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An English to Gaelic
Primer of Plant Names



This list is arranged alphabetically by the common (English) names of plants, and gives the scientific (Latin) name and the Gaelic name of each. Where translation of the Gaelic name into English is known,
it is supplied. The information contained herein was transposed from The Gaelic Names of Plants
by John Cameron, published 1883 by
William Blackwood & Sons, Edinburgh.



INDEX

A B C D E F G H I J K L M
N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z


COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME GAELIC NAME translation
A   Ailm Return to Index
agrimony Agrimonia eupatoria mur-dhraidhean sorrow, grief
alder, common Alnus flutinosa feàrn swamp tree
almond Amydalus communis cno ghreugach Greek nut
angelica, wood Angelica sylvestris lus nam buadha plant of virtues or powers
apple Pyrus malus mel, mal  
apricot Prunus armeniaca apricoc  
archangel Lamium album teanga mhìn smooth tongue
arrow-grass Triglochin palustre bàrr a' mhilltich good grass
arum Arum maculatum cluas chaoin soft ear
asasrum Asarum auropaeum asair bandage
ash Fraxinus excelsior nuin, craobh uinnseann  
asphodel Narthecium ossifragum blioch, bliochan milk
asparagus Asparagus officinalis creamh macfiadh wild boar's herb
aspen Populus tremula eagh, critheann trembling
auricula Primula auricula lus na bann-righ queen's flower
B   Beite Return to Index
barberry Berberis vulgaris barbrag brilliant shell leaf
barley Hordeum distichon eòrna, òrna  
bean Faba vulgaris ponair  
beech Fagus sylvatica craobh fhaibhile  
beet Beta maritima betis  
betony, wood Stachys betonica lus bheathag life plant, nourishing plant
bindweed, field Convolculus arvensis iadh lus plant that surrounds
birch, knotty Betula pendula beatha dubhach sorrowful
birch, white Betula alba beite, beatha  
birthwort Aristolochia clematitis culurin  
bishop's weed Aegopodium podagraria lus an easbuig bishop's weed
blackberry Rubus fruticosus muir, dreas, dris entangler
blackthorn Prunus spinosa preas nan airneag  
borage Borago officinalis borrach, borraist, borraigh  
boxwood Buxus sempervirens bosca  
bramble, common Rubus fruticosus dreas, dris entangler
buckthorn, prickly Rhamnus catharticus ramh droighionn prickly wood
bulrush Scirpus lacustris gobhal luachair forked rush
burdock Arctium lapa suirichean suirich foolish wooer
C   Coll Return to Index
cabbage Brassica oleracea praiseach potherb
campion, red Lychnis diurna cìrean coileach cockscomb
caraway Carum carui carvie  
carrot Daucus carota curran sown root
cat tail Typha latifolia bodan dubh dark tail
cat tail Typha latifolia cuigeal nam bàn-sìth fairy woman's spindle
celandine, common Chelidonium majus an ceann ruadh the red head
centuary Erythraea centaurium ceud bhileach hundred leaved
chamomile, common Anthemis nobilis camomhil  
charlock Sinapis arvensis marag bhuidhe yellow sausage
chase-the-devil Nigella damascena lus an fhograidh pursued plant
cherry tree Prunus cerasus craobh shiris  
cherry, bird Prunus padus craobh fhiodhag  
cherry, wild Prunus avium geanois  
chervil Anthriscus cerifolium & vulgaris costag  
chervil, great Myrrhis odorata cos uisge scented water-plant
chestnut Castanea vesca chraobh geanm-chno nut of the tree of chaste love
chickweed Stellaria media fliodh wetting
chives Allium schoenoprasum feuran grass-like plant
cicely, sweet Myrrhis odorata cos uisge scented water-plant
cinnamon Laurus cimmamonum caineal  
cinquefoil Potentilla reptans meangach branched
clarysage Salvia verbenacea torman shrubby one
cloudberry Rubus chamaemorus oireag, oighreag, feireag beauty
clover, hare's foot Trifolium arvense cas maidhiche  
clover, red Trifolium pratense seamar chapuill mare's clover
clover, white Trifolium repens seamar bhàn fair, gentle one
clover, yellow Trifolium minus seangan small
colt's foot Tussilago farfara cluas liath grey ear
columbine Aquilegia vulgaris lus a cholamain dove's plant
comfrey Symphytum officinale meacan dubh dark plant
coriander Myrrhis sativum coireiman, lus a choire  
cork-tree Quercus suber crànn àirceain  
cowslip Primula veris muisean low rascal, the devil
cranberry Vaccinium ocycoccos muileag little frog, frogberry
crocus, saffron Crocus saticus crò, cròdh, cròch  
crow-berry Empetrum nigrum lus na fionnag crow herb
crowfoot, bulbous Ranunculus bulbosus guile thalmhainn blood of the earth
crowfoot, celery-leaved Ranunculus scleratus torachas biadhain food to be afraid of
crowfoot, creeping Ranunculus repens buigheag yellow one
crowfoot, upright meadow Ranunculus acris cearban feoir grass rag
crowfoot, water Ranunculus aquatilis fleann uisge follower of the water
cuckoo flower Cardamine pratensis plur na cubhaig cuckoo flower
cucumber Cucumis sativus cularan  
currant, black Ribes nigrum raosar dubh  
currant, red Ribes rubrum raosar dearg  
currant, white Ribes album raosar geal  
cypress, common Cupressus sempervirens craobh bhròin tree of sorrow
D   Dur Return to Index
daffodil Narcissus pseudonarcissus & jonquilla lus a chròmchinn bent or drooping head
daisy Bellis perennis neòinan, nòinean noon flower
dead-nettle, white Lamium album teanga mhìn smooth tongue
deer's hair Scirpus caespitosus cìob, cìpe  
dill Anethum graveolens dile dill
dittany Origanum dictamnus lus a phiobaire pepperwort
dock Rumex crispus còpag bossy
dogwood Cornus sanguinea coin-bhil  
dulse Phodymania palmata duiliasg water-leaf
E   Eagh Return to Index
elder Sambucus nigra ruis wood
elecampane Inula helenium eilidh Helen
elm Ulmus campestris ailm, leamhan  
eyebright Euphrasia officinalis lus nan leac hillside plant
F   Fearn Return to Index
fennel Foeniculum vulgare lus an t'saiodh hayweed
fern Filices raineach, roineach fern (generic)
fern, adder's tongue Ophioglossum vulgatum lus na nathraith serpent's weed
fern, adder's tongue Ophioglossum vulgatum teanga a' nathrach adder's tongue
fern, bladder Cystopteris fragilis friodh raineach slender fern
fern, common brake Pteris aquilina an raineach mhòr large fern
fern, green Asplenum adiantum nigrum an raineach uàine green fern
fern, hard Blechnum spicant an raineach chruaidh hard fern
fern, hart's tongue Scolopendrium vulgare creamh mac fiadh wild boar's wort
fern, holly Polystichum lonchitis raineach-chuilinn holly fern
fern, lady Athyrium filix-foemina raineach Mhuire Mary's fern
fern, maidenhair Adiantum capillus-veneris failtean fiònn resplendent hair
fern, male Lastrea filix-mas marc raineach horse fern
fern, oak Polypodium dryopteris sgeamh dharaich oak fern
fern, royal Osmunder regalis raineach rioghail kingly fern
fern, rue Asplenium ruta-muraria fue bhallaidh wall rue
fern, shield Polystichum aculeatum, lobatum & angulare ibhig  
fern, stone Polypodium vulgare cloch-reathneach stone fern
fern, sweet mountain Lastrea oreopteris crimraineach scarred fern
fig Ficus carica crann fìge, crann fìghis  
flax Limun usitatissimum lìon, lìn  
flax Linum catharticum lìon na bean sìth fairy woman's flax
flixweed Sisymbrium sophia fineal Mhuire Mary's fennel
foxglove Digitalis purpurea lus-nam-ban-sìth fairy woman's plant
foxglove Digitalis purpurea lus a bhalgair fox-weed
foxtail grass Alopecurus geniculatus fiteag chàm refreshment
fumitory Fumaria officinalis lus deathach thalmhainn the earth-smoke plant
furze Ulex europaeus conasg armed (for war)
G   Gath Return to Index
garlic, crow Allium vineale garleag Mhuire Mary's garlic
garlic, wild Allium ursinum garleag  
gentian Gentiana campestris lus a chrùbain crouching plant
gentian, red Erythraea centaurium ceud bhileach hundred leaved
gilly-flower Cheiranthus cheiri lus leth an samrhaidh half the summer plant
gilly-flower, sea Cakile maritimum fearsaideag  
golden rod Solidago virgaurea fuinseag coille  
Good King Henry Chenopodium bonus-henricus praiseach bràthair friar's pot-herb
gooseberry Ribes grossularia preas ghrosaid gooseberry
goosefoot, white Chenopodium album praiseach fiadhain wild pot-herb
gorse Ulex europaeus conasg armed (for war)
grape Vitis vinifera muir, crann fiona, crann fionan  
groundsel Senecio vulgaris am bualan a remedy
H   (none) Return to Index
hawthorn Crataegus oxyacantha sgitheach geal white haw
hazel Corylus avellana coll, coill, càlltuinn, càlldainn, càllduinn, cailtin, colluinn  
hellebore, green Helleborus viridis elebor  
hellebore, stinking Helleborus foetidus meacan sleibhe hill-plant
hemlock Conium maculatum munmhear smooth fingered
hemlock, water Cicuta virosa fealla bog soft deceiver
hemp Cannabis sativa caineab  
henbane Hyoscyamus niger fegann dangerous one
holly Ilex aquifolium cuileann defender
holly, sea Enyngium maritimum cuileann tràgha sea-shore holly
honeysuckle Lonicera periclymenum uillean joints & elbows, woodbine
hops Humulus lupulus lus an leanna, lionn luibh ale or beer plant
horehound, white Marrubium vulgare gàrfan, bràbhan ban white indented one
hornbeam Carpinus betulus leamhan bog soft elm
horseradish Armoracia rusticana meacan-each horse plant
hound's tongue Cynoglossum officinale teanga con, teanga chù dog's tongue
hyssop Hyssopus officinalis isop  
I   Iogh Return to Index
iris, yellow flag Iris pseudacorus bog-uisge soft rainbow
ivy, english Hedera helix gath, eidheann that which clothes or covers
ivy, ground Nepeta glechoma iadh shlat thalmhainn  
J   (none) Return to Index
juniper Juniperus communis aiteil, ailtinn, aitiol  
K   (none) Return to Index
L   Luis Return to Index
laburnum Cytisus laburnum bealuidh frangach  
ladies' smock C Cardamine pratensis plur na cubhaig cuckoo flower
Lady's fingers Anthyllis vulneraria meoir Mhuire Mary's fingers
Lady's Mantle, common Alchemilla vulgaris copan an druichd the dew cup
Lady's Mantle, common Alchemilla vulgaris falluing mhuire Mary's mantle
larch Pinus larix laireag fat wood
laurel Laurus nobilis labhras  
laurel Laurus nobilis cran laoibhreil tree with rich foliage
lavender Lavendula officinalis lus-na-tùise incense plant
lavender Lavendula officinalis an lus liath grey weed
leek Allium porrum leigis, leiceas, leicis  
lemon Citrus lumonum crann limoin  
lichen, lungwort Stricta pulmonacea crotal coille lichen of the wood
lilac Syringa vulgaris craobh liath ghorm  
lily of the valley Convallaria majalis lili nan lòn, lili nan gleann lily of the valley
lime tree Tilea europea craobh theile lime tree
linden Tilea europea craobh theile lime tree
liverwort Marchantia polymorpha lus an àinean liverwort
loose-strife Lysimachia vulgaris lus na sìthchaine herb of peace
loosestrife, purple Lythrum salicaria lus an sith chainnt peace-speaking plant
lords and ladies Arum maculatum cluas chaoin soft ear
lovage Ligusticum scoticum siunas growing in the storm
lovage, common Ligusticum officinale luibh an liugair cajoler's weed
love-lies-bleeding Amaranthus caudatus lus a ghràidh love plant
M   Muir Return to Index
madder Rubia tinctorum madar  
maple Acer campestris craobh mhalip satchel tree
marigold, marsh Caltha palustris a chorrach shod clumsy one of the marsh
marjoram Origanum marjorana & vulgare oragan delight of the mountain
marshmallow Althea officinalis leamhad insipid
meadow rue Thalictrum minus rù beg little rue
meadowsweet Spirea ulmaria crios Chu-chulainn queen of the meadow, Chu-chullain's belt
meadowsweet Spirea ulmaria airgiod luachra slivery rush
melon Cucumis melo meal-bhuc bulky apple
milkwort Polygala vulgaris lus a bhàine milkwort
mint, garden Mentha viridis mionnt ghàraidh garden mint
mint, horse Mentha sylvestris mionnt each horse mint
mint, water Mentha aquatica cairteal water-purifier
mistletoe Viscum album uile-ice all heal
mistletoe Viscum album Druidh-lus Druid's weed
mistletoe Viscum album sùgh-dharaich sap of the oak
mold Mucedo cloimh liath generic, gray down
monkshood Aconitum napellus fuath mhadhaidh wolf's aversion
moonwort Botrychium lunaria luan lus moon wort
moss, bog Sphagnum mointeach liath grey peat
moss, fir club Lycopodium selago garbhag an sleibhe rough one of the hill
moss, Irish Chondrus crispus mathair an duileasg mother of dulse
mountain ash Pyrus aucuparia luis drink
mugwort Artemesia vulgaris liath lus grey weed
mulberry Morus nigra crànn-maol-dhearc tree of mild aspect
mullein Verbascum thapsus cuineal Mhuire Mary's asthma plant
mushroom Agaricus agairg generic for mushroom
mushroom, boletus Boletus bovinus bonaid an losgainn toad's bonnet
mushroom, devil's snuffbox Lycoperdon giganteum beac, beacan bee (smotherer)
mushroom, puffball Lycoperdon gemmatum caochag blind, empty, blasting
mushroom, tinder soft Polyporus betulinus & fomentarius cailleach spuinge spongy old woman
mushroom, truffle Tuber cibarium ballan losgainn tuber fungus
myrtle Myrtus communis miortal  
myrtle, bog Myrica gale rideag fragrant
N   Nuin Return to Index
nettle Urtica urens & dioica feanntag, neandog, deanntag, iontag flaying one
nightshade, deadly Atropa belladona lus na h'oidhche nightweed
O   Oir Return to Index
oak Quercus robur dur, dair, dàrach, dàrag, dùr, drù the tree
oak, holm Quercus ilex tin, thuilm, tolm evergreen
oats, wild Avena sativa coirc  
onion Allium cepa uinnean  
orange Citrus aurantium òr ubhal golden apple
orchis, fragrant Orchis conopsea lus tàghta chosen or select weed
P   Peith Return to Index
  Amydalus persica peitseag peach
pear, wild Pyrus communis craobh pheurain fiadhain  
pellitory Anthemis pyrethrum lus na Spàine spanish weed
pellitory, wall Parietaria officinalis lus a bhallaidh wall herb
pennyroyal Mentha pulegium peighinn rioghail  
peony Paeonia officinalis lus a phione peony
pimpernel Anagallis arvensis falcair wild cleanser
pimpernel, yellow Lysimachia nemorum seamhair Mhuire Mary's gentle sweet grass
pine, pitch Pinus picea giubhas geal pitch pine
pine, Scots Pinus sylvestris peith, giùthas, giùbhas  
pine, Weymouth Pinus strobus giùthas Sasunnach English pine
plantain Alisma plantago cor-chopaig dam dock
plantain Plantago major cuach Phàdraig Patrick's bowl, Patrick's cup
plum, damson Prunus damascena daimsin  
plum, wild Prunus domestica plumbais fiadhainn  
pomegranite Punica granatum gràn ubhal grain-apple
poplar Populus alba pobhuill  
poppy Papaver rhoeas meilbheag little pestle
poppy, opium Papaver somniferum codalion sleep flower
potato Solanum tuberosum bun-tata  
primrose Primula vulgaris sobhrach, sobhrag amiable, lovely
primrose, winter Primula polyanthus sobhrach gheamhraidh  
privet Ligustrum vulgare ras chrann sìr uine  
Q   (none) Return to Index
quince Pyrus cudonia craobh chuinnse  
R   Ruis Return to Index
radish Raphanus raphanistrum meacan ruadh red plant
ragged robin Lychnis flos-cuculi plur na cubhaig cucco flower
raspberry Rubus idaeus preas sùbh chraobh sappy sprout bush
reed grass Arundo phragmites seasgan reed
rhubarb, monks' Rumex alpinus lus na purgaid purgative weed
ribwort Plantago lanceolata slàn lus healing plant
rock-rose Helianthum vulgare grian ròs sun rose
rosemary Rosmarinus officinalis ròs Mhuire sea dew
Rowan Pyrus aucuparia luis drink
rue Ruta graveolins rugh, rù, ruigh rue
rush, common Juncus conglomeratus luachar lamp grass
rush, sweet Acorus calamus cuile mhilis sweet rush
rush, wood Luzula sylvatica luachar còille bright grass of the wood
rye Secale cereale seagall  
S   Suil Return to Index
saffron Crocus saticus crò, cròdh, cròch crocus
sage, garden Salvia officinalis athair liath grey father
sage, garden Salvia officinalis slan lus healing plant
sandalwood Santalum album fiodh almug  
sanicle, wood Sanicula europaea bodan coille little old man of the wood
savin Juniperus sabina samhan sabina herba
savory Satureia hortensis garbhag ghàraidh coarse garden plant
saxifrage, golden Chryosplenium oppositifolium lus nan laogh herb of gold
saxifrage, meadow Saxifraga granulata moran many
Scots' broom Cytisus scoparius bealaidh, bealuidh favored of Baal
sedge, cotton Eriophorum vaginarum & polystachyon canach soft head
self heal Prunella vulgaris dubhan ceann chòsach, dubhanuith dark healing plant
shallot Allium ascalonicum sgalaid shallot
shepherds purse Capsella bursa-pastoris lus no fola the blood weed
silverweed Potentilla anserina brisgean, briosglan, barr a bhrigean brittle
sloe Prunus spinosa straif, preas nan airneag sloe bush
soapwort Saponaria officinalis gairgean-cregach bitter one of the rocks
sorrel, common Rumex acetosa samh  
sorrel, mountain Oxyria reniformis sealbhag nan fiadh deers' sorrel
sorrel, sheep's Rumex acetosella ruanaidh reddish colored
sorrel, wood Oxalis acetosella samh shelter
southernwood Artemesia arbotanum meath chaltuinn against faintness, weariness
sow-bread Cyclamen hederaedolia culurin boar's bread
spearwort Ranunculus flammula glas-leun swamp green
spinage Spinacia oleracea bloingean gàraidh fat garden leaf
spindle tree Euonymus europaeus oir from the east
spruce Abies communis guithas lochlannach lake pine
spurge Euphorbia helioscopia spuirse wart-wort
spurge, petty Euphorbia peplus lus leusaidh healing plant
spurge, sea Euphorbia paralias buidhe na ningean yellow plant of the waves
St John's wort Hypericum perforatum eala bhuidhe yellow appearance
stonecrop Sedum acre grafan nan clach stone's pickaxe
strawberry, wood Fragaria vesca subh, sùth earth's delight
sweet-briar Rubus rubiginosa dris chubhraidh fragrant bramble
sweet flag Acorus calamus cuile mhilis sweet rush
sycamore Acer pseudo-platanus craobh sice  
T   Tin Return to Index
tansy Tanacetum vulgare lus na Fraing french weed
tansy, white Potentilla anserina brisgean, briosglan brittle
thistle, corn Carduus arvensis aigheannach valiant one
thistle, marsh Carduus palustris cluaran leana swamp thistle
thistle, Mary's Carduus marianus fothannan beannuichte blessed thistle
thistle, melancholy Carduus heterophylus cluas an fheidh deer's ear
thistle, spear Carduus lanceolatus an cluaran deilgneach priclky thistle
thrift Armeria maritima tonn a chladaich beach wave
thyme Thymus serpyllum lus an righ king's plant
tormentil Potentilla tormentilla leanartach follow-me-everywhere
trefoil, bird's foot Lotus corniculata barra mhislean grassy
tulip Tulipa sylvestris tuiliop  
turnip Brassica rapa neup  
U   Uir Return to Index
V   (none) Return to Index
valerian Valeriana officinalis an tribhileach, lus na tri bhilean three-leaved plant
vervain Verbena officinalis tronbhod woody
violet, bog Pinguicula vulgaris bròg na cubhaig cuckoo's shoe
violet, dog Viola canina dail chuach field bowl
violet, sweet Viola odorata fail chuach scented bowl
W   (none) Return to Index
wake robin Arum maculatum cluas chaoin soft ear
wall flower Cheiranthus cheiri lus leth an samrhaidh half the summer plant
walnut Juglans nigra craobh-ghallchno foreign nut
water-cress Nasturtium officinalis biolair dainty
water-pepper Polygonum hydropiper lus an fhògair plant that drives out, expels, banishes
water lilly, white Nymphaea alba duileag bhaite bhàn drowned white leaf
wheat Triticum aestivum cruithneachd  
whitethorn Crataegus oxyacantha uir, huath, sgitheach geal  
wild mustard Sinapis arvensis marag bhuidhe yellow sausage
willow, common Salix aquatica suil, sùileag  
willow, common Salix aquatica geal-sheileach  
willow, osier Salix viminalis fineamhain long twig
willow, osier Salix viminalis gall sheileach the foreign willow
willow, weeping Salix babylonica seileach an t' srutha willow of the river
willow-herb, mountain Epilobium montanum an seileachan little willow
wind flower Anemone nemorosa plùr na gaoithe flower of the wind
woad Isatis tinctoria guirmean the blue one
woodbine Lonicera periclymenum uillean joints & elbows, woodbine
woodruff Asperula odorata lusa-caitheamh  
wormwood, common Artemesia absinthium buramaide bitter plant
woundwort Stachys sylvatica lus nan scorr wound wort
X   (none) Return to Index
Y   (none) Return to Index
yarrow Achillea millefolium lus chosgadh na fola plant that stops bleeding
yew, common Taxus baccata iogh, iuthar, iubhar, iughar,  
Z   (none) Return to Index


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Last modified: 13 March 1998
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