A Streetcar Named Desire by Tennessee Williams
Symbolism and Irony in the Play
Irony

A number of commentators have pointed out the irony of Blanche' s spending several months on a street in New Orleans named Elysian Fields--in Greek mythology the dwelling place of virtuous people after death--and the further irony of her having previously lived in Laurel, Mississippi (laurel wreaths, of course, were used by the ancient Greeks to crown the victors in athletic contests, military battles, and artistic competitions). These ironies are compounded in the play by the namesof the people who surround Blanche, with the important exception of Stanley: Mitch (derived from Michael, meaning "someone like God" in Hebrew), Stella (from the Latin for "star"), Eunice (from the Greek for "good victory"), and Steve (from the Greek for "crown" ). Critics regard these various names as ironic because in fact Blanche DuBois--"white woods"--finds herself, not in heaven, but in what amounts to bell ("Redhot!" the tamale Vendor cries out at the end of scene 2 [44]) in a conflict with stone-age Stanley the blacksmith (whose first name derives from the Old English "stone-lea" or stone meadow, while his last, Kowalski, is Polish for "smith"); and, these critics argue, this conflict will obviously not send her to an eternal life of bliss in any Elysian Fields, but rather to the misery of a living death without chance of redemption in the madhouse. 



 
Symbolism
It seems possible, however, that these celestial or winning names are not ironic, but instead suggest what they appear to suggest: that Blanche, brutally defeated in her crucible with Stanley in New Orleans, will ultimately triumph on Judgment Day in the kingdom of God if not on treatment day in the realm of secular ministry--modern (psychiatric) medicine. Blanche's own name, which appears to be ironic in that it suggests a virginity which she no longer possesses in deed, attests to her virginity of spirit--her "beauty of the mind and ... tenderness of the heart" (126), as she puts it. Thus her name links her not only to the purity of the Virgin Mary, but also to the reclaimed innocence of Mary Magdalene, who was cured of her sexual waywardness by Jesus Oust as Blanche was suddenly cured of hers when she remarked to Mitch, "Sometimes--there's God--so quickly!" [96]) and later saw Christ after he had risen from the dead.