GLOSSARY OF TERMS

ADAPTIVE EQUIPMENT -

1) Riding equipment which has been changed in structure or form to allow a person with a disability to ride.

2) Equipment which has been specially developed to allow a physically disabled person to ride a horse.

3) Equipment which is used to elicit specific responses.

ADAPTIVE RIDING -

Horseback riding adapted for a special population.

BACKRIDING -

When two people ride on a horse together. In therapeutic horseback riding, backriding is used in therapy to develop posture in the front rider-the client by the backrider-a therapist. To a limited basis, an instructor may backride a child until that child feels secure.

DEVELOPMENTAL EQUINE-ASSISTED THERAPY -

A specific treatment method, using NDT treatment techniques, which is carried out by a specially trained physical or occupational therapist during a treatment session with a client with neurmuscular dysfunction.

EQUINE-ASSISTIVE THERAPY -

Treatment with the use of the horse and the equine setting by a qualified health care professional.

HIPPOTHERAPY -

("Hippos" means horse in Greek. "Treatment with the help of the horse.") A treatment for clients with movement dysfunctions and/or occupational therapist. In classic Hippotherapy, the horse influences the client rather than the client controlling the horse (Hippotherapy Curriculum Development Project, 1991). The therapist may use excercises or activities to achieve specific treatment goals.

HORSE LEADER -

A person who has had training in horsemanship skills and knows the psychological and physical needs of a horse. In addition, he or she knows how to handle a horse with specific needs for the disabled rider.

HUMAN-ANIMAL BONDING -

The attachment that develops between humans and animals involving strong feelings and psychological ties. Studies have supported that the love and attentiveness given by people to animals is reciprocal and both animals and people benefit (Anderson, 1983).

LONG REINING -

A technique used in hippotherapy and training. The horse is "driven" from the ground by the use of reins that reach from the bit to one stride or more behind the horse. The client sits on the horse while the handler controls and reins the horse from behind.

MOUNTING RAMP -

A ramp designed for mounting a person onto the horse from a wheelchair. It is also used by ambulatory riders since it is kinder to the horses back then ground mounting.

NORTH AMERICAN RIDING FOR THE HANDICAPPED ASSOCIATION(NARHA) -

NARHA is a service organization created to promote the well being of individuals with disabilities through equine activiites.SCHOOLING FIGURES -

Circles, figure eights, straight lines, curves, and other patterns used in riding training to develop precise control of a horse through ones aids or actions.

SIDE WALKER, AID, or SIDE AID -

A person who has been trained to assist a rider. This person walks next to the horse, at the riders side (so her or she can place his or her arm across the riders thigh when necessary), may assist the rider with balance, provides necessary security, and/or help the rider carry through with the lesson. Side aid is more often used by therapists since the term is more descriptive to the task

THERAPY -

The meaning employed in effecting the cure or management of disease. Implies diagnosis using special criteria (or diagnostic and procedural coding systems used in medicine for billing purposes); involves prescribed treatment by a health care professional who is liable for his or her actions according to the standards of his or her specialty, and is billable to third party payor(ie, insurance carriers). Hippotherapy and Equine assisted therapy are recognized treatment procedures when used by especially trained physical and occupational therapists in a treatment situation by the American Physical Therapy Association and by the American Occupational Therapy Association.

TT.E.A.M. -

The Tellington-Jones Equine Awareness Method, a unique training protocol developed by Linda Tellington-Jones for the horse to make him safer, more attentive to the handlers, less distracted by the environment, more pleasurable, less stressfull to ride, and a better performer. The trainin method envolves and a detailed step by step procedure (taught during a series of courses) which produces a friendly horse who is eager to learn (Tellington-Jones, Bruns, 1988)

VAULTING -

Gymnastic on horseback. Vaulting is carried out according to the primary six vaulting excercises and additional creative excercises called kur Vaulting is an equine sport.

(THERAPEUTIC RIDING PROGRAMS INSTRUCTION AND REHABILITATION, A HANDBOOK FOR INSTRUCTORS AND THERAPISTS, 1992)

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