Tuscany
Italic, North Italian Peninsula
Tribal Occupation
Etruscans (1000-75)
Foreign Rule
Rome (75 BC-395)
Western Rome (395-476)
Tribal Occupation
Heruli (476-493)
Ostrogoths (493-553)
Foreign Rule
Byzantium (553-568)
Tribal Occupation
Lombards (568-774)
Franks (774-800)
Foreign Rule
Germany (800-812)
Duchy of Tuscany, under Germany
Tusci Line
-Boniface I (812-813)
-Boniface II (828-834)
-Aganus (835-845)
-Adalbert I (847-884)
-Adalbert II (890-917)
-Guido (917-929)
-Lambert (929-931)
-Boso (931-936)
-Humbert (936-961)
-Hugo (961-1001)
-Boniface III (1001-1012)
-Rainier (1014-1027)
-Boniface IV (1027-1052)
-Frederick (1052-1053)
-Beatrice (1053-1076)
-Matilda (1076-1115)
Republic of Tuscany, under Germany
Legislation
Council of Nobles (1115-1378)
Hereditary Rule, Medici House
-Salvestro (1378-1381)
-Giovanni (1421-1429)
-Cosimo (1434-1464)
-Peter the Gouty (1464-1469)
-Julian (1469-1478)
-Lorenzo the Magnificent (1478-1492)
-Peter the Unfortunate (1492-1494)
-Girolamo Savanarola (1494-1498)
-Cardinal Giovanni (1512-1513)
-Lorenzo (1513-1519)
-Hippolytus (1523-1527)
-Alessandro (1523-1537)
Grand Duchy of Tuscany
Medici House
-Cosimo I (1537-1574)
-Francis (1574-1587)
-Ferdinand I (1587-1609)
-Cosimo II (1609-1621)
-Ferdinand II (1621-1670)
-Cosimo III (1670-1723)
-Giovanni Gaston (1723-1737)
Lorraine-Hapsburg House
-Francis Stephen (1737-1765)
-Peter Leopold (1765-1790)
-Ferdinand III (1790-1801)
Capet-Bourbon
-Louis (1801-1803)
-Charles Louis (1803-1807)
Foreign Rule
France (1807-1814)
Grand Duchy of Tuscany
Lorraine-Hapsburg House
-Ferdinand III (Restored: 1814-1824)
-Leopold II (1824-1859)
-Ferdinand IV (1859-1861)
-Italian States merge to form Italy