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William Lutherborough and Betty Wardell © Records tell us that William, son of Paul Lutherborough and Anne (nee Hewison), was born in Leeds on the 24th November, 1737, and baptized at St Peters, Leeds, Yorkshire, on the 8th December, 17371. The baptism record indicates the family was living at Vicar Lane, Leeds, at the time. It is believed the family moved to Hull around 1740. Records also suggest the Lutherborough family name may have originated from near Ormskirt in Lancashire. Little is known of William’s childhood, except: it is believed the family moved to Hull around 17401, where William’s sister Anne was born; that his father died when he was 8years old2; his mother remarried when he was 107; and at the age of 14, he was apprenticed to a Benjamin Maurklin as a Cabinetmaker4. The record indicates William, the son of Paul Lutherborough, late of Kingston-upon-Hull, was bound to Benjamin Maurklin, Cabinet Maker and Burgess, from the 29th September, 1751, for a period of seven years. Witnesses appear to have been Thomas Woodly and Edward Codd. William's father was deceased by this time, and it is believed his mother had remarried, in 1747, to Walter Russell5. The learning of a trade through apprenticeship, in which a young person was placed with and formally bound to a master, has roots way back in medieval times. By the 16th Century it was generally accepted as a means of providing technical training to boys in a wide range of occupations. An Indenture was a legal document binding a child, usually around the age of 12 or 13, but sometimes as young as 7, to amaster for seven or more years. A sum of money was usually paid to the master, and in exchange he agreed to train the child in their trade or profession, and to supply them with appropriate food, clothing and lodging for the duration of the apprenticeship. A child so indentured effectively became an extra worker in the master's household. He or she was subject to the absolute authority of the master and by the terms of their ‘indenture’ could not gamble, or go to the theatre or a public house, and certainly could not marry. A Statute of Apprentices in 1563 had made apprenticeship compulsory for anyone who wished to enter a trade, and until 1814 no man could set up as a master or workman till he had served his seven years' apprenticeship. It is certain that William completed his apprenticeship successfully, as on the 2nd April, 17614 William was admitted as a Freeman of Hull5, the record stating 'William Lutherborough, same day and year, was admitted and sworn as a Burgess of the said town and to the King, by apprenticeship with Benjamin Maurklin Cabinet Maker'. On the 29th December, 17736, William made application for a Marriage Bond and a Licence, to marry Betty Wardell. The Marriage Bond was sworn by William, of the Parish of the Holy Trinity in Kingston-upon-Hull in the Diocese of York, Cabinetmaker, and Joseph Banks, Yeoman, also of Hull. William stated he was 34years old and a Bachelor and intended to marry Betty Wardell of the Parish of St Mary in Kingston-upon-Hull, aged 30years and a Spinster. William also indicated the marriage would take place in the Parish Church of the Holy Trinity, in the Town of Hull, which had been his usual place of Abode for the space of four weeks past. It was sworn before Arthur Robinson, Surrogate. William signed the document. The Marriage Licence was granted the same day, sworn and delivered by William Lutherborough and Jonathan Drakas, in the presence of Arthur Robinson, Surrogate. The document states that William and Jonathon were 'bound and firmly obligated to pay to Joseph Banks, the legal representative of the Church, the sum of Two Hundred Pounds of good and lawful money of Great Britain if the marriage failed to go ahead’. William and Betty married on the 5th January, 1774, at the Holy Trinity Church, Kingston-Upon-Hull7. Robert Webster, the Curate performed the marriage and the witnesses were Eliz Melling and Jonathon Drakas. William stated he was from the Parish and Mary from the Parish of St Mary. Both Betty and William signed the Register. Betty the daughter of Robert Wardell, a Glover, was baptized on the 22nd July, 17423, at St Mary and St Nicholas, Kingston-Upon-Hull, Yorkshire. Beverley is roughly 15km north of Hull, and was developed as a trade centre for textiles and leather. St Mary’s was built around the 14th Century. It is not known exactly where William and Betty actually lived after their marriage, though it is clear they stayed in Kingston-upon-Hull. Dated 12th & 13th October, 1774, the Poll Book of Kingston-upon-Hull, shows, William as a Cabinet-maker. Poll Books trace their origins to a 1696 act of Parliament designed to curb disputed election results and fraud. The remedy included requiring Sheriffs to make a list of voters and the candidate they voted for in county elections, which could then be published as Poll Books. Poll Books continued to be used for various elections until the secret ballot was introduced in 1872. Baptismal records of Kingston-upon-Hull show William and Betty had three children: Paul 1774, he married Ann Jackson in Australia 1810; Mary Ann 1776; and Robert 1778. Betty died from complication a few weeks after giving birth to Robert, and records indicate she was buried in Hull at the Holy Trinity Church, on the 5th May, 17782. It would appear Robert died shortly after his birth, as he was buried just three weeks before his mother2. After his wife’s death William appears to have changed occupation, as the Hull Directories 1790 - 1799 show that William was a Victualler and Carpenter of a Public House in Blanket Row in 17898. A victualler held a license which allowed the running of an Inn, supplying drink, food and accommodation to customers. It may also be that William was not only the Licensee of an Inn but also continued in his trade, and using his Cabinet-making skills modified the establishment he was leasing in order to increase the number of tenants he could have. This idea stems from a Register of Deeds dated the 18th February, 17899, which has been located. This document shows William had some dealings with a local Brewer in relation to changes to a tenement building, which was situated in Blanket Row. At this time there were a number of beer houses in this area, but the actual address or name of establishment that William was Licensee of has not been positively identified, although family story suggests it was possibly the Nags Head, which later became the Navigation Inn. Just three years later, at the age of 55, William died. Although the actual date of William's death is unknown, a burial record, dated the 22nd April, 1792, has been found for him in the Parish Register for Holy Trinity, Hull, Yorkshire2. This record supports the theory that as well as running an Inn, he also continued as a Cabinetmaker, as his occupation is recorded as a Joiner. The history of the Holy Trinity Church tells us that the Churchyard was closed for burials around 1778, so it is believed William was laid to rest in the Holy Trinity Burial Ground in Castle Street. There is no record of a headstone marking his final resting place. Sadly in 2015 work is to commence on an upgrade to the A63, Hull’s busiest road this will necessitate the exhumation and re-burial of up to 15,000 bodies. As the exact location of William’s grave, it is not known if he will be one of those re-located. A document for Probate administration of William's will, dated 29th April, 1796, has also been found10. This document indicates William died Intestate and all his goods were granted to his son Paul Lutherborough, who was his only next of kin. It is not known if Paul actually received anything from his father’s estate, but the date of this document leads to the speculation that a Bond may have been required to have the will proved, and this might have lead his son, Paul, to make the unwise decision to carry out a fraudulent act the same month.
References:
2. Parish Burial Record via East Riding of Yorkshire Archives 3. Parish Baptism Record via East Riding of Yorkshire Archives 4. Apprenticeship Indenture via Hull City Archives 5. Freemason Admission Record via Hull City Archives 6. Marriage Bond via Borthwick Institute for Archives, University of York 7. Parish Marriage Record via Hull City Archives 8. Facsimile reprint of the First Hull Directory, published in 1791 http://www.archive.org/details/facsimilereprint00batt 9. East Yorkshire Register of Deeds via East Riding of Yorkshire Archives 10. York Probate Administration. Borthwick Institue for Archives, University of York
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