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     Osmosis: Mechanics/Physiology.  S.H. Shakman

 

  1.Observed max.osmolality* vs     MODELS OF SOLUTE BEHAVIOR

calculated volume increase**[DV]    Compound   Error: YK   DV 

yields agreement comparable to      Acetic Acid     -.07  .05 

free energies of hydration per      Acetone         -.09 -.02 

Kang model***[YK], for the 8        Ethanol         -.10  .07 

compounds in both Kang and CRC.     Ethylene Glycol -.20  .08

 2.Result supports concept of       Glycerol        -.34 -.08

osmolality as active mechanical     Methanol        -.16 -.05

force to be precisely understood    1-Propanol      -.06  .18

and (eventually) manipulated.       2-Propanol       .00 -.08

 3.This would appear to relate to metabolic processes e.g.:

-- Ling:" it is postulated that localized changes in the

osmotic activity of water (concomitant with the release of K+

ions in one area and depolarization of water in another) [may]

provide the major force for muscle contraction"****; 

--Diamond:"evidence is now compelling [that] osmotic force

developed by active solute transport [may comprise] the 

mechanism by which water transport is coupled to [the] active

solute transport".**** 


 
*CRC HANDBOOK, 1985-6, p. D221+.
 
**FLINT,L,1964: DV=(gpl/520)((Vhz/2Vaz)-1);Wa[anhydrous wt.]

=2(Z[atomic #] +C[valence]); Wh=Wa+18H; H[hydration #]=

23n-(Z+C) [H=23 to 0, n=1 to 4]; Vh=Wh/(1+(Wa/Wh)); Va=Wa/2.]
 
***Kang,Y.K.,etal.,J.PHYS.CHEM.91(1987)4114.[NIA(AG-00322)]

****LING,G.N,In Search of Physical Basis of Life(1984)584. 

*****Diamond,J., in Alfred Benzon Symposium 15(1981), p.355.  






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