A | 1000001 | a | 1100001 | 1 | 00110001 |
B | 1000010 | b | 1100010 | 2 | 00110010 |
C | 1000011 | c | 1100011 | 3 | 00110011 |
D | 1000100 | d | 1100100 | 4 | 00110100 |
E | 1000101 | e | 1100101 | 5 | 00110101 |
F | 1000110 | f | 01100001 | 6 | 00110110 |
G | 1000111 | g | 01100111 | 7 | 00110111 |
H | 1001000 | h | 01101000 | 8 | 00111000 |
I | 1001001 | i | 01101001 | 9 | 00111001 |
J | 1001010 | j | 01101010 | 0 | 00110000 |
K | 1001011 | k | 01101011 | space | 00100000 |
L | 1001100 | l | 01101100 | / | 00101111 |
M | 1001101 | m | 01101101 | * | 00101010 |
N | 1001110 | n | 01101110 | + | 00101011 |
O | 1001111 | o | 01101111 | - | 01011111 |
P | 1010000 | p | 01110000 | & | 00100110 |
Q | 1010001 | q | 01110001 | . | 00101110 |
R | 1010010 | r | 01110010 | , | 00101100 |
S | 1010011 | s | 01110011 | “ | 00011100 |
T | 1010100 | t | 01110100 | £ | 10100011 |
U | 1010101 | u | 01110101 | ( | 00101000 |
V | 1010110 | v | 01110110 | ) | 00101001 |
W | 1010111 | w | 01110111 | < | 60 |
X | 1011000 | x | 01111000 | > | 62 |
Y | 1011001 | y | 01111001 | ? | 63 |
Z | 1011010 | z | 01111010 | @ | 64 |
! | 99 | ||||
Numbers are simply represented by the first letters of the alphabet with a prefix (as shown below).
He was blinded after an accident with a leather workers awl in his father's workshop.
When he arrived at a school for the blind in Paris, he found that the books for the blind to read had large letters that were raised up off the page. He could feel each letter, but it took him a long time to read a sentence.
Louis believed that there must be a more efficient way to feel the words on a page.
An alphabet code that was being used by the French army at the time was made up of small dots and raised up off the paper so that soldiers could read them by running their fingers over them. It was however still slow and cumbersome, each page could only hold one or two sentences.
On one of his school holidays, while sat in his father's workshop, he realised that the tool that had caused his blindness could help him to read again.
Within a few days he devised an alphabet made up of six dots, the relative positions of the dots representing the letters of the alphabet.
New York Point is a system of writing for the blind invented by William Bell Wait a teacher in the New York Institute for the Education of the Blind.
Wait advocated the New York System as more logical than either the American Braille or the British Braille systems.
Wait also invented the Kleidograph, a typewriter with twelve keys, for embossing the New York Point system on paper, and the Stereograph, for creating metal plates to be used in printing books for the blind.
Rather than the dots of Braille, Moon Writing is made up of raised curves, angles, and lines.
Its entire alphabet is made up of only nine glyphs in various orientations and is claimed by its supporters to be easier to understand than Braille.
As Braille is easier to produce Moon Writing has diminished in popularity and is virtually unknown outside of the UK.
It is however still possible to obtain literature in Moon type from the National Library for the Blind in Stockport.
Numbers are simply represented by the first letters of the alphabet with the prefix
It used symbols of twelve dots arranged as two columns of six dots embossed on a square of cardboard with each grid of dots representing a letter or phoneme.
123456
1ai o u é è
2an in on un euou
3b d g j vz
4pt q ch f s
5lm n r gn ll
6oioin ian ien ion ieu |
It was discovered that the system was too hard for soldiers to learn, and was subsequently rejected by the military.
Other tactile alphabets include : | |
---|---|
Edmund Frye's system : | (based on capital letters only). |
Jacob Snider, Jr.'s system : | This method, which involved carving the letters into a sheet of copper by hand, was used to produce the first raised print book in the U.S. but was soon abandoned. |
James Gall's "triangular alphabet" : | using both capital and lower-case Roman letters, which was used in 1826 in the first embossed books published in English. |
James Hatley Frere's system : | based on shorthand, but written in a boustrophedon manner. |
John Alston's system : | based on capital letters only. |
Julius Friedlander's Philadelphia Line : | using all capital letters, and used at the Pennsylvania Institution for the Instruction of the Blind. |
Samuel G. Howe's Boston Line : | using lowercase angular letters, influenced by Gall's system but more closely resembling standard Roman letters. |
Thomas Lucas' system : | based on shorthand and the phonetic principle. |
Valentin Haüy's system : | based on embossed Roman characters (in italic style). |
William Chapin's system : | combining the lowercase letters of the Boston Line with the capitals of the Philadelphia Line, forming the "combined system" (used by 1868 in books printed by N. B. Kneass, Jr.) |
There are different "sign" languages used by those with hearing impairments but this page concentrates on the British version ( B.S.L.).
For more information on B.S.L. check out the
The Greek Alphabet.
The Greek Alphabet.
Letter | Name | Letter | Name | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A, aAlpha
B, bBeta
G, g Gamma
D, d Delta
E, e Epsilon
Z, z Zeta
H, h Eta
Q, qTheta
I, i Iota
K, kKappa
L, l Lambda
M, m Mu
N, n Nu
X, xXi
O, o Omicron
P, pPi
R, r Rho
S, s Sigma
T, t Tau
U, uUpsilon
F, f Phi
C, c Chi
Y, y Psi
W, w Omega |
Standard Morse | Arabic
| Hebrew
Cyrillic |
Greek |
Other | Characters Prosigns |
Wabun Code |
American Morse | (obsolete)
|
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