| MINNESOTA
RULES OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE - COMPLAINTS:
By Rule 2.01 the complaint
shall consist of a written signed statement of the essential facts
constituting the offense charged. This language is taken from
F.R.Crim.P. 3. (Present Minnesota statutory law (Minn. Stat.
§§ 629.42, 633.03 (1971)) simply provides for the complaint
of an offense to be reduced to writing, but does not specify what
the complaint shall contain.) The complaint shall otherwise
conform to the provisions of Rules 17.02, 17.03. Minn. Stat.
§§ 487.25, subd. 3; 488A.10, subd. 3, and 488A.27,
subd. 3 govern the procedure for the issuance of complaints in the
County Courts, Hennepin County Municipal Court and St. Paul Municipal
Court, respectively, but also do not specify what the complaint
shall contain.
Rule 17.02 Nature and Contents
Subd. 1. Complaint. A complaint shall be substantially
in the form prescribed by Rule 2.
Subd. 2. Indictment. An indictment shall contain a written
statement of the essential facts constituting the offense charged.
It shall be signed by the foreperson of the grand jury.
Subd. 3. Indictment and Complaint. The indictment or
complaint shall state for each count the citation of the statute,
rule, regulation or other provision of law which the defendant is
alleged to have violated. Error in the citation or its omission
shall not be ground for dismissal or for reversal of a conviction
if the error or omission did not prejudice the defendant.
Each count may charge only one offense. Allegations made in
one count may be incorporated by reference in another count.
An indictment or complaint may, but need not, contain counts for
the different degrees of the same offense, or for any of such degrees,
or counts for lesser or other included offenses, or for any of such
offenses. The same indictment or complaint may contain counts
for murder, and also for manslaughter, or different degrees of manslaughter.
When the offense may have been committed by the use of different
means, the indictment or complaint may allege in one count the means
of committing the offense in the alternative or that the means by
which the defendant committed the offense are unknown.
Subd. 4. Bill of Particulars. The bill of particulars
is abolished.
Subd. 5. Indictment and Complaint Forms--Felony and Gross Misdemeanors.
For all indictments and complaints charging a felony or gross misdemeanor
offense the prosecuting attorney or such judge or judicial officer
authorized by law to issue process pursuant to Rule 2.02 shall use
an appropriate form authorized and supplied by the State Court Administrator
or a word processor-produced complaint or indictment form in compliance
with the supplied form and approved by Information Systems Office,
State Court Administration. If for any reason such form is
unavailable, failure to comply with this rule shall constitute harmless
error under Rule 31.01.
Rule 17.06 Motions Attacking
Indictment, Complaint or Tab Charge
Subd. 1. Defects in Form. No indictment, complaint or
tab charge shall be dismissed nor shall the trial, judgment or other
proceedings thereon be affected by reason of a defect or imperfection
in matters of form which does not tend to prejudice the substantial
rights of the defendant.
Subd. 2. Motion to Dismiss or for Appropriate Relief.
All objections to an indictment, complaint or tab charge shall be
made by motion as provided by Rule 10.01 and may be based on the
following grounds without limitation:
(1) Indictment.
(a) The evidence admissible before the grand jury was not sufficient
as required by these rules to establish the offense charged or any
lesser or other included offense or any offense of a lesser degree;
(b) The grand jury was illegally constituted;
(c) The grand jury proceeding was conducted before fewer than 16
grand jurors;
(d) Fewer than 12 grand jurors concurred in the finding of the indictment;
(e) The indictment was not found or returned as required by law;
(f) An unauthorized person was in the grand jury room during the
presentation of evidence upon the charge contained in the indictment
or during the deliberations or voting of the grand jury upon the
charge.
(2) Indictment, Complaint or Tab Charge. In the case
of an indictment, complaint or tab charge:
(a) The indictment, complaint or tab charge does not substantially
comply with the requirements prescribed by law to the prejudice
of the substantial rights of the defendant;
(b) The court lacks jurisdiction of the offense charged;
(c) The law defining the offense charged is unconstitutional or
otherwise invalid;
(d) In the case of an indictment or complaint, that the facts stated
do not constitute an offense;
(e) The prosecution is barred by the statute of limitations;
(f) The defendant has been denied a speedy trial;
(g) There exists some other jurisdictional or legal impediment to
prosecution or conviction of the defendant for the offense charged,
except as provided by Rule 10.02;
(h) Double jeopardy, collateral estoppel, or that prosecution is
barred by Minn. Stat. § 609.035.
Subd. 3. Time for Motion. A motion to dismiss the indictment,
complaint or tab charge shall be made within the time prescribed
by Rule 10.04, subd. 1 except that an objection to the jurisdiction
of the court over the offense or that the indictment, complaint
or tab charge fails to charge an offense may be made at any time
during the pendency of the proceeding.
Subd. 4. Effect of Determination of Motion to Dismiss.
(1) Motion Denied. If a motion to dismiss the indictment,
complaint or tab charge is determined adversely to the defendant,
the defendant shall be permitted to plead if the defendant has not
previously pleaded. A plea previously entered shall stand.
The defendant in a misdemeanor case may continue to raise the issues
on appeal if convicted following a trial.
(2) Grounds for Dismissal. When a motion to dismiss
an indictment, complaint or tab charge is granted for a defect in
the institution of prosecution or in the indictment, complaint or
tab charge, the court shall specify the grounds upon which the motion
is granted.
(3) Dismissal for Curable Defect. If the dismissal is
for failure to file a timely complaint as required by Rule 4.02,
subd. 5(3), or for a defect that could be cured or avoided by an
amended or new indictment, or complaint, further prosecution for
the same offense shall not be barred, and the court shall on motion
of the prosecuting attorney, made within seven (7) days after notice
of the entry of the order granting the motion to dismiss, order
that defendant's bail or the other conditions of his release be
continued or modified for a specified reasonable time pending an
amended or new indictment or complaint.
In misdemeanor cases, if the defendant is unable to post any bail
that might be required under Rule 6.02, subd. 1, then the defendant
must be released subject to such non-monetary conditions as the
court deems appropriate under that rule. The specified time
for such amended or new indictment or complaint shall not exceed
sixty (60) days for filing a new indictment or seven (7) days for
amending an indictment or complaint or for filing a new complaint.
During the seven-day period for making the motion and during the
time specified by the order, if such motion is made, dismissal of
the indictment or complaint shall be stayed. If the prosecution
does not make the motion within the seven-day period or if the indictment
or complaint is not amended or if a new indictment or complaint
is not filed within the time specified by the order, the defendant
shall be discharged and further prosecution for the same offense
shall be barred unless the prosecution has appealed as provided
by law, or unless the defendant is charged with murder and the court
has granted a motion to dismiss on the ground of the insufficiency
of the evidence before the grand jury. In misdemeanor cases
and also in designated gross misdemeanor cases as defined in Rule
1.04(b) dismissed for failure to file a timely complaint within
the time limits as provided by Rule 4.02 subd. 5(3), further prosecution
shall not be barred unless additionally a judge or judicial officer
of the court has so ordered.
Rule 11.09. Trial Date
(a) If the defendant enters a plea other than guilty, a trial date
must be set.
(b) A defendant must be tried as soon as possible after entry of
a plea other than guilty. On demand of any party the trial must
start within 60 days of the demand unless the court finds good cause
for a later trial date. The time period begins on the date of the
plea other than guilty.
Unless exigent circumstances exist, if trial does not start within
120 days from the date the plea other than guilty is entered and
the demand is made, the defendant must be released under any nonmonetary
conditions the court orders under Rule 6.01, subd. 1.
For good cause the trial
may be postponed beyond the 60-day time limit upon request of the
prosecutor or the defendant or upon the court’s initiative.
Good cause for the delay does not include court calendar congestion
unless exceptional circumstances exist. See McIntosh v. Davis, 441
N.W.2d
115, 120 (Minn. 1989). Even if good cause exists for postponing
the trial beyond the 60-day time limit,the defendant, except in
exigent circumstances, must be released, subject to such nonmonetary
release conditions as may be required by the court under Rule 6.02,
subd. 1, if trial has not yet commenced within 120 days after the
demand is made and the not guilty plea entered. Other sanctions
for violation of these speedy trial provisions are left to case
law. See State v. Kasper, 411 N.W.2d 182 (Minn. 1987) and State
lov. Friberg, 435 N.W.2d 509 (Minn. 1989).
MINNESOTA
RULES OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE
http://www.mncourts.gov/rules/criminal/RCRP.htm
On
Criminal Long Form Complaints
A
Guide to Minnesota Criminal Procedures - Bass Law Firm
"If
you are charged with a misdemeanor by a ticket, citation, or tab
charge, you can request a formal complaint (a written document detailing
the
charges) at your arraignment. If you are in custody, the prosecution
has 48 hours from the time of your demand to file a complaint. If
you are
not in custody, the prosecution has 30 days from the date of your
demand to file a complaint. If no complaint is filed within these
timeframes,
the charges against you are dismissed."
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