SOCIALIST STATE IN BULGARIA: MACROECONOMIC SURVEY
Editor's note: The data in this survey have as a reference data from mid-point year 1975.
Area and Population
| Area* (sq. km.) | Census, 1st December 1965 | Estimated Total (mid-year) | 1972 Density (per sq. km.) | ||||||
| Male | Female | Total | 1968 | 1969 | 1970 | 1971 | 1972 | ||
| 110 911.5 | 4 114 167 | 4 113 699 | 8 227 866 | 8 369 603 | 8 434 172 | 8 489 574 | 8 536 400 | 8 576 200 | 77.5 |
* Including territorial waters of frontier rivers (267.8 sq. km.), or total of 42 823 square miles
Ethnic Nationalities
Bulgarians - 85.5 per cent; Turkish - 8.6 per cent; Gypsy - 2.6 per cent; Macedonian - 2.5 per cent; Armenian - 0.3 per cent; Russian - 0.1 per cent; Greek - 0.1 per cent (1956 Census)
Principal Towns
Sofia (capital) - 910 242; Plovdiv - 256 605; Varna - 239 879; Rousse - 158 240; Burgas - 134 011; Stara Zagora - 110 862 (mid-year 1971)
Births, Marriages, Deaths (per 1000)
| Year | Live Births | Birth Rate | Marriage Rate | Crude Deaths | Death Rate |
| 1969 1970 1971 1972 | 143 060 138 745 135 422 131 316 | 17.0 16.3 15.9 15.3 | 8.7 8.6 8.2 8.2 | 80 183 77 095 82 805 84 174 | 9.5 9.1 9.7 9.8 |
Life Expectation at birth
Males - 68.81 years; Females - 72.67 years (cohort 1965)
Economically Active Population
| Economical Activity | Employers and Self-Employed | Employees or Wage-Earners | Other Workers | Total | Male | Female |
| Agriculture and Forestry Mining, Quarrying, Metallurgy Manufacturing Construction Electricity and Steam Commerce Transport and Storage Services Other Activities | 21 835 - 18 319 5 396 - 2 165 1 498 1 921 4 353 | 305 149 133 569 833 304 227 019 17 659 202 797 187 745 50 445 487 798 | 1 564 414 - 139 693 48 239 - 1 010 - 9 121 4 349 | 1 891 398 133 569 991 316 280 654 17 659 205 972 189 243 61 487 496 500 | 857 080 113 025 600 445 255 906 14 754 98 507 155 760 35 727 258 470 | 1 034 318 20 544 390 871 24 748 2 904 107 465 33 483 25 760 238 030 |
| Total | 55 487 | 2 445 485 | 1 766 826 | 4 267 798 | 2 389 674 | 1 878 124 |
Employees in the "Socialized" Sector, or "Civil" Servants* (annual averages per 1000)
| Economical Activity | 1970 | 1971 | 1972 |
| Agriculture and Forestry Mining, Quarrying, Metallurgy Construction Commerce Transport and Storage Education and Welfare Administration Science and Scientific Institutes Water Supply Other Activities | 292.9 1 156.0 303.8 248.2 226.6 312.2 58.6 46.7 78.9 24.8 | 311.1 1 183.6 311.1 284.6 234.7 324.4 54.5 56.7 77.9 26.7 | 358.2 1 210.3 315.3 300.7 240.3 341.5 58.9 61.7 78.6 28.0 |
| Total | 2 748.7 | 2 864.7 | 2 993.4 |
*Including state farms and machine-tractor stations
Land Use in 1000 hectares (1972)
| Arable Land Under Permanent Crops Permanent Meadows and Pastures Forest Land Other Land Inland Water | 4 128 382 1 512 3 758 1 275 36 |
| Total | 11 091 |
Principal Crops (figures relate to FAO estimates)
| Area Harvested in 1000 hectares | Production in 1000 metric tons | Yield in 100 kg. per hectare | |||||||
| 1970 | 1971 | 1972 | 1970 | 1971 | 1972 | 1970 | 1971 | 1972 | |
| Wheat Rye Barley Oats Maize Sorghum Rice Sugar Potatoes Onions: green Onions: dry Tomatoes Cabbages Cauliflowers Green Beans Green Peas Cucumber Melons/Water Melons Pumpkins/Squash Paprikas Dry Beans: alone Dry Beans: mixed Dry Peas Grapes Soybeans Cotton Sunflower Tobacco Flax Fibre Hemp Fibre | 1 013.8 22 403 71 635 4 17 56.6 31 2 13 24 3 0.2 5 7 4 22 3 16.5 58 50 24 169 10 42 278 118 9 10 | 1 013.2 19.1 434.1 74.8 654.8 5 17 43.7 28.7 1 11 24.2 3 0.1 5 8 4 22.2 3 16.5 57.4 48 19.6 169 17.6 40.8 266.7 115.4 9.2 9.4 | 961 17 446 65 689 7 15 55 30 2 10 27 3 0.2 5 10 5 23 3 17 59 45 13 166 14 37 274 122 8 9 | 3 032 28 1 167 98 2 375 9 66 1 714.7 374 17 130 685 161 16 22 35 48 262 112 255.7 56 13 42 1040 8 36 407 119.9 4.1 8.9 | 3 094.5 24 1 253.3 101.7 2 518 13 67 1 510.2 403.6 15 104.9 721.1 164 18 25.6 35 60 303.3 145 249.5 53 12 28.1 1059 16 40 461.7 117.2 4.5 7.5 | 3 582 21 1 427 75 2 974 9 60 1 951 382 16 79 816 153 21 25 40 80 318 125 250 37 10 18 933 13 49 494 154.4 3.5 8.0 | 29.9 12.6 28.9 13.8 37.3 20.7 38.5 282 121 98 99 285 541 1 036 44 47 119 117 393.3 262.1 9.7 2.6 17.3 62 8.3 8.6 14.6 10.1 4.5 8.8 | 30.5 12.5 28.9 13.5 38.3 24.1 39.4 359 137 100.1 98 281 570.9 1 124 50.7 45.8 134.7 133 459.5 313.8 4.2 2.0 14.4 71.6 6.3 3.3 17.3 10.2 4.9 8.0 | 37.3 12.9 32 11.5 43 n.a. 40.6 361 124 n.a. 79 300 n.a. n.a. 50 n.a. n.a. 136 423.7 290.3 n.a. n.a. 13.9 65.5 n.a. n.a. 18 n.a. 4.4 8.9 |
Other Fruits (production in 1000 metric tons)
| 1970 | 1971 | 1972 | |
| Apples Pears Plums Sweet Cherries Sour Cherries Peaches Apricots Strawberries | 363 135 334 55 15 167 24 31 | 343.7 130.2 311.8 45.1 17 122.9 11 18.2 | 340 107 288 41 17 172 17 14.2 |
Livestock (numbers in 1000 heads)
| Horses | Asses | Cattle | Pigs | Sheep | Goats | Poultry | |
| 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 | 199 182 169 159 148 | 300 299 305 302 307 | 1 297 1 255 1 279 1 379 1 441 | 2 140 1 967 2 369 2 806 2 598 | 9 652 9 223 9 678 10 127 9 921 | 376 350 335 318 302 | 28 874 29 590 33 706 34 102 34 788 |
Livestock Products (figures relate to FAO estimates)
| Unit | 1970 | 1971 | 1972 | |
| Beef, Veal and Buffalo Meat Mutton, Lamb and Goat Meat Pig Meat Poultry Meat Eddible Offal Other Meat Lard Tallow Cows Milk Buffaloes Milk Sheeps Milk Goats Milk Butter Cheese: Cow or Buffalo Cheese: Sheep Hen Eggs Honey Raw Silk Wool: Greasy Wool: Clean Cattle Hides Sheep and Goat Skins Pig Skins | metric tones metric tones metric tones metric tones metric tones metric tones metric tones metric tones million litres million litres million litres million litres metric tones metric tones metric tones million metric tones metric tones metric tones metric tones metric tones metric tones metric tones | 82 652 70 780 147 115 92 716 56 653 765 25 742 3 690 1 214 28 292 49 14 111 84 307 40 000 1 582 6 236 261 28 814 11 497 11 639 17 385 5 950 | 78 116 77 397 169 222 110 973 61 382 2 165 32 112 3 730 1 252 28 295 46 14 241 86 118 40 000 1 707 6 277 252 29 740 10 996 12 285 19 800 6 480 | 86 511 76 274 201 380 107 732 69 398 2 544 36 963 3 730 1 269 27 285 44 14 410 83 004 40 000 1 664 6 339 225 31 469 10 694 12 500 19 800 6 564 |
Industrial Roundwood (in 1000 cubic metres, state forests only)
| Coniferous (Soft Wood) | Broadleaved (Hard Wood) | Total | |||||||
| 1970 | 1971 | 1972 | 1970 | 1971 | 1972 | 1970 | 1971 | 1972 | |
| Saw, Veneer and Sleeper Logs Pitprops (Mine Timber) Pulpwood | 963 97 164 | 965 133 171 | n.a. n.a. n.a. | 1 232 158 110 | 1 136 158 99 | n.a. n.a. n.a. | 2 195 255 274 | 2 101 286 270 | n.a. n.a. n.a. |
| Total (including others) | 1 410 | 1 431 | n.a. | 2 540 | 2 333 | n.a. | 3 950 | 3 764 | n.a. |
Fishing (metric tons)
| 1968 | 1969 | 1970 | 1971 | 1972 | |
| Sea Catch | 54 846 | 77 272 | 84 054 | 96 662 | 102 758 |
Mining (in 1000 metric tons)
| 1968 | 1969 | 1970 | 1971 | 1972 | |
| Anthracite Other Hard Coal Lignite Other Brown Coal Iron Ore Copper Ore Lead Ore Zinc Ore Manganese Ore Salt (refined) Native Sulphur Asbestos Crude Petroleum (million cu. metre) Natural Gas (million cu. metre) | 176 263 20 967 7 315 870 37.3 93.9 74.5 12.4 118 8.7 2.1 475 506 | 155 215 21 757 6 875 881 39.3 91.2 77.0 11.7 126 5.3 2.8 325 525 | 161 236 21 971 6 883 792 43.1 95.5 76.4 10.3 135 5.5 3.0 334 474 | 160 228 20 558 6 062 993 42.4 89.9 80.0 11.6 93 5.8 2.9 304 327 | 155 229 20 935 5 959 1 052 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 104 6.7 1.5 248 220 |
Industry
| 1969 | 1970 | 1971 | 1972 | |
| Cement (thousand metric tons) Soda Ash (thousand metric tons) Sulphuric Acid (thousand metric tons) Electric Power (million kWh) Cotton Fabric (million metres) Wollen Fabric (million metres) Leather Footwear (million pairs) Parer (thousand metric tons) Pig Iron (thousand metric tons) Crude Steel (thousand metric tons) Cellulose (thousand metric tons) Tinned Vegetable (thousand metric tons) Tinned Fruit (thousand metric tons) Refined Sugar (thousand metric tons) Television Sets (thousand units) Building Bricks (million units) Wine (thousand hectolitres) | 3 551 270 498 17 230 335 26.0 4.8 191.6 1 134 1 515 75 225 223 316 174 1 351 3 374.9 | 3 668 306 502 19 513 319 26.8 4.1 199.7 1 251 1 800 77 243 222 371 193 1 549 2 668.6 | 3 880 307 514 21 016 324 28.3 4.7 215.2 1 378 1 947 81 275 216 356 158 1 519 2 817.9 | 3 910 297 513 22 271 323 28.5 4.8 218.2 1 561 2 128 84 312 257 321 102 1 526 2 730.0 |
Finance (100 stotinki = 1 leva)
Coins: 1, 2, 5, 10, 20 and 50 stotinki; 1, 2 and 5 leva
Notes: 1, 2, 5, 10 and 20 leva
Exchange rates (March 1974): 1 Soviet rouble = 1.30 leva; 1 £ sterling = 2.27 leva (basic rate) or 3.83 leva (non-commercial rate); 1 $ dollar = 0.97 leva (basic rate) or 1.65 leva (non-commercial rate); 100 leva = £ 43.94 = $ 102.08 (basic rates)
State Budget (million leva)
| 1970 | 1971 | 1972 | |
| Revenue: National Economy Revenue: Other Receipts Revenue: Total | 4 445 1 278 5 728 | 4 543 1 372 5 915 | 4 992 1 534 6 526 |
| Expenditure: National Economy Expenditure: Administration Expenditure: Social Services Expenditures: Other Expenditure: Total Expenditure: Surplus | 2 856 116 1 760 918 5 650 78 | 2 892 125 1 884 1 004 5 905 10 | 3 224 135 2 065 1 090 6 514 12 |
National Accounts (million leva at current market prices)
| 1970 | 1971 | 1972 | |
| Agriculture and Livestock Forestry Industry* Construction Trade, Restaurants, etc. Transport and Storage Communications Others | 2 310 69 5 168 917 1 040 645 86 293 | 2 400 71 5 284 957 600 665 96 335 | 2 440 201 5 704 993 729 700 128 346 |
| Net Material Product (N.M.P.)# | 10 528 | 10 408 | 11 241 |
* Principally manufacturing, mining, electricity, gas and water supply. Also include the value of hunting, fishing, and logging when these activities are organized.
# Defined as the total net value of "goods" and "productive services", including turnover taxes produced by the economy. This excludes economic activities nor contributing directly to material prodiction, such as public administration, defence, personal and professional services.
Commodities - Imports (million leva)
| 1970 | 1971 | 1972 | |
| Power and Electrical Equipment Mining, Metallurgy and Oil-drilling Complete Enterprises Tractors and Agricultural Machinery Transport Rolling Stock Solid Fuels Crude Petroleum Petroleum products and Synthetics Ferrous Metals Chemicals Timber, Cellulose and Paper Product Textile | 71.5 71.4 212.9 57.6 264.9 98.9 86.0 81.7 276.2 61.4 74.8 91.8 | 85.3 108.4 n.a. 62.5 331.3 109.1 142.3 78.1 290.5 65.6 77.4 93.5 | 138.1 n.a. n.a. 86.3 422.5 n.a. n.a. 71.7 322.6 n.a. 82.2 91.3 |
| Total /incl.others/ | 2 142.3 | 2 479.9 | 2 772.2 |
Commodities - Exports (million leva)
| 1970 | 1971 | 1972 | |
| Power and Electrical Equipment Hoisting and Hauling Equipment Agricultural Machinery Transport Rolling Stock Ferrous Metals Non-ferrous Metals Chemicals Tobacco Meat, Dairy Products, Fats and Eggs Fresh and Tinned Vegetables Fresh and Tinned Fruit Sugar and Sugar Preparations Clothing and Underwear | 110.7 179.4 95.6 165.6 110.0 44.4 56.6 100.3 95.2 83.2 72.6 423.2 131.9 | 107.8 208.8 101.6 179.2 117.1 n.a. 59.5 112.6 101.4 106.6 69.0 n.a. 133.4 | 124.2 n.a. 112.3 206.0 n.a. n.a. n.a. 109.3 103.6 118.6 63.1 n.a. 122.8 |
| Total /incl.others/ | 2 344.5 | 2 553.3 | 2 837.0 |
External Trade (million leva)
| Imports | Exports | |||||
| 1970 | 1971 | 1972 | 1970 | 1971 | 1972 | |
| Eastern Market: Czechoslovakia Germany, D.R. Hungary Poland Romania U.S.S.R. Other Markets: Austria Cuba France Germany, F.R. Italy Switzerland United Kingdom Yugoslavia | 112.6 184.2 29.6 75.5 33.6 1 117.6
42.3 36.5 52.0 57.3 66.6 22.1 52.4 24.6 | 150.8 213.3 55.9 86.0 30.5 1 296.7
46.1 36.7 58.6 69.3 71.0 32.6 38.4 30.6 | 174.6 270.5 66.7 119.6 48.0 1 447.8
34.4 n.a. 29.3 91.1 71.0 n.a. 41.1 n.a. | 102.2 202.9 59.0 91.0 49.1 1 261.4
19.3 22.7 44.4 60.4 66.5 35.4 28.7 39.1 | 117.6 218.6 51.5 80.8 55.2 1 399.4
25.5 30.3 27.0 58.7 70.9 39.9 44.0 40.4 | 135.2 218.5 47.2 115.1 57.7 1 596.7
25.8 n.a. 28.0 73.0 81.4 n.a. 28.6 n.a. |
| Total /incl. others/ | 2 142.3 | 2 479.9 | 2 772.2 | 2 344.5 | 2 553.3 | 2 837.0 |
Tourism (by country of origin)
| 1970 | 1971 | 1972 | |
| Austria Belgium Czechoslovakia France Germany, D.R. Germany, F.R. Greece Hungary Iran* Iraq* Italy Jordan* Netherlands Poland Romania Sweden Switzerland Turkey* U.S.S.R. United Kingdom U.S.A. Yugoslavia Unspecified | 31 320 9 991 393 443 49 278 125 134 180 448 6 783 57 552 17 490 6 320 28 903 10 790 15 622 115 415 108 443 12 748 9 664 572 638 154 071 50 106 17 688 483 516 79 655 | 29 706 10 184 408 577 54 116 161 568 166 434 11 116 48 623 20 190 10 631 36 387 7 526 16 024 136 205 84 210 13 272 9 727 693 390 185 415 41 464 17 845 463 486 94 814 | 33 598 10 957 375 661 53 864 170 259 163 070 24 490 55 130 21 397 4 598 49 779 10 426 16 206 146 930 108 483 15 555 9 209 939 444 208 987 49 557 18 202 416 453 104 736 |
| Total | 2 537 018 | 2 720 910 | 3 006 991 |
* Mainly visitors in transit
Transport
| 1970 | 1971 | 1972 | |
| Railways Million Passenger-kilometres Million Freight ton-kilometres Civil Aviation `000 Passenger-kilometres `000 Freight ton-kilometres International Shipping Vessels Entered /`000 net reg. tons/ Goods Loaded /`000 metric tons/ Goods Unloaded /`000 metric tons/ Inland Waterways Million Passenger-kilometres Million Freight ton-kilometres | 6 223 13 858
1 201 179 14 046
8 542 2 328 13 762
30 1 832 | 6 223 14 918
1 172 570 18 086
10 587 2 238 15 834
39 2 083 | 6 700 15 825
1 410 217 17 373
15 008 2 302 14 723
40 2 072 |
Communications Media and Education
| 1972 | |
| Communications Media Telephone Subscribers Radio Licences Television Licences Book Titles Daily Papers Circulation /`000/ Periodicals Circulation /`000/ Education - Schools Primary and Secondary Technical Higher Teacher Training Other Post-Secondary Education - Students Primary and Secondary Technical Higher Teacher Training Other Post-Secondary Education - Teachers Primary and Secondary Technical Higher Teacher Training Other Post-Secondary | 581 657 2 301 462 1 285 848 3 978 664 056 49 421
3 926 242 27 16 8
1 118 009 152 471 101 102 10 387 3 624
54 535 9 218 8 047 501 188 |
