Alfonso II (the Chaste), 759-842, king of Asturias and Alfonso I's grandson (791-842), established his capital at Oviedo and continued the struggle against the Moors.
Alfonso III (the Great), 838?-911?, king of Asturias (866-911?) recovered LE›N from the Moors, but after his forced abdication it was divided among his sons.
Alfonso V (the Noble), 994?-1027, king of Le›n (999-1027), chartered (1020) the city of Le›n, but he was killed in the siege of Viseu.
Alfonso VI, 1030-1109, king of Le›n (1065-1109) and CASTILE (1072-1109), took Galicia (1073) and became the most powerful Christian ruler in Spain. He conquered (1085) Toledo and other cities, but was defeated twice (1086, 1108) by Muslim armies.
Alfonso VII (the Emperor), 1104-57, king of Castile and Le›n (1126-57), gained supremacy over other Christian states and had himself crowned emperor (1135). But his conquests of C›RDOBA (1146) and Almera (1147) from the Moors were soon lost.
Alfonso VIII (the Noble), 1155-1214, king of Castile (1158-1214), restored order in his kingdom and won a victory (1212) over the Moors.
Alfonso X (the Wise), 1221-84, king of Castile and Le›n (1252-84), took C DIZ from the Moors (1262). His subjection of the nobles led to a revolt, and a civil war broke out over the succession during his last years. He was a great patron of science and the arts. The Alfonsine tables of astronomical data were published under his aegis.
Alfonso XI, 1311-50, king of Castile and Le›n (1312-50), lost Gibraltar to the Moors (1333) but won the great victory of Tarifa (1340) and conquered Algeciras (1344).
Alfonso XII, 1857-85, king of Spain (1874-85), was a popular monarch who consolidated the monarchy, suppressed republican agitation, and restored order.
Alfonso XIII, 1886-1941, king of Spain (1886-1931), supported the military dictatorship (1923-30) of Miguel PRIMO DE RIVERA, but social unrest and a republican election victory led to his deposition and exile (1931).
