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Sun Gods

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Aditi
"The Unfettered". Hindu mother goddess. She was self-formed and the mother of the sun and moon gods, Mitra and Varuna. She is the unlimited space of sky beyond the far east, the brilliant light from which the gods sprang. She clears obstacles, protects, and solves problems.



Ah Kinchil
Mayan god of the sun.



Akycha
Eskimo sun spirit.



Ama-Terasu
"Great Shining Heaven". Japanese sun goddess, guardian of the Japanese people and ruler of all deities. One of her tasks was to weave sacred robes for the gods.

When Amaterasu's troublesome brother Susanowo wreaked havoc on her land, she had to hide in a cave to escape the misery. He destroyed the forests, rice paddies, and the Heavenly Weaving Hall, killing Ama-Terasu's favorite weaving maiden. He sealed the cave that Amaterasu was hiding in so that no sunlight could reach the earth.

The gods worriedly met to plan a way to free her. After many failures to induce her to leave the cave, the lewd dancer Uzume stepped forth. She danced so that the gods all were delighted and laughed so much that the cave shook.

Amaterasu opened the door of the cave a bit to see what was going on, and asked why they would laugh in such a grim time. Uzume said that they were happy because a new, better, more beautiful sun goddess has come to replace her. Amaterasu immediately demanded to see this goddess, and was shown a mirror. She was startled and spellbound by her own reflection long enough for the gods to drag her from the cave, and so the world was light again and there was much rejoicing.

Amaterasu symbolizes warmth, harvest, love, fertility, goodness, wisdom, peace, light, sun, compassion.



Amma
Supreme African (Dogon) god who created the sun and the moon. The myth of Dogon is used to justify the custom of female circumcision as practiced in many parts of Africa. They said that he tried to procreate with the earth (female) but his passage to her was blocked by a "red termite hill". This had to be cut away before he could mate with the earth.



Anhur
Egyptian god of the power of the sun. He was depicted as a warrior wearing a headdress with four tall, straight plumes. Elements are air and fire.



Ansa
A minor Hindu sun god.



Apep
Serpent in egyptian lore that tried to destroy the sun every day.



Apollo
Greek god of the sun, light, music, song, medicine, and healing. Patron of herdsmen.

Apollo's mother Leto was forced to run from Hera, the jealous wife of Zeus. She went to the Island of Delos and delivered her two children- the twins, Apollo and Artemis.

Though the god of light, Apollo had a dark side. Under the name of Carneios, he is seen as a god of death. He and Artemis slew all of their mother Leto's children when Niobe, their grandmother, claimed all of Leto's children were more beautiful than the gods.

Apollo was worshipped at the oracle of Delphi, where a priestess who give forth his predictions. The Greeks believed that the egyptian God Heru and Apollo were the same deities. He is the twin brother of Artemis. Apollo's minor associations include black magic, blessing, justice, divination, oracles, prophecy, creativity, fertility, productivity, success.



Aten
In Egyptian lore, the disk of the sun.



Atius Tirawa
Creation, moon, sun, and stars.



Atum
Egyptian sun god. In some creation myths he is the creator of the universe. Father of Shu and Tefnut. Astrologically related to the leo sign of the zodiac.



Bel
Celtic (Irish) fire and sun god. Symbolizes element of fire, health.



Boann
Goddess of bounty and fertility, whose symbol is the sacred white cow. The father of her son Angus was Dagda. To hide their union from Nechtan, they caused the sun to stand still for nine months, so that Angus was conceived and born on the same day.



Brighid
Celtic (Irish). One of the triple goddesses of the Celtic pantheon. She is the daughter of The Dagda, the deity of the Tuatha de Danaan, one of the most ancient people of Northern Europe. Some say there are actually three Brigits; one is in charge of poetry and inspiration; one is in charge of midwifery and healing, and the last is in charge of crafts and smiths.

She probably began as a sun goddess. According to legend, she was born at sunrise and a tower of flame beamed from her head.

As goddess of fire and water, she is immortalized by many wells and springs. Most important of her monuments, though, was a shrine at Kildare where there was a perpetual flame burning for Brigit. It was tended by nineteen virgins called the Daughters of the Flame. They would not talk to men, nor could men come near the shrine.

When Christianity began its onset, so loved was Brigit that she was made a saint. However, the upkeep on her flame was considered pagan by the church and it was extinguished out of more than a thousand years of burning. St. Brigit remains one of the most popular Irish saints today, along with Saint Patrick.

Identical to Juno, Queen of Heaven. Symbolizes human potential. Also known as Brigit, Brigid, Brigindo, Bride.

Dark the bitter winter,
cutting its sharpness,
but Bride's mantle
brings spring to Ireland.


-Translated from Gaelic text.



Dhanvantari
Hindu physician of the gods, teacher of medicine to humans. He was originally a sun god.



Dhatara
A Hindu sun god.



Frey
Norse (Scandinavian) God of sun and rain, peace and war, and the bountiful harvest. He is the son of Njörd, husband of Gerd, and the brother of Freya. He symbolizes peace and prosperity.



Futsunushi
Fire magic.



Helios
Greek god of the sun. His roman counterpart was Sol.



Huitzilopochtli
National god of the Aztecs, symbolizes storms, the sun, death, war, young men, warriors, soldiers, safe journeys.



Itzamna
Mayan sky god and the father of the gods; humankind's creator. Lord of day and night. Omnipotent, remote, and impersonal. Personified the rising sun, light, life, knowledge, and the east. His sign was a red hand. Depicted as a cross-eyed, toothless old man with a lizard body. Animal totems were the lizard and the jaguar. Founder of Mayan religion. Invoke for healing, art, drawing, letters, crops, fertility, water, regeneration, medicine.



Ixchup
Mayan moon goddess, married to a sun god.



Khepera
"The Self-Created". Egyptian god of the sun. Symbol is the scarab beetle. Symbolizes the element of air. Also known as Kherpi.



Lucifer
Italian god of sun and light. Brother and soulmate of Diana, father of Aradia.



Mithra
Persian sun god and bringer of light, a god of wisdom, soldiers and warriors. Can be likened unto Prometheus, who brought fire to man in Grecian mythology. Symbolizes the mystery of magic, fertility, and the element air.



Mystere
Haitan Voodoo deification of the sun; also a loa.



Ninib
Near Eastern (Babylonian) god of the summer sun.



Nitten
Japanese Buddhist sun goddess. Based on the Hindu god Surya.



Nyamiabe
Nocturnal sun, the moon.



Ogma
A great Celtic (Irish) warrior god often associated with Heracles. Patron god of scholars and eloquence from Gaul. He invented the runic language of the Druids, the Ogham alphabet. His name means "sun face". Married Etain. Symbolizes image and poppet magic, incantations, charms, health, eloquence, genius, inspiration, language. Also known as Ogmios.



Paiva
Finnish sun god.



Quetzalcoatl
Aztec god of the wind, sea breeze, and life breath. Creator god, identified with the planet Venus. He was considered a good god as he required only one human sacrifice a year.

Long ago, there was a race of people who lived in southern mexico called the Toltecs. They were ruled by Quetzalcoatl, who left his home in the land of the Sunrise to help the Toltecs build a strong and prosperous nation.

While he ruled, everyone was happy and industrious. Everything grew in abundance, and the people learned many practical arts, even how to make ornaments and beautiful clothing. They were dutiful but had plenty of leisure time. To the Toltecs, this was a Golden Age.

But neighboring peoples were savage and barbaric and very jealous of the happy Toltecs. They were ruled by warlike and fierce gods.

Tezcatlipoca, the chief of these savage gods, disguised himself as an old man and went to Quetzalcoatl, who was very sick. Tezcatlipoca fooled the god into drinking excessive amounts of wine by saying it was medicine, knowing Quetzalcoatl had never tasted wine. Soon he was very intoxicated. Tezcatlipoca took advantage of this opportunity and to bring merciless misery to the vulnerable Toltecs. He brought down plagues and disasters; strife and destruction.

When Quetzalcoatl became sober, he was angry to find that all his hard work had been undone. Furious, he destroyed the gifts he had given the people and left for his own country. The Mexicans believe that, as said in legend, the good god will one day return and bring them back to the enchantment of the Golden Age.



Ra
Egyptian sun god, can be likened unto the Christian God, as a supreme deity and creator. He created the 8 great gods and the human race came from his tears. Usually depicted as a human with a falcon or ram head. The sun was either his eye or his body. He traveled the sky every day, passing over the lands and then going into the underworld. Because of this legend, he is considered to be the god of the underworld. Ra also stopped wars between humans because he was too decent to let them perish. He may be invoked for cat magick.



Savitar
All-powerful Hindu god of the sun. He had a golden tongue and golden eyes. He cut off his hand as a sacrifice, so the priests gave him a gold hand in place of it.



Sekhmet
Egyptian goddess of sunset, destruction, death, and wisdom. Originally created by Ra from his fire to be a creature of vengeance who would punish humans for their wrongdoings. However, she became a loving goddess of peace and compassion, and a protectress of the righteous. Symbols are the lion and the desert. She symbolizes health, rebirth, fire, and wisdom.

O Lady, Mightier than the Gods,
Adoration rises unto Thee!
All beings hail Thee!
O Lady, Mightier than the Gods!
Preserved beyond Death
That Secret Name,
O Being Called Sekhmet.
At the Throne of Silence even,
shall no more be spoken than Encircling One!
I lose myself in Thee!


-"Hymn to Sekhmet"



Shakuru
Pawnee sun god.



Shu
"The Dry One". Egyptian god of the air represented in human form. Personifies the sun's light. Appears as a warrior, lion, or lion-headed man with a feather. Symbolizes the element air, and possibly fire.



Uwolowu
African (Akpossa of Togo) sky god and creator of everything including the minor gods. He is invoked for agriculture/harvest, spring, birth, rain, and sun. Gave mankind fire. He is seen as generally beneficant.



Viracocha
Incan great god. An infinite being. Giver of the arts. Symbolizes the sun, storms, lightning, oracles, languages, morality and ethics, rain, water, fertility.



Yemonja
One of the great African goddesses, specifically of Nigerian Yoruba. She was the daughter of the sea into whose waters she flows. Her breasts were enormous because she mothered so many Yoruban gods. She also is the Mama Watta, or "mother of the waters", and gave birth to all the bodies of water in the world. She is the sister and wide of Aganju, the soil god, and together they had Orungan, god of the noonday sun, as their child.

She is known by many different names, each with some variations in character:

As Yemayah or Yemoja, she is the orisha of the oceans, seas, fish, and motherhood. Nurturing, feminine, and life-giving. Considered the epitome of feminine power. Like the ocean, she can be not only gentle but destructive and torrential as well. She holds the secrets that are within the sea. She can be invoked for issues with childbirth, mothers, fertility, or anything involving women's issues or women's mysteries.

As Imanje or Yemanja in Brazil, she is the ocean goddess of the crescent moon.

As Ymoja in West Africa, she is the river goddess who grants fertility to women.

In Cuba, she is Yemayah. Yemaya Achabba, stern goddess - Yemayah Oqqutte, violent goddess - Yemayah Ataramagwa, wealthy queen of the sea - Yemayah Olokun, dream goddess.

She is Agwe in Haitian voodoo beliefs. Finally, she is Yamoja, a combination of the phrase Iyamo eja ("our mother").



Zip
Mayan god of the hunt. Protector of the deer. According to legend, the deer created the vagina of the moon goddess by stepping on her abdomen. She was then she was able to bear the children of the sun god. Zip would deceive hunters to believe he was shooting a deer when in fact it was a iguana (a sacred animal of Itzam Na; to kill one is to incite the death penalty.). To gain Zip's favor through worship and sacrifice results in a good hunt.

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