Latin Name
Usnea spp.

General Description
Usnea, or larch moss, refers to a group of lichens, which are plants made up of algae and fungi that grow together in an interdependent relationship. Larch moss is found hanging from the larch and many other trees in the Northern Hemisphere. Sometimes called old-man's-beard for its shaggy appearance, it frequently appears in fruit orchards. The active ingredient, usnic acid, seems to have an antibiotic effect against the Gram-positive class of bacteria, which includes, for example, streptococcus. It may also be effective against some fungi and protozoans.

Usnea is believed to work by disrupting the cell metabolism of bacteria and other simple organisms, although it does not damage human cells. Herbalists consider it an immune system stimulant and a muscle relaxant. Some species of usnea, including at least four found in the western United States, are also used as herbal remedies and serve as food for some animals and people.

Target Ailments
Taken internally for:

• Colds, influenza, sore throats and respiratory infections.
  
• Gastrointestinal irritations.
  

Applied externally for:

• Skin ulcers and fungal infections such as athlete's foot.
  
• Urinary tract infections such as urethritis and cystitis and vaginal infections. (Used as a douche.)

Preparations
Over the counter:
The dried herb is available in bulk, powder, or tincture.

At home:
Tea: 2 to 3 tsp. dried lichen or 1 to 2 tsp. of powder steeped in 1 cup boiling water.

Special Information

• WARNING: Pregnant women should avoid using this herb, because it may stimulate uterine contractions.
  
• Dilute tincture before ingesting; high concentrations may cause digestive problems.
  
• Do not use for more than three consecutive weeks.