Situated in northwestern Saudi Arabia, Tabouk is the provincial capital and headquarters of the Governor of the Tabouk region, local councils and branches of various governmental departments. It is spread over an area of 104,000 square kilometers. The region's ancient history dates back to 1500 BC. It is believed that the region of Tabouk was the land of Madyan and Dadan mentioned in the Holy books. It was known by the name "Taboo" when, with the town of Al Ola, it was the capital a prosperous state in the region. During the prosperous Saudi era, Tabouk has became famous for its agricultural products, particularly flowers. The region's flower exports to Europe include gladiola, lilies and statices. Tabouk's historic monuments include the mosque in which the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, performed his prayers during the battle of Tabouk. There is also the Tabouk fortress and the Hijaz Railway Station (the line used to link Al Madinah Al Munawarrah with Damascus during the Ottoman Era). Al Bidaa is an important archeological town of glorious history. Its rich civilization is reflected in the numerous caves carved in the mountain. There are also important archeological sites in Al Khuraibah, Rawwafa, Al Muwailih, Al Muzim and Taima. These include historic palaces and fortresses, wells, resting places and water wells.