The National Socialist Council of Nagaland -- Isak-Muivah (NSCN-IM) has a strength of about 3,000. It's purported demand is the establishment of a Nagalim (Greater Nagaland) comprising the Naga inhabited areas of the neighbouring Assam, Manipur, Arunachal Pradesh and some portions of Myanmar. the outfit is supported by a section of Aos, Semas, Zeilangs, Anals, Maos and Manipur-based Tangkhul Nagas. This insurgent group has established its supremacy in Wokha, Phek, Zunebhoto, Kohima, parts of Mokokchung and Tuensang districts. It has also been able to extend its influence to the Naga-inhabited northern districts of Manipur, North Cachar Hills and Karbi Anglong districts of Assam and some parts of Meghalaya.

The NSCN-IM is the most organised and assertive insurgent group in the Northeast. It has established a government-in-exile called the Government of the People’s Republic of Nagaland (GPRN) which interacts with formal and non-formal world bodies and media. The GPRN sends emissaries abroad to garner support and raise funds for the Naga cause.

The NSCN-IM has both military and political wings. Its military wing – the Naga Army, consists of one brigade and six battalions. It also has a General Head Quarters (GHQ). Moreover, there are several town commands and specialised mobile groups. S. Hung Shi is the Commander-in-Chief of the Naga Army.

The political wing too has a GHQ and the 11 regions are organised primarily on tribal considerations. It runs a parallel government with the objective of taking over the reins of the government when opportunity comes. There are four major ‘Ministries’ namely – defence, home, finance and foreign. Besides, there are five other Ministries such as education, information and publicity, forests and minerals, law and justice and religious affairs. The most ambitious among the Ministries is ‘Home’, which seeks to replace State government machinery. The heads of 11 administrative regions report to the ‘Home Minister’ (Kilo Kilonser). The administration goes down to the town and village levels. R.H. Raising and Himpa Pochury are ‘Home’ and ‘Defence’ ‘Ministers’, respectively. Angelus Shimrah is the spokesperson of the NSCN-IM.