Yuan T. Lee –
BiographyYuan T. Lee –
BiographyYuan Tseh Lee was born on November 19, 1936 in Hsinchu,
Taiwan. His father is an accomplished artist and his mother a school teacher.
He started his early education while Taiwan was under Japanese occupation -
a result of a war between China and Japan in 1894. His elementary education
was disrupted soon after it started during World War II while the city populace
was relocated to the mountains to avoid the daily bombing by the Allies. It
was not until after the war when Taiwan was returned to China that he was able
to attend school normally as a third year student in grade school.
His elementary and secondary education in Hsinchu was rather colorful and full
of fun. In elementary school, he was the second baseman on the school's baseball
team as well as a member of the ping-pong team which won the little league championship
in Taiwan. In high school he played on the tennis team besides playing trombone
in the marching band.
Besides his interest in sports during this time, he was also an avid and serious
reader of a wide variety of books covering science, literature, and social science.
The biography of Madame Curie made a strong impact on him at a young age. It
was Madame Curie's beautiful life as a wonderful human being, her dedication
toward science, her selflessness, idealism that made him decide to be a scientist.
In 1955, with his excellent academic performance in high school, Lee was admitted
to the National Taiwan University without having to take the entrance examination,
a practice the Universities took to admit the best students. By the end of his
freshman year he had decided chemistry was to be his chosen field. Although
the facilities in the Taiwan University were less than ideal, the free and exciting
atmosphere, the dedication of some professors, and the camaraderie among fellow
students in a way made up for it. He worked under Professor Hua-sheng Cheng
on his B.S. thesis which was on the separation of Sr and Ba using the paper
electrophoresis method.
After graduation in 1959, he went on to the National Tsinghua University to
do his graduate work. He received his Master's degree on the studies of the
natural radioisotopes contained in Hukutolite, a mineral of hot spring sediment
under Professor H. Hamaguchi's guidance. After receiving his M.S. he stayed
on at Tsinghua University as a research assistant of Professor C.H. Wong and
carried out the x-ray structure determination of tricyclopentadienyl samarium.
He entered the University of California at Berkeley as a graduate student in
1962. He worked under the late Professor Bruce Mahan for his thesis research
on chemiionization processes of electronically excited alkali atoms. During
his graduate student years, he developed an interest in ion-molecule reactions
and the dynamics of molecular scattering, especially the crossed molecular beam
studies of reaction dynamics.
Upon receiving his Ph.D. degree in 1965, he stayed on in Mahan's group and started
to work on ion molecule reactive scattering experiments with Ron Gentry using
ion beam techniques measuring energy and angular distributions. In a period
of about a year he learned the art of designing and constructing a very powerful
scattering apparatus and carried out successful experiments on N2+
+ H2 --> N2H+ + H and obtained a complete
product distribution contour map, a remarkable accomplishment at that time.
In February 1967, he joined Professor Dudley Herschbach at Harvard University
as a post-doctoral fellow. He spent half his time working with Robert Gordon
on the reactions of hydrogen atoms and diatomic alkali molecules and the other
half of his time on the construction of a universal crossed molecular beams
apparatus with Doug McDonald and Pierre LeBreton. Time was certainly ripe to
move the crossed molecular beams method beyond the alkali age. With tremendous
effort and valuable assistance from the machine shop foreman, George Pisiello,
the machine was completed in ten months and the first successful non alkali
neutral beam experiment on Cl + Br2 --> BrCl + Br was carried
out in late 1967.
He accepted the position as an assistant professor in the Department of Chemistry
and the James Franck Institute of the University of Chicago in October 1968.
There he started an illustrious academic career. His further development as
a creative scientist and his construction of a new generation state-of-the-art
crossed molecular beams apparatus enabled him to carry out numerous exciting
and pioneering experiments with his students. He was promoted to associate professor
in October 1971 and professor in January 1973.
In 1974, he returned to Berkeley as professor of chemistry and principal investigator
at the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory of the University of California. He became
an American citizen the same year.
In the ensuing years, his scientific efforts blossomed and the scope expanded.
His world leading laboratory now contains seven very sophisticated molecular
beams apparati which were specially designed to pursue problems associated with
reaction dynamics, photochemical processes, and molecular spectroscopy. His
laboratory has always attracted bright scientists from all over the world and
they always seem to enjoy working together. He takes great pride in the fact
that more than fifteen of his former associates are serving as professors in
major universities, and many others are making great contributions at the national
laboratories and in the private sector.
Lee and his wife, Bernice Wu, whom he first met in elementary school have two
sons, Ted (born in 1963), Sidney (born in 1966) and a daughter, Charlotte (born
in 1969).
Among some of the awards and recognitions he has received over the years
include:
Alfred P. Sloan Fellow, 1969 - 1971
Camille and Henry Dreyfus Foundation Teacher Scholar Grant, Receipient 1971
- 1974.
Fellow, American Academy of Arts and Science, 1975. Fellow, American Physical
Society, 1976. John Simon Guggenheim Fellow, 1976 - 1977. Member, National Academy
of Sciences, 1979. Member, Academia Sinica, Taiwan, China, 1980. Honorary Professor,
Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China, 1980.
Honorary Professor, Fudan University, Shanghai, China, 1980.
Miller Professorship, University of California, Berkeley, California, 1981-1982.
Ernest O. Lawrence Award, U.S. Department of Energy, 1981.
Sherman Fairchild Distinguished Scholar, California Institute of Technology,
1983.
Harrison Howe Award, Rochester Section, American Chemical Society, 1983.
Peter Debye Award of Physical Chemistry, American Chemical Society, 1986.
National Medal of Science, 1986.
Honorary Professor, Chinese IJniversity of Science and Technology, Hofei, Anhuei,
China, 1986.
Honorary Doctor of Science Degree, University of Waterloo, 1986.
From Les Prix Nobel. The Nobel Prizes 1986, Editor Wilhelm Odelberg, [Nobel Foundation], Stockholm, 1987
This autobiography/biography was written at the time of the award and later published in the book series Les Prix Nobel/Nobel Lectures. The information is sometimes updated with an addendum submitted by the Laureate. To cite this document, always state the source as shown above.