World History - Dates
World History - Dates
Battles
- Marathon 490 B.C.
- Salamis 480 B.C.
- Zama 202 B.C.
- Actium 31 B.C.
- Teutoberg Forest 9 A.D.
- Adrianople 378
- Châlons 451
- Tours 732
- Hastings 1066
- Bannockburn 1314
- Crécy 1346
- Poitiers 1356
- Agincourt 1415
- Siege of Orléans 1428-1429
- Siege of Constantinople 1453
- Bosworth Field 1485
- Lepanto 1571
- Armada 1588
- Naseby 1645
- Boyne 1690
- Blenheim 1704
- Poltava 1709
- Plassey 1757
- Quebec 1759
- Saratoga 1777
- Yorktown 1781
- Trafalgar 1805
- Austerlitz 1805
- Jena and Auerstädt 1806
- Leipzig 1813
- Waterloo 1815
- Gettysburg 1863
- Vicksburg 1863
- Sedan 1870
- Marne 1914
- Verdun 1916
- Jutland 1916
- Somme 1916
- Britain 1940
- Coral Sea 1942
- Midway 1942
- El Alamein 1942
- Stalingrad 1942-1943
- Normandy 1944
- Bulge 1944-1945
- Inchon 1950
- Dien Bien Phu 1954
Wars
- American War of Independence 1775-1783
- War of the Austrian Succession 1740-1748
- Boer War 1899-1902
- American Civil War 1861-1865
- English Civil War 1642-1646
- Nigerian Civil War 1967-1970
- Spanish Civil War 1936-1939
- Crimean War 1853-1856
- First Crusade 1096-9
- Second Crusade 1147-8
- Third Crusade 1189-92
- Fourth Crusade 1202-4
- Fifth Crusade 1217-21
- Sixth Crusade 1228-9
- Seventh Crusade 1248-54
- Eighth Crusade 1270-2
- Falklands War 1982
- Franco-Prussian War 1870-1871
- Hundred Years War 1337-1453
- Iran-Iraq War 1980-88
- Korean War 1950-1953
- War of the League of Augsburg 1688-97
- Mexican-American War 1846-1848
- Napoleonic Wars 1792-1815
- October War 1973
- Peloponnesian War 431-404 B.C.
- Persian Gulf War 1991
- Punic Wars 264-146 B.C.
- Seven Years War 1756-1763
- Six-Day War 1967
- Spanish-American War 1898
- War of the Spanish Succession 1701-1713
- Thirty Years War 1618-1648
- Vietnam War 1956-1975
- War of 1812 1812-1814
- Wars of the Roses 1455-1485
- World War I 1914-1918
- World War II 1939-1945
Dynasties
Chinese
- Shang dynasty 1700-1028 B.C.
- Chou dynasty 1027-207 B.C.
- Han dynasty 206 B.C. - 220 A.D.
- Six dynasties 220-589
- Sui dynasty 589-618
- T'ang dynasty 618-960
- Northern and Southern Sung dynasties 960-1279
- Yuan dynasty 1280-1368
- Ming dynasty 1368-1644
- Ch'ing dynasty 1644-1916
French
- Merovingian dynasty 486-751
- Carolingian dynasty 751-987
- Capetian dynasty 987-1328
- Valois dynasty 1328-1589
- Bourbon dynasty 1589-1792
Rulers of the Roman Empire
- Augustus 27 B.C. - 14 A.D.
- Tiberius 14-37 A.D.
- Caligula 37-41 A.D.
- Claudius 41-54 A.D.
- Nero 54-68 A.D.
- Vespasian 69-79
- Titus 79-81
- Domitian 81-96
- Nerva 96-8
- Trajan 98-117
- Hadrian 117-138
- Antoninus Pius 138-161
- Marcus Aurelius 161-180
- Commodus 180-192
- Pertinax 193
- Didius Julianus 193
- Septimus Severus 193-211
- Caracalla 211-17
- Geta 211-12
- Macrinus 217-18
- Heliogabalus 218-22
- Alexander Severus 222-35
- Maximin 235-8
- Gordian I and Gordian II, Balbinus, Pupienus 238
- Gordian III 238-44
- Philip 244-9
- Decius 249-51
- Hostilianus 251
- Gallus 251-3
- Aemilianus 253
- Valerian 253-60
- Gallienus 253-68
- Claudius II 268-70
- Aurelian 270-5
- Tacitus 275-6
- Florianus 276
- Probus 276-82
- Carus 282-3
- Carinus 283-5
- Numerianus 283-4
- Diocletian 284-305
- Maximian 286-305
- Constantius I 305-6
- Galerius 305-10
- Maximin 308-13
- Licinius 308-24
- Maxentius 306-12
- Constantine I (The Great) 306-37
- Constantine II 337-40
- Magnentius 350-3
- Julian 361-3
- Jovian 363-4
- Valentinian I 364-75
- Valens 364-78
- Grantian 375-83
- Maximus 383-8
- Valentinian II 375-92
- Eugenius 392-4
- Theodosius I (The Great) 375-95
- Arcadius 395-408
- Theodosius II 408-50
- Marcian 450-7
- Leo I 457-74
- Leo II 474
- Honorius 395-423
- Maximus 409-11
- Constantius III 421
- Valentinian III 425-55
- Petronius Maximus 455
- Avitus 455-6
- Majorian 457-61
- Libius Severus 461-5
- Anthemius 467-72
- Olybrius 472
- Glycerius 473-4
- Julius Nepos 474-5
- Romulus Augustus 475-6
Rulers of England and Great Britain
Saxons
- Egbert 827-839
- Ethelwulf 839-858
- Ethelbald 858-860
- Ethelbert 860-865
- Ethelred I 865-871
- Alfred the Great 871-899
- Edward the Elder 899-924
- Athelstan 924-939
- Edmund 939-946
- Edred 946-955
- Edwy 955-959
- Edgar 959-975
- Edward the Martyr 975-978
- Ethelred II the Unready 978-1016
- Edmund Ironside 1016
Danes
- Canute 1016-1035
- Harold I Harefoot 1035-1040
- Hardicanute 1040-1042
Saxons
- Edward the Confessor 1042-1066
- Harold II 1066
House of Normandy
- William I the Conqueror 1066-1087
- William II 1087-1100
- Henry I 1100-1135
- Stephen 1135-1154
House of Plantagenet
- Henry II 1154-1189
- Richard I 1189-1199
- John 1199-1216
- Henry III 1216-1272
- Edward I 1272-1307
- Edward II 1307-1327
- Edward III 1327-1377
- Richard II 1377-1399
House of Lancaster
- Henry IV 1399-1413
- Henry V 1413-1422
- Henry VI 1422-1461
House of York
- Edward IV 1461-1483
- Edward V 1483
- Richard III 1483-1485
House of Tudor
- Henry VII 1485-1509
- Henry VIII 1509-1547
- Edward VI 1547-1553
- Mary I 1553-1558
- Elizabeth I 1558-1603
House of Stuart
- James I 1603-1625
- Charles I 1625-1649
Commonwealth 1649-1660
- Oliver Cromwell (Lord Protector) 1653-1658
- Richard Cromwell (Lord Protector) 1658-1659
House of Stuart (restored)
- Charles II 1660-1685
- James II 1685-1688
- William III 1689-1702 and Mary II 1689-1694
- Anne 1702-1714
House of Hanover
- George I 1714-1727
- George II 1727-1760
- George III 1760-1820
- George IV 1820-1830
- William IV 1830-1837
- Victoria 1837-1901
House of Saxe-Coburg
House of Windsor
- George V 1910-1936
- Edward VIII 1936
- George VI 1936-1952
- Elizabeth II 1952-
Rulers of France
- Hugh Capet 987-996
- Robert II, the Pious 996-1031
- Henri I 1031-1060
- Philip I 1060-1108
- Louis VI, the Fat 1108-1137
- Louis VII, the Young 1137-1180
- Philip II Augustus 1180-1223
- Louis VIII 1223-1226
- Louis IX, Saint Louis 1226-1270
- Philip III, the Bold 1270-1285
- Philip IV, the Fair 1285-1314
- Louis X 1314-1316
- John I 1316
- Philip V 1316-1322
- Charles IV 1322-1328
- Philip VI 1328-1350
- John II 1350-1364
- Charles V 1364-1380
- Charles VI 1380-1422
- Charles VII 1422-1461
- Louis XI 1461-1483
- Charles VIII 1483-1498
- Louis XII 1498-1515
- François I 1515-1547
- Henri II 1547-1559
- François II 1559-1560
- Charles IX 1560-1574
- Henri III 1574-1589
- Henri IV 1589-1610
- Louis XIII 1610-1643
- Louis XIV 1643-1715
- Louis XV 1715-1774
- Louis XVI 1774-1792
- The First Republic 1792-1804
- Napoleon I (Emperor) 1804-1814
- Louis XVIII 1814-1824
- Charles X 1824-1830
- Louis Philippe 1830-1848
- The Second Republic 1848-1852
- Napoleon III (Emperor) 1852-1870
Rulers of Russia
- Ivan III the Great 1462-1505
- Vasily III 1505-1533
- Ivan IV the Terrible 1533-1584
- Fedor I 1584-1598
- Boris Godunov 1598-1605
- Time of Troubles 1604-1613
- Michael Romanov 1613-1645
- Alexis 1645-1676
- Fedor III 1676-1682
- Peter I the Great 1682-1725
- Catherine I 1725-1727
- Peter II 1727-1730
- Anna Ivanovna 1730-1740
- Ivan VI 1740-1741
- Elizabeth 1741-1762
- Peter III 1762
- Catherine II the Great 1762-1796
- Paul I 1796-1801
- Alexander I 1801-1825
- Nicholas I 1825-1855
- Alexander II 1855-1881
- Alexander III 1881-1894
- Nicholas II 1894-1917
U.S. Presidents
- George Washington 1789-1797
- John Adams 1797-1801
- Thomas Jefferson 1801-1809
- James Madison 1809-1817
- James Monroe 1817-1825
- John Quincy Adams 1825-1829
- Andrew Jackson 1829-1837
- Martin Van Buren 1837-1841
- William Henry Harrison 1841
- John Tyler 1841-1845
- James K. Polk 1845-1849
- Zachary Taylor 1849-1850
- Millard Fillmore 1850-1853
- Franklin Pierce 1853-1857
- James Buchanan 1857-1861
- Abraham Lincoln 1861-1865
- Andrew Johnson 1865-1869
- Ulysses S. Grant 1869-1877
- Rutherford B. Hayes 1877-1881
- James A. Garfield 1881
- Chester A. Arthur 1881-1885
- Grover Cleveland 1885-1889
- Benjamin Harrison 1889-1893
- Grover Cleveland 1893-1897
- William McKinley 1897-1901
- Theodore Roosevelt 1901-1909
- William H. Taft 1909-1913
- Woodrow Wilson 1913-1921
- Warren G. Harding 1921-1923
- Calvin Coolidge 1923-1929
- Herbert Hoover 1929-1933
- Franklin D. Roosevelt 1933-1945
- Harry S. Truman 1945-1953
- Dwight D. Eisenhower 1953-1961
- John F. Kennedy 1961-1963
- Lyndon B. Johnson 1963-1969
- Richard M. Nixon 1969-1974
- Gerald R. Ford 1974-1977
- James Earl (Jimmy) Carter 1977-1981
- Ronald Reagan 1981-1989
- George Bush 1989-1992
- William Jefferson (Bill) Clinton 1992-2001
- George W. Bush 2001-2009
- Barack Obama 2009-2017
- Donald J. Trump 2009-2021
- Joseph Biden 2021-
Artists
14th Century
Italy
15th Century
Italy
- Donatello (1386-1466)
- Fra Angelico (1400-1455)
- Sandro Botticelli (1444-1510)
Netherlands
- Jan van Eyck (1390-1441)
- Heironymus Bosch (1450-1518)
16th Century
Italy
- Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519)
- Michelangelo (1475-1564)
- Raphael (1483-1520)
- Titian (1490-1576)
- Jacopo Tintoretto (1518-1594)
- Benvenuto Cellini (1500-1571)
- Paolo Veronese (1528-1588)
Germany
- Mathis Grünewald (1460-1528)
- Albrecht Dürer (1471-1528)
- Lucas Cranach the Elder (1472-1553)
- Albrecht Altdorfer (1489-1538)
- Hans Holbein the Younger (1497-1543)
The Netherlands
- Pieter Bruegel (1525-1569)
Spain
17th Century
Italy
Flanders
- Peter Paul Rubens (1577-1640)
- Anthony van Dyck (1599-1641)
Spain
- Diego Velázquez (1599-1660)
- Bartolomé Estebán Murillo (1617-1682)
The Netherlands
- Frans Hals (1581-1666)
- Rembrandt van Rijn (1606-1669)
- Jan Steen (1626-1679)
- Johannes Vermeer (1632-1675)
18th Century
France
- Jean-Antoine Watteau (1684-1721)
- François Boucher (1703-1770)
- Jean-Honoré Fragonard (1732-1806)
England
- William Hogarth (1697-1764)
- Joshua Reynolds (1723-1792)
- Thomas Gainsborough (1727-1788)
- William Blake (1757-1827)
America
- John Singleton Copley (1738-1815)
19th Century
Spain
- Francisco de Goya (1746-1828)
England
- Joseph Mallord William Turner (1775-1851)
- John Constable (1776-1837)
- Dante Gabriel Rossetti (1828-1882)
United States
- Washington Allston (1779-1843)
- Asher B. Durand (1796-1886)
- Mary Cassatt (1844-1926)
- Thomas Eakins (1844-1916)
- John Singer Sargent (1856-1925)
- Winslow Homer (1836-1910)
- Albert Pinkham Ryder (1846-1917)
- James Abbott McNeill Whistler (1834-1903)
The Netherlands
- Vincent van Gogh (1853-1890)
France
- Jacques Louis David (1748-1825)
- Théodore Géricault (1791-1824)
- Eugéne Delacroix (1798-1863)
- Jean Auguste Dominique Ingres (1780-1867)
- Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot (1796-1875)
- Jean-François Millet (1814-1875)
- Gustave Courbet (1819-1877)
- Edouard Manet (1832-1883)
- Honoré Daumier (1808-1879)
- Claude Monet (1840-1926)
- Pierre Auguste Renoir (1841-1919)
- Edgar Degas (1834-1917)
- Georges Seurat (1859-1891)
- Alfred Sisley (1839-1899)
- Camille Pissarro (1830-1903)
- Paul Cézanne (1839-1906)
- Paul Gauguin (1848-1903)
- Henri Toulouse-Lautrec (1864-1901)
- Auguste Rodin (1840-1917)
Composers
Baroque
- Claudio Monteverdi (1567-1643)
- Antonio Corelli (1653-1713)
- Antonio Scarlatti (1660-1725)
- Antonio Vivaldi (1675-1741)
- Domenico Scarlatti (1685-1757)
- Heinrich Schütz (1585-1672)
- Dietrich Buxtehude (1637-1707)
- Johann Pachelbel (1653-1706)
- Georg Phillipp Telemann (1681-1767)
- J.S. Bach (1685-1750)
- François Couperin (1668-1733)
- Jean-Philippe Rameau (1683-1764)
- Henry Purcell (1659-1695)
- George Frideric Handel (1685-1759)
Classical
- Franz Joseph Haydn (1732-1809)
- Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756-1791)
- Ludwig van Beethoven (1770-1827)
- Franz Schubert (1797-1828)
Romantic
Early Romantic
- Carl Maria von Weber (1786-1826)
- Hector Berlioz (1803-1969)
- Felix Mendelssohn (1809-1847)
- Robert Schumann (1810-1856)
- Frédéric Chopin (1810-1849)
Middle Romantic
- Franz Liszt (1811-1886)
- Richard Wagner (1813-1883)
- César Franck (1822-1890)
- Bedrich Smetana (1824-1884)
- Johannes Brahms (1833-1897)
- Edvard Grieg (1843-1907)
- Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky (1840-1893)
- Antonin Dvorák (1841-1904)
Late Romantic
- Edward Elgar (1857-1934)
- Gustav Mahler (1860-1911)
- Richard Strauss (1864-1949)
- Gustav Holst (1874-1934)
Philosophers
- Thales of Miletus (c.624-546 B.C.)
- Anaximander (c. 610-546 B.C.)
- Anaximenes (c. 585-528 B.C.)
- Pythagoras (c. 571-496 B.C.)
- Heraclitus of Ephesus (c.544-484 B.C.)
- Parmenides (c. 501 B.C.)
- Zeno of Elea (c. 490-430 B.C.)
- Socrates (470-399 B.C.)
- Plato (427-347 B.C.)
- Aristotle (384-322 B.C.)
- Plotinus (205-270 A.D.)
- Augustine of Hippo (354-430 A.D.)
- Moses Maimonides (1135-1204)
- St. Thomas Aquinas (1225-1274)
- John Duns Scotus (c.1265-1308)
- Meister Eckhart (1260-1327)
- William of Ockham (c.1285-1349)
- Niccolo di Bernardo del Machiavelli (1469-1527)
- Sir Thomas More (1478-1535)
- Francis Bacon (1561-1626)
- Galileo Galilei (1564-1642)
- Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679)
- René Descartes (1596-1650)
- Benedict de Spinoza (1632-1677)
- Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (1646-1716)
- John Locke (1632-1704)
- George Berkeley (1685-1753)
- David Hume (1711-1777)
- Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712-1778)
- Immanuel Kant (1724-1804)
- Jeremy Bentham (1748-1832)
- Johann Gottlieb Fichte (1762-1814)
- Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling (1775-1854)
- Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (1770-1831)
- Arthur Schopenhauer (1788-1860)
- John Stuart Mill (1806-1873)
- Soren Kierkegaard (1813-1855)
- Karl Marx (1818-1883)
- Charles Sanders Peirce (1839-1914)
- William James (1842-1910)
- Friedrich Nietzsche (1844-1900)
- Henri Bergson (1859-1941)
- John Dewey (1859-1952)
- Bertrand Russell (1872-1970)
- George Edward Moore (1873-1958)
- Ludwig Wittgenstein (1889-1951)
- Martin Heidegger (1889-1976)
- Rudolf Carnap (1891-1970)
- Jean-Paul Sartre (1905-1980)
Novelists
- Daniel Defoe (1660-1731)
- Jonathan Swift (1667-1745)
- Jane Austen (1775-1817)
- Mary Wallstonecraft Shelley (1797-1851)
- Stendhal (Marie Henri Beyle, 1788-1842)
- Honoré de Balzac (1799-1850)
- Victor Hugo (1802-1885)
- Alexandre Dumas (1802-1870)
- Charles Dickens (1812-1870)
- George Eliot (1819-1880)
- William Makepeace Thackeray (1811-1863)
- Anthony Trollope (1815-1882)
- Charlotte Brontë (1816-1855)
- Emily Brontë (1818-1848)
- Gustave Flaubert (1821-1880)
- Fyodor Dostoyevsky (1821-1881)
- Nathaniel Hawthorne (1802-1864)
- Herman Melville (1819-1891)
- Leo Tolstoy (1828-1910)
- Lewis Carroll (Charles Lutwidge Dodgson, 1832-1898)
- Thomas Hardy (1840-1928)
- Emile Zola (1841-1902)
- Henry James (1843-1916)
- Robert Louis Stevenson (1850-1894)
- Joseph Conrad (1857-1924)
- John Galsworthy (1867-1933)
- Marcel Proust (1871-1922)
- Stephen Crane (1871-1900)
- William Somerset Maugham (1874-1965)
- Thomas Mann (1875-1955)
- Hermann Hesse (1877-1962)
- Franza Kafka (1883-1924)
- Edward Morgan Forster (1879-1970)
- James Joyce (1882-1941)
- Virginia Woolf (1882-1941)
- David Herbert Lawrence (1885-1930)
- F. Scott Fitzgerald (1896-1940)
- William Faulkner (1897-1962)
- Aldous Huxley (1894-1963)
- Ernest Hemingway (1899-1961)
- John Steinbeck (1902-1968)
- Simone De Beauvoir (1908-1986)
- William Golding (1911-1993)
- Saul Bellow (1915- )
- Heinrich Böll (1917-1985)
- George Orwell (1903-1950)
- Richard Wright (1908-1960)
- Albert Camus (1913-1960)
- Gabriel García Márquez (1927-2014)
Poets
- Dante Alighieri (1265-1321)
- Petrarch (Francesco Petrarca, 1304-1374)
- Giovanni Bocaccio (1313-1375)
- Geoffrey Chaucer (1343-1400)
- Miguel de Cervantes (1547-1616)
- Edmund Spenser (1552-1599)
- William Shakespeare (1564-1616)
- John Donne (1572-1631)
- John Milton (1608-1674)
- Alexander Pope (1688-1744)
- Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1749-1832)
- William Wordsworth (1770-1850)
- Samuel Taylor Coleridge (1772-1834)
- George Gordon Byron (1788-1824)
- Percy Bysshe Shelley (1792-1822)
- John Keats (1795-1821)
- Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803-1882)
- Elizabeth Barrett Browning (1806-1861)
- Alfred, Lord Tennyson (1809-1892)
- Edgar Allan Poe (1809-1849)
- Walt Whitman (1819-1892)
- Charles Baudelaire (1821-1867)
- Emily Dickinson (1830-1886)
- Gerard Manley Hopkins (1844-1889)
- William Butler Yeats (1865-1939)
- Robert Frost (1874-1963)
- Rainer Maria Rilke (1875-1926)
- Wallace Stevens (1879-1955)
- Ezra Pound (1885-1972)
- Thomas Stearns Eliot (1888-1965)
- Langston Hughes (1902-1967)
- Wystan Hugh Auden (1907-1973)
- Theodore Roethke (1908-1963)
- Dylan Thomas (1914-1953)
- Sylvia Plath (1832-1963)
Playwrights
- Aeschylus (c.525-456 B.C.)
- Sophocles (c.496-406 B.C.)
- Euripides (c.480-406 B.C.)
- Aristophanes (c.448-380 B.C.)
- Christopher Marlowe (1564-1593)
- William Shakespeare (1564-1616)
- Ben Jonson (1572-1637)
- Lope Félix de Vega (1562-1635)
- Pedro Calderón de la Barca (1600-1681)
- Pierre Corneille (1606-1684)
- Molière (Jean-Baptiste Poquelin, 1622-1673)
- Jean Racine (1639-1699)
- John Webster (1580-1634)
- John Dryden (1611-1700)
- William Congreve (1670-1729)
- Pierre Auguste Caron de Beaumarchais (1732-1799)
- Friedrich von Schiller (1759-1805)
- Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1749-1832)
- Oliver Goldsmith (1731-1774)
- Richard Brinsley Sheridan (1751-1816)
- Alexander Sergeivich Pushkin (1799-1837)
- Nikolai Gogol (1809-1852)
- Ivan Turgenev (1818-1883)
- Georg Büchner (1813-1837)
- Henrik Ibsen (1828-1906)
- Anton Chekhov (1860-1904)
- Maxim Gorky (1868-193)
- August Strindberg (1849-1912)
- Oscar Wilde (1854-1900)
- George Bernard Shaw (1856-1950)
- Luigi Pirandello (1867-1936)
- Eugene O'Neill (1888-1953)
- Federico García Lorca (1898-1936)
- Bertolt Brecht (1898-1956)
- Noel Coward (1899-1973)
- Eugène Ionesco (1912-1994)
- Samuel Beckett (1906-1989)
- Thornton Wilder (1897-1975)
- Tennessee(Thomas Lanier) Williams (1911-1983)
- Lorraine Hansberry (1930-1965)
- August Wilson (1945-2005)
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