ) John HICKS (1715 - ) John HICKS (1747 - ) John D HICKS (1791 - 10 Oct 1829) John Russell HICKS (16 Dec 1807- ) Jonathan HICKS (1784 - 1802) Joseph HICKS ( - ) Joseph HICKS ( - ) Lydia HICKS (America - ) Lydia W. HICKS (27 Mar 1805 - ) Margaret HICKS (1654 - ) Margaret HICKS (1718 - ) Martha HICKS (1771 - ) Martha HICKS ( - ) Mary HICKS ( - ) Mary HICKS (1782 - ) Mary HICKS ( - ) Mary HICKS ( - ) Mary HICKS ( - ) Mary HICKS (22 Feb 1775 - ) Mary HICKS (1711 - ) Mehitable HICKS (26 Dec 1813 - ) Mott HICKS ( - ) Oliver HICKS ( - ) Phebe HICKS ( - ) Phebe HICKS (1793 - ) Phebe HICKS ( - ) Phebe HICKS (1779 - ) Phebe HICKS ( - ) Phoebe HICKS (America - ) Robert HICKS (1570-1575 - 1647) Robert HICKS ( - ) Robert M HICKS (1799 - ) Samuel HICKS ( - ) Samuel HICKS (1741 - ) Samuel HICKS (1651 - ) Samuel HICKS ( - ) Samuel HICKS ( - ) Samuel HICKS ( - ) Samuel HICKS (1673 - 1742) Samuel HICKS ( - ) Samuel HICKS (1612 - 1675) Samuel HICKS Jr (15 Aug 1704 - 8 May 1790) Sarah HICKS ( - ) Sarah HICKS (1744 - 1818) Sarah HICKS (1780 - ) Sarah HICKS (1793 - 1835) Sarah HICKS ( - ) Sarah HICKS ( - ) Sarah HICKS ( - ) Sarah HICKS (25 Oct 1607 - ) Silas HICKS (1737 - ) Silas HICKS (1777 - ) Stephen HICKS ( - ) Stephen HICKS ( - ) Stephen HICKS ( - ) Stephen HICKS ( - ) Stephen HICKS ( - ) Susanna HICKS ( - ) Susanna HICKS ( - ) Susanna HICKS (8 Aug 1809 - ) Temperence HICKS (1784 - ) Thomas HICKS ( - ) Thomas HICKS ( - ) Thomas HICKS (1650 - 1698) Thomas HICKS (19 Feb 1603 - ) Thomas HICKS (1640 - ) Thomas HICKS (12 Jun 1735 - ) Thomas HICKS (1705 - ) Thomas HICKS (1739 - ) Thomas HICKS ( - ) Thomas HICKS Jr (1677 - 20 Nov 1759) Valentine HICKS ( - ) Weston HICKS (1707 - ) Whitehead HICKS (1797 - ) William HICKS ( - ) Margaret WINSLOW ( - ) SURNAMES ROBERT HICKS ancestry I need help in researching the ancestry of Robert Hicks (who was a passenger on the ship Fortune (arriving in Plymouth in 1621). I have information that states Robert Hicks was the son of John Hicks of Tortworth County, Gloucester, England. It also states that John of Tortworth was a lineal descendant of Sir Ellis Hicks, who was knighted by Edward, the Black Prince at Poitiers. Sir Ellis is said to have died in 1492. I would like to communicate with anyone who is researching this family. Ron Strout 36 Dunning Blvd Bangor, ME 04401 rstrout@agate.net In a statement recorded on page 301, January 12th, 1756, of the Charleston, South Carolina probate court records, Ludovic states, "It has been about 30 years since I went into the Cherokee country where I have resided ever since. I speak their language." He may have been in South Carolina trading furs and also to register with the colony. By 1756, Georgia, Virginia, South Carolina had enacted laws requiring Indian traders to register. In 1707, one of the first to have his furs confiscated by South Carolina was Robert Hicks Sr. the man I believe was the original Hicks immigrant. Churchill Ancestors in Pre-1600 England The Ancestry Files of the LDS suggests an extensive line for Sarah Hicks, the wife of Joseph Churchill and mother of Barnabas Churchill of Plymouth. If accurate, her line stretches back as far as the 1130's in England to ancestors with French surnames. Sarah's grandmother was Margaret Winslow, half sister of the famous Gov. Edward Winslow of Plymouth. The Winslows appear to have come from Droitwich in Worcestershire. The Winslow line has been documented somewhat extensively and there is some disagreement about their roots. What appears below is the direct line of Barnabas Churchill as stated in the LDS Ancestry File. •William Durvassal (b abt 1134) = ? ? (b abt 1138) •John Durvassal (b abt 1166 Coughton, Warwickshire, Eng) = ?? (b abt 1170 Coughton) •Roger Durvassal (b abt 1193 Coughton, Warwickshire) = Eva De Ewenlode (b 1192 Coughton) •Phillip Durvassal (b abt 1215 Coughton, Warwickshire) = Felicia De Camville (b abt 1217 Coughton) •Thomas Durvassal (b abt 1239 Coughton, Warwickshire) = Margeria ? (b abt 1242 Coughton) •John Durvassal (b abt 1272 Coughton, Warwickshire) = Sybil Corbicon (b abt 1276 Studley, Warwickshire)......Sybil's father was Peter Corbicon (b abt 1244) •Nicholas Durvassal (b abt 1303 Coughton, Warwickshire) = Rose De Montford (b abt 1308 Coughton)......Rose's parents were William De Montford (b 1276) = Angela Holt (b 1280) both of Coughton. •Alianore Durvassal (b abt 1328 Yardley, Warwickshire) = John Holt (b abt 1324 Yardley) Married abt 1351 •Katherine Holt (b 1354 Cocton, Eng) = Guy De La Spine [Baron Coughton] (b 1350 Cocton)....Guy's parents were William De La Spine [Sir Knight] = Alice Burley or Bruley. Cocton is an ancient spelling of Coughton. De La Spine may have been a latinized version of Spine. •Eleanor De La Spine (b abt 1385 Coughton, Warwickshire d aft 1466) = John Throckmorton [Sir Knight] (b abt 1382 Coughton d 12 Apr 1445)....John's Throckmorton line stretches back nine generations to 1146. •Agnes Throckmorton (b abt 1420 Coughton, Warwickshire) = John Wyncelow (b 1400)....John's parents were William Wyncelow (b 1375) = ?? (b 1378) •Thomas Winslow Esq. (b 1452 Burton, Oxford, Eng) = Cecilia Lady Agnes Tansley •William Winslow (living 1529 Kempsey, Worcestershire) = Mary Bucke d aft 1560) •Kenelm Winslow (b 1533/44 Droitwich, Worcestershire d 9 Nov 1607) = Catherine Bucke (b abt 1532 Droitwich d 4 Apr 1607) •Edward Winslow (b 17 Oct 1560 Droitwich, Worcestershire) = Eleanor Pelham (b 1564 Droitwich d abt 1589) •Margaret Winslow (b 1589 d 1665 Plymouth, Ma.) = Robert Hicks (b 1570 Southwich, , England d 24 Mar 1647 Plymouth, Ma) •Samual Hicks (b Aug 1611 Southwich, , Eng d 11 Sep 1645, Plymouth, Ma) = Lydia Doane (b 1629 d 1672/82) •Sarah Hicks (b 1646 Plymouth, Ma d 2 Nov 1688 Plymouth) = Joseph Churchill (b 1646 Plymouth d aft 1715 Plymouth) •Barnabas Churchill (b 3 Jul 1686 Plymouth, m 5 Feb 1714)....See the link below for more information on Churchills at Plymouth Colony. In the Name of God Amen, May 7, 1744, I Frances Hicks of Brunswick Co., being sick and weak but in my perfect senses and memory (for which I glorify God) and being willing to settle my affairs and dispose of my estate do make constitute and appoint this to be my Last Will and Testament in manner and form following: Imprimis I commit my body to be decently interred and my soul in the hands of Almighty God hoping for salvation by and through merits of that Innaculate Lamb my Saviour Jesus Christ the Righteous. Item I give to my son George Hicks one large iron Pott a currying knife a fleshing knife and two satchels. Item I give to my son John Hicks all my horses and mares. Item I give to my son James Hicks six leather chairs six head of cattle and one large iron Pott. Item I give to my son Charles Hicks my slave Hatt and her child Hamme six head of cattle one bed six pewter plates and on table. Item I give to my daughter Frances Ransom two slaves Will and Kate four silver spoons two pewter dishes one pewter basin and one large table. Item I give to my grandaughter Elizabeth Ransom one girl slave named Susy. Item I give to my granddaughter Tabitha Irby one slave name Pepper four silver spoons two pewter dishes six pewter plates and six head of cattle. Item I give to my daughter Rachael Davis one bed a pair of sheets two blankets a large ragg bolster two pillows bedstead and cord four silver spoons two pewter dishes six pewter plates a firetong and shovel and one pewter bason. Item All my wearing clothes I give to my three daughters Frances, Elizabeth and Rachael to be equally divided. Item All the remainder of my estate after my debts are paid I give to my 3 sons George Hicks James Hicks and Charles Hicks to be equally divided between them and I do order that no appraisement to be made of my estate. Item I revoke and make null and void all wills heretofore by me made. Item I constitute and appoint my two sons George Hicks & James Hicks executors of this my Last Will and Testament. In Witness Whereof I have hereunto set my hand and seal the day and year first above written. Signed by Frances Hicks. Signed sealed published and declared in presence of John Wall, Henry Beddingfield, and William Beddingfield. At a court held for Brunswick Co., July 5, 1744, this last Will & Testament of Frances Hicks, widow, deceased was presented in court by James Hicks one of the executors therein named who made oath thereto according to law and the same being proved by the oath of John Wall, Gent., and Henry Beddingfield two of the witnesses thereto and ordered to be recorded on the motion of the said James certificate is granted him for obtaining a probate thereof reserving liberty to George Hicks, Gent., the other executor to join in the executorship if he thinks fit. At a court for Brunswick Co., August 2, 1774, on the motion of George Hicks gent. one of the executors named in the last Will & Testament of Frances Hicks, widow, deceased and his making oath according to law certificate is granted to him for obtaining a probate in conjunction with the said James Hix the other executor in due form. Will Book 2, page 93, Brunswick County, Virginia April the 28th 1708. Present The honble Edmund Jenings Esqr President, Dudley Digges, Benja. Harrison, Robert Carter, John Curtis Esqrs. James Blair, Comry, Philip Ludwell, John Smith, John Lewis and William Churchill, Exqrs. . . Whereas Complaint hath been made to this Board in behalf of Robert Hix, David Crawley and other Indian Traders Inhabitants of this Colony that in the month of September last past the Sd. Complainants being out a trading with the Western Indians & having purchased a considble. quantity of Skins and furrs and left the same in the Towns of a certain nation of Indians called the Usherees, The Governmt. of South Carolina caused all the said skins with diverse other goods belonging to the said Hix and his partners to be seized and carryed to Carolina giveing orders (as the said Hix was informed) at the same time to seize the said Traders in their return and to take from them all they had and to strip them and send them back to Virginia. And that the said Hix haveing afterwards gone to Charles town to know the cause why the Governor had so seized their goods & to endeavour Restitution was obliged to severall weeks attendance and after a considerable expence in presents to the Governor & other persons had orders for Restitution of their goods but that a considerable quantity of the same was still detained without any redress for the same and that at best the Governor of the said province obliged the said Hix to enter into bond under the penalty of five hundred pounds Sterl never to cross Santee River again, and all this without shewing any Reason for so doing This Board takeing the said Complt into Consideration are of the opinion that a letter be written to the Gover of South Carolina to represent to him that this manner of proceeding is altogether new and unprecedented that her Majty first by her royall instructions granted and afterwards confirmed by Law a free trade to all the Inhabitants of this Colony with all Indians whatsoever. That the Council conceive the Government of Carolina have no authority to monopolize all the Indian trade exclusive of her Majties Subjects of her other plantations. That this attempt is so strange and surprizing that we know now what cause to assigne for it, and therefore desire the favour of him to signify to this Governmt whether there be any new authority granted them or other cause happened for intercepting our Trade that was not in being in former years when the inhabitants of this Government enjoyed it without Restraint, and to desire that the bond so extorted may be cancelled and the restriction removed till such pretensions be adjusted, wherein this Board will contribute their endeavour to bring all differences to an amicable conclusion for preserving that good Correspondence that is necessary between Colonys under the same allegiance, but if this way of seizure and interruption is continued this Government can neither in duty to her Majesty nor justice to themselves pass it over, and hope the Government of Carolina will excuse them if they lay their case under her Majestys imediate Consideration and in the mean time use all lawfull ways for righting themselves. Executive Journals, Council of Colonial Virginia, published by The Virginia State Library, H. R. McIlwaine, Editor, 1928, Vol. III, page 177 October the 22d 1708. Present The honble Edmund Jennings Esqr. President. Dudley Digges, William Bassett, Benja Harrison, Henry Duke, Robert Carter Esqrs, Jno Smith, Mr Comry Blair, Jno Lewis, Philip Ludwell, William Churchill Esqrs. A letter from Sr Nathaniel Johnson Deputy Governour of South Carolina dated the 22d of July last in answer to a Letter from Mr President by advice of this board of the 28th of April proceeding relateing to the seizing the goods of Robert Hix and his partners Indian Traders was read in Council and Ordered that an answer be prepared thereof. Executive Journals, Council of Colonial Virginia, published by The Virginia State Library, H. R. McIlwaine, Editor, 1928, Vol. III, page 197. November the 2d 1708. Present The honbl. Edmund Jennings Esqr President, Robert Carter Esqr, John Smith, James Blair, Henry Duke Esq, and William Churchill Esq. For the better clearing the truth in relation to the interruption given our Traders by the Governr of South Carolina, It is ordered that Robert Hix and Crawley draw up an account of the said Governor's proceedings in the seizure of their Skins & Furs and of all Circumstances relateing thereto & make Oath to the same before Collo Harrison. Executive Journals, Council of Colonial Virginia, published by The Virginia State Library, H. R. McIlwaine, Editor, 1928, Vol. III, page 203. April the 27th 1710. Present, The Honble Edmund Jenings esqr President, Dudley Digges, Robert Carter, John Curtis Esqrs, James Blair Comry, Philip Ludwell, William Bassett, Henry Duke, John Smith, John Lewis, William Churchill, and William Byrd Esqrs. . . . Whereas her Majesty hath been graciously pleased by her order in Council bearing date the 26th day of Sept, 1709 to order and direct that the Government of South Carolina do not for the future interrupt or molest the Indian Traders of this Colony passing through that Government and whereas diverse of her Majestys Subjects within this Colony have been discouraged from prosecuteing the said Indian trade by reason of the unwarrantable interruptions and exactions of the Government of Carolina To the end therefore that all her Majtys Subjects may be fully informed of her Majestys gracious concessions in their favour It is Ordered that a proclamation issue to publish the same in the several Countys where the Indian Traders dwell And it is Ordered that a Copy of her Majtys said order in Council be sent to the Governor for the time being of South Carolina and that he be desired pursuant to her Majestys pleasure therein to send hither the bond which was illegally extorted from Robert Hix the Indian Trader in order to its being Chancelled. Executive Journals, Council of Colonial Virginia, published by The Virginia State Library, H. R. McIlwaine, Editor, 1928, Vol. III, page 242. At a Council held at the Capitol the 16th day of October 1713. Present The Honble Alexander Spotswood, her Majesty's Lieutenant Governor &c, James Blair, John Lewis, Henry Duke, William Byrd, John Smith, and William Cocke Esqrs. . . . A Maherine Indian named Mister Thomas being pursuant to the Governor's Orders delivered up by the said Nation for corresponding with the Tuscaruros; And on his examination alledging that he was taken and carryed prisoner by the said Tuscaruros against his Will. It is Ordered that he be delivered to the Greatmen of the said Maherine town to be kept by them, untill it appear how his two Sons who are lately gone in the expedition under the command of Capt Hix shall behave themselves, Or that further proof be made that the said Mister Thomas his Correspondence with the Tuscaruros was involuntary as he pretends. Executive Journals, Council of Colonial Virginia, published by The Virginia State Library, H. R. McIlwaine, Editor, 1928, Vol. III, page 352. October the 29th 1713. Present The Governor, Robert Carter, James Blair, Henry Duke, J. Smith, J. Lewis, Willm Byrd, Wm fitzhugh, Wm Cocke, Esqrs. . . . Capt Robert Hix Commander of the detachment sent out for discovery of the Indian Settlements on the Frontiers of this Collony, this day attended the Governor in Council & brought with him two Great men of the Tuscoruro Town called Tyahooka whom he found with a great body of that Nation on Roanoak River & the said Indians being examined touching the cause of their coming on the Frontiers of this Government & what their intentions are therein They declared that they were forced to the North side of Roanoake River by the So Carolina Indians, that they had no intention to injure any of her Majesties Subjects, but on the contrary they the sd Great men were now sent by the whole body of their Nation dispersed on Roanoak to beg a peace with this Government that they were unwilling to return to North Carolina & had rather become Tributarys to Virginia & therefore desired to know upon what terms they might obtain a peace & enjoy the protection of this Governmt that they may return & communicat the same to their people having now no other power than only to hear what shall be demanded of them in order to establish a peace Whereupon the Council came [to] this unanimous resolution that the offers of the sd Indians to conclude a peace & become Tributaries to this Government be accepted and that the particular places of settling them & the Satisfaction to be demanded for the former hostilities committed by them in Carolina (if any of these Indians shall be found guilty thereof) be refd till Deputies come from them fully empowered to treat of the Severall articles that shall be thought fitt to be insisted on And the sd Indians being acquainted with the Resolution, promised that they & all their Great men would in 20 days time return with full Power to agree to whatever shall be required of them for concluding a peace with this Government & for that purpose desired passports for their more safe travelling hither which were according granted them Whereas Capt Robert Hix & Lieut David Crawly who commanded the detachment of the Tributary Indians Sent out by the Governour to discover the settlements of the Tuscoruros have faithfully discharged the Trust reposed in them & have undergone great fatigue in the execution thereof It is the opinion of this Board & accordingly ordered that their be payed to the sd Hix the summe of £12. & to the sd Crawley the summe of £18 out of the money given by the Assembly for the Assistance of North Carolina as a Reward for their Service. Executive Journals, Council of Colonial Virginia, published by The Virginia State Library, H. R. McIlwaine, Editor, 1928, Vol. III, page 358. Alexander Spotswood, Her Majestys Lieutenant Governor, Vice Admiral and Commander in Chief of the Colony and Diminion of Virginia To Robert Hix, John Evans, David Crawley Richard Jones and Nathaniel Irby Whereas Her Most Sacred Majesty, by her Order in Council, bearing date at the Court at Windsor, the 26th day of September 1709, hath been pleased to signify her Royal Will and pleasure, that the Trade from this Colony with the Western Indians, be carryed on without any Let, hindrance or Molestation whatsoever, and that no dutys be Leveyed or demanded of any of her Majestys' Subjects of this Colony for any Goods or Merchandizes which shall be carryed by them to the said Indians, or back from thense by way of Trade And Whereas You have represented to me that You are now bound out on a Trading Voyage to several nations of Indians to the South West of this Colony, and desired my Passport for your better protection in your going and returning with your goods and merchandizes, I do therefore, hereby give and grant unto you full License and Liberty to trade and traffick with any nation of Indians whatsoever, except the Tuscaroras, and such others as shall be actually in league with them And I do by these presents Signify to all her Majestys' Subjects of the sevl Colonys & plantations through wch you may have occasion to pass, that it is her Matys' will & pleasure that they suffer and permitt you freely and quietly to pass and Repass with your goods and Merchandizes, without any Lett, hindrance or Molestation, on pretense of any Dutys Or Impositions to be demanded for ye same, or any other account whatsoever, Provided always, that you take a Certificate from the naval officer, that the Goods you carry out of this Colony, are such as have been Legally imported here. Given under my hand and the seal of this her Majestys' Colony and Dominion, at Wmsburgh, the Eleventh day of July 1712. Virginia Calendar of State Papers, Volume 1, p. 155-156 Know all men by these presents that we Robert Hix of the County of Surry, John Evans, David Crawley, Richard Jones, & Nathaniel Urven of the County of Prince George, in the Colony of Virginia Securitys are held and firmly bound unto Our Sovereign Lady Anne, by the Grace of God, of Great Brittain, France & Ireland, Queen Defender of the Faith &c, in the sum of Three hundred pounds Sterling, to the which payment, well and truly to be made to our said Lady the Queen, her heirs and successors, We and every of us bind ouselves One & every of our heirs Executors and Administrators, jointly and severally firmly by these presents, Sealed with our Seals, Dated the _____ day of July 1712. The Condition of this Obligation is such, that Whereas, the above bound Robert Hix, John Evans, David Crawley, Richard Jones and Nathaniel Urven have obtained from the honble Alexander Spotswood, her Majty Lieutenant Governor of Virginia a passport or License for Trading with the Western Indians If Therefore, the said Robert Hix, John Evans, & Co shall not by themselves or either of them or their, or either of their servants, during the time of their being out on the present trading Voyage, directly or indirectly trade or Traffick with any of the Tuscarora Indians nor with any other Indians in League or Alliance with them, nor permitt or Suffer such Trading to be carryed on by any person going out in their Company, under the protection of their Passport. And also shall and will well and truly observe & performe all & every the Instructions which shall be given them by her Majestys' said Lieutenant Governor for their better Conduct in the sd Trade, then this Obligation to be void, Or else remain of full force & Virtue. Signed sealed & Delivered in present of . . . Calendar of Virginia State Papers and other Manuscripts, 1652-1781 Preserved in the Capitol at Richmond, ed. William P. Palmer, M.D., Vol.1, pgs. 155-156, Richmond 1875. (reprint of the Virginia State Library, 1968, Kraus Reprint Corporation). Commonwealth of Virginia, Mecklenburg County, to wit On the 22nd day of August 1832, personally appeared in open Court, before the County Court of the said county of Mecklenburg, in the state aforesaid, now sitting Daniel Hicks Senr. resident of the said County and State afsd. upwards of seventy years, his precise age not being known, the tories having burnt his fathers house & with its ____ rep__ter, who being first duly sworn according to law, doth on this oath make the following declaration, in order to obtain the benefit of the Act of Congress passed June 7, 1832. That, he thinks as well as he can now remember, in the year 1778, being then a resident of Cheraw District, State of South Carolina, he volunteered under Cap. Thomas Ellerbee, whose company formed part of the Regiment commanded by Col. George Hicks, and marched to Hadbys point near Charleston that after remembering then some time he was removed to Fort Johnson on James's Stand also near Charleston and continued there ________ for six months, from the time of entering the service, when he was discharged. That the year being 1779, he again volunteered under the same Cap. Thomas Ellerbee, whose company formed part of the Regiment commanded by Col. Rob. Lloyd, being still a resident of Cheraw aforesaid; did marched to Range t_____ _____ in; from thence he was marched to Black Swamp, and then joined the troops under the command of Gen. _______ Lincon; that Gen Lincon left the troops of which he formed a part at Black Swamp, as a guard; and after remaining there some ______ then ______ troops were divided into that part to which he was attached marched to P_____burg about 23 miles above Savannah or Savannah River, where Col. Henderson took the command of the troops. But he remained there until the British troops crossed the Savannah, at P____burg and Black Swamp, into S. Carolina, when he was again united with the troops at Black Swamp, Col. Moris Simmons having the command, and retreated before the enemy into Charleston - arriving in Charleston Gen. Monterey assumed the command. That, he was discharged in Charleston after the expiration of another tour of six months duty. That, in the latter ___ of 1779, in the beginning of 1780, which he cannot be positive, being still a resident of the said district & state, he again volunteered under Cap. Trust Thomas, whose company composed part of the Regiment Commanded by Col. Len. Binton and marched to Georgetown, in the said State of S. Carolina, where he remained some time from thence they marched to Zublas ferry on Santee River, Col. Bluford's Regiment being at the same place; and white (lying) there, Col Whites defeats took place on the opposite side of the river that from Thence he marched down Santee to Lynch's C____ and remained there until the surrender of Charleston; after which _______ took the command marched back to Cheraw _____ the way of George Town upon arriving at Cheraw the news of Blufords defeat met the troops when _______ the command being about that time almost overrun by the Briti___ ___________ of six months when they were discharged. That in 1780 the British having driven the whig on _______________ from that part of South Carolina i_ fathers return _______ wh___ he had imigrated the declarant who followed his father to Virginia and found him at Hicks ford in the County of Brunswick and after having pressed horse he with ten or twelve more hastened back to the South to _____ and the day before they would have joined him he was defeated near Camden South Carolina, that finding Gates was defeated he returned to Cheraw where small parties were formed of twenty and thirty men each corp choosing ________ protect ______ people & property from the tories with __ that _______ _______ and he continued on this ________ about nine months; that he was constantly on duty during that time and once joined Gen. Marion and remained with him for two weeks. That he was ______ general __ Payment but was in every ___ on the wheat to Charleston at Corn_____ and servants __________________________ no written discharge in was in_____. That _____ moved from South Carolina, back to Virginia some six or eight years after __________________________________________________ in the County of Mecklenburg, State of Virginia ___________________ with the exception of five years ___ the adjoining _________________________ North Carolina he __________________________. We Mark Alexander and Charles Baskins _____ in the same County of Mecklenburg certify that we are well acquainted with Daniel Hicks Senr. who has subscribed & Sworn to the above declaration; that we believe him to be upwards of seventy years of age; that he is _______ that we concur in that opinion sworn to & subscribed the day & year aforesaid. I William Steele also residing in the same County being a clergyman hereby certify that I am acquainted with Daniel Hicks Senr. who has subscribed & Sworn to the above declaration that I believe him to upwards of seventy years of age, that he is _______ where he reside to have been solder of the Revolution, and that i concur in that opinion sworn and subscribed the day & year aforesaid. William Steel. State of Virginia County of Mecklenburg On this the 14th day of April A.D. One Thousand eight hundred and fifty five personally appeared before me a Justice of the peace within and for the County & State aforesaid Daniel Hicks Sr. aged Ninety Five Years a resident of Mecklenburg in the State of Virginia who being duly sworn according to law declares that he is the identical person who was a revolutionary soldier in the Company Commanded by Captain Trust Thomas in the regiment of Commanded by Col. Lemuel Benton in the war with Great Britain declared by the United States on the day of 1776 that he enlisted at Cheraw, SC on or about the day of A.D. 1778 for the term of Six Months and continued in actual service in Said war for the term of fourteen days and was honorably discharged at Near George Town, SC on the day of May A.D. 1780. He makes this declaration for the purpose of obtaining the bounty land to which he may be entitled under the act approved March 3rd 1855. He also declares that he has not received a warrant for bounty land under this or any other act of Congress, nor made any other application therefore. Signed by Daniel Hicks Sr., by is Mark.

The Generations

1st Generation
2nd Generation - Avery "Henderson" Mann and Bertha Elizabeth Miller Mann
3rd Generation - David Sproul & Elizabeth Miller Mann - George & Martha Wilson Miller - Able & Mollie Jackson - "Eu-nau-le" & "Cun-nu-cha-te"
4th Generation - Avery Vann & Susannah Spaniard Miller - Richard Carey "R.K." & Elzira Wilson nee Hicks Mann - John A. & Nancy J. Miller - "Cul-lau-noo-has-ke" & "A-kin-ne"
5th Generation - Andrew & Catherine Hicks Miller - Frank & Hannah "Oo-wah-de-yah-hih" Spaniard - William & Peggy Wilson
6th Generation - Chief Charles Renatus Hicks & Lydia "Chiuke" Halfbreed Hicks - David & Nannie "N-wa-lee-ya-he" Otterlifter Miller
7th Generation - Nathan & Nancy Broom Hicks - Chief Halfbreed & "Gu-w-li-si" - Otterlifter & Susannah Harlan Otterlifter
8th Generation - Chief Broom & Nancy Elizabeth Broom - Ellis & Catherine Kingfisher Harlan - Robert & Mary Ellige Hicks
9th Generation - Ezekial & Hannah Oborn Harlan Jr. - Kingfisher & "Na-ni" aka "Ghi-ga-U" aka Nancy Ward Beloved Woman - Dutch Tauchee Broom & Nancy F. Clan Broom - James & Judith Collier Hicks
10th Generation - Ezekial & Ruth Buffington Harlan - "Skayagustuegwo" & "Tame Doe" - Robert & Elizabeth Irvin Hicks Jr.
12th Generation - James Harlan & Unknown - Thomas Bovinton Jr. & Ann
13th Generation - William Harlan & Unknown - Thomas & Joan Harberd Bovington
Hamilton Guide Service

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