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  1. Promotion:

  2. Product Positioning;

  3. Push Strategy:

  4. Pull Strategy:

  5. Promotional Mix:

  6. Advertising:

  7. Informative Advertising:

  8. Persuasive Advertising:

  9. Comparative Advertising:

  10. Reminder Advertising:

  11. Advertising Medium:

  12. Direct Mail:

  13. Media Mix

  14. Brand Advertising:

  15. Advocacy Advertising:

  16. Industrial Advertising:

  17. Retail Advertising:

  18. Cooperative Advertising:

  19. Trade Advertising:

  20. Institutional Advertising:

  21. National Advertising Review Board: (NARB)

  22. Personal Selling:

  23. Telemarketing:

  24. Retail Selling:

  25. Industrial Selling:

  26. Order Processing:

  27. Creative Selling:

  28. Missionary Selling:

  29. Prospecting:

  30. Qualifying:

  31. Closing:

  32. Coupon:

  33. Point&-of&-Purchase: (POP)

  34. Premium:

  35. Trade Shows:

  36. Publicity:

  37. Public Relations:

Papers

Promoting Goods and Services

Promotion:

The part of the marketing mix concerned with selecting the appropriate techniques to sell a product to consumers.

Product Positioning;

The establishment of an easily identifiable product image in the minds of consumers.

Push Strategy:

A promotional strategy in which a company aggressively pushes its product through wholesalers and retailers, who then persuade customers to buy it.

Pull Strategy:

A promotional strategy in which a company appeals directly to consumers, who demand the product from retailers, who in turn demand the product from wholesalers.

Promotional Mix:

The combination of promotional tools used to sell a product

Advertising:

Any form of paid nonpersonal communication used by an identified sponsor to persuade or inform certain audiences about a good, service, or idea.

Informative Advertising:

An advertising strategy that is aimed at developing an awareness of the company and its product among potential buyers.

Persuasive Advertising:

An advertising strategy that is aimed at influencing consumers to buy a company's products rather than the products of its rivals.

Comparative Advertising:

An advertising strategy in which two or more similar products are compared directly.

Reminder Advertising:

An advertising strategy aimed at keeping the product's name in the consumer's mind.

Advertising Medium:

The specific communication device that is used to carry a firm advertising message to potential consumers.

Direct Mail:

Advertisements mailed directly to consumers' homes or places of business.

Media Mix

The combination of media that a company uses to advertise its products.

Brand Advertising:

Advertising that promotes a specific brand.

Advocacy Advertising:

Advertising that promotes a particular candidate or cause.

Industrial Advertising:

Advertising used in industrial markets to reach purchasing agents and managers who buy raw materials or components.

Retail Advertising:

Advertising done by retailers to reach end users of consumer products.

Cooperative Advertising:

Advertising whose cost is shared by a manufacturer and a retailer or wholesaler.

Trade Advertising:

Advertising used to allow a firm to communicate with the companies that distribute its products.

Institutional Advertising:

Advertising that promotes a firm long&-term image.

National Advertising Review Board: (NARB)

The advertising industry's self&-regulation board; investigates complaints against national advertisers.

Personal Selling:

A promotional technique that uses person&-to&-person communication to sell products.

Telemarketing:

The use of the telephone to carry out many marketing activities, including sales and research.

Retail Selling:

Selling products to consumers for their own use or for household use.

Industrial Selling:

Selling products to other businesses, either for the purpose of manufacturing other products or for resale.

Order Processing:

In personal selling, the process of receiving an order and following through on the handling and delivery of that order.

Creative Selling:

In personal selling, the use of techniques designed to persuade a customer to buy a product when the benefits of that product are not readily apparent or when the item is very expensive.

Missionary Selling:

In personal selling, the promotion of a particular company.

Prospecting:

In personal selling, the process of identifying potential customers.

Qualifying:

In personal selling, the process of determining whether or not prospects have the authority and the ability to pay for a product.

Closing:

In personal selling, the part of the process in which the salesperson asks the prospective customer to buy the product.

Coupon:

A sales promotion technique featuring a certificate that entitles the bearer to a stated savings off a product's regular price.

Point&-of&-Purchase: (POP)

display A sales promotion technique in which a product display is located in a retail store in such a way as to stimulate sales.

Premium:

A sales promotion technique in which some item is offered free or at a bargain price in return for buying a specified product or a fee paid to an insurance company in return for the insurance company's acceptance of a certain risk.

Trade Shows:

A sales promotion technique in which the various members of an industry rent booths at an industry show to display and demonstrate their products to consumers who have a special interest in the products or who are ready to buy.

Publicity:

Communication to the public (usually through the mass media) about a product or firm. The firm has no control over the content of the message.

Public Relations:

All promotional activities directed at building good relations with various sectors of the population.