(c) Copyright 2003 - 2004, Kenneth R. Conklin, Ph.D. All rights reserved
On February 23, 2000 the U.S. Supreme Court handed down its decision in Rice v. Cayetano.
https://www.angelfire.com/hi2/hawaiiansovereignty/ricevcayetano.html
The decision directly affected only the right of all eligible voters of the State of Hawai’i to vote, without racial restriction, for trustees of the Office of Hawaiian Affairs. But in making that decision the Supreme Court by a 7-2 vote explicitly declared that “Native Hawaiian” is a racial designation and not a political one. One logical consequence is that all the racial entitlement programs for Native Hawaiians sponsored by the state and federal governments are unconstitutional government-sponsored racial discrimination under the 14th Amendment equal protection clause. There are over 160 such programs (see below for a lengthy but incomplete list of them!) Therefore, defenders of such programs decided it would be necessary to get Congress to declare that Native Hawaiians are an Indian tribe, so that the entitlement programs could continue, and so that Native Hawaiians could continue to hold “tribal” elections restricted to “tribal” voters and “tribal” candidates.
Hawai’i’s Congressional delegation and OHA trustees immediately began writing what would later become known as the Native Hawaiian Recognition bill, or “Akaka bill,” to create a phony Indian tribe. They knew a public relations campaign would be needed to persuade Native Hawaiians, as well as non-Hawaiians, to support the legislation. The most important part of this campaign would be to scare people that without the legislation they would lose all their benefit programs. The Native Hawaiian beneficiaries would lose their benefits, but more importantly, the bloated bureaucracies of the service provider institutions would lose their money and power. Thus it was important to let people know how valuable those programs are for Native Hawaiians and for the economy of the State of Hawai’i.
On March 20, 2000, less than a month after the Rice decision, the Honolulu Star-Bulletin published an article identifying $440 Million in federal grants made to Native Hawaiian racial entitlement programs during the previous few years, as compiled by the Hawai’i Congressional delegation. “Bringing home the bacon” is an important part of what politicians do, and Hawai’i politicians are outstanding performers. Here is the Star-Bulletin article:
http://starbulletin.com/2000/03/20/special/story3.html
Hawaiian funding tops $440 million
By Pat Omandam, Star-Bulletin
THE U.S. Congress in recent years has awarded more than $440 million to native Hawaiians through legislation and grants, according to U.S. Sen. Daniel Inouye's office.
Many Hawaiians, including most on the Star-Bulletin roundtable, fear these programs and services are in jeopardy after the U.S. Supreme Court decision in the Rice vs. Cayetano case. The Feb. 23 ruling struck down the state's Hawaiians-only elections for the Office of Hawaiian Affairs, casting a cloud over other government programs for Hawaiians that are based solely on race.
To see what might be at stake, here's a condensed list of the recent congressional funding to native Hawaiians, the year(s) funded, the total amount awarded, and some of the top programs funded:
Native Hawaiian Education Act (1989-2000): $114.7 million received for seven programs. They include native Hawaiian family-based education centers ($41.4 million); the Native Hawaiian Higher Education Program ($20.8 million); and Na Pua No'eau, Native Hawaiian Gifted and Talented Program ($17.6 million).
Other education programs (1994-2000): $169.9 million for seven programs. They include Native Hawaiian Employment and Training Program ($91.2 million); Native Hawaiian Vocational and Education Program ($34.8 million); and Native Hawaiian Culture and Arts Program ($15.1 million).
Native Hawaiian Health Care Act (1994-2000): $35.5 million for two programs, Papa Ola Lokahi/Native Hawaiian Health Care Systems ($27.9 million) and the Native Hawaiian Health Professions Scholarship Program ($7.6 million).
Other health programs (1994-2000): $36.2 million for eight programs. They include the Native Hawaiian Elders Program ($15.4 million); Native Hawaiian Safe and Drug-Free Schools and Communities Program ($10 million); and the Native Hawaiian Health Research and Multi-Ethnic Health Research Project ($3.2 million).
Other congressional legislation related to native Hawaiians, their culture and the environment (year 2000 only): $66.8 million for 25 programs. They include Kahoolawe Island cleanup ($35 million); Bishop Museum Youth Training ($12.5 million); Hawaii Hansen's Disease ($2 million); and Kaloko-Honokohau National Historic Park ($1.1 million).
Native Hawaiian Education grants (1999): $2 million for six programs, including Maui Community College Halau Ao project ($199,640); Alu Like Inc. ($445,047); Aha Punana Leo ($564,759); Edith Kanakaole Foundation ($540,596); and Hawaiian Language College at the University of Hawaii-Hilo ($246,968).
Native Hawaiian Revolving Loan Fund (1999): $10 million.
Administration for Native American grants (1999): $5.5 million for 12 programs. They include Native Hawaiian Advisory Council ($3.2 million); Ha Hawaii ($320,751); Pacific American Foundation to preserve Hawaiian moon calendar ($316,856); and Anahola Homesteaders Council, Project Faith ($229,331).
Native Hawaiian Health Care Grants (1999): $109,936 for two programs, Health Resources and Services Administration ($9,936) and Hawaii Youth Services Network ($100,000).
------------------------------------
Bear in mind that these figures are only for a period of a few years or, in the case of some programs, for only one year. Furthermore, there are enormous figures left out. For example, the $35 Million mentioned for the cleanup of Kaho’olawe Island was only for the single year 2000; but the entire multi-year cleanup programs was authorized by Congress for $400 Million. It might be argued that this environmental cleanup is for an entire island of the State of Hawai’i and would therefore benefit all Hawai’i’s people; however, it is generally assumed in Hawai’i, and believed adamantly by Hawaiian activists, that the entire island of Kaho’olawe belongs to Native Hawaiians exclusively as a racial entitlement under terms written for the transfer of the island from federal to state control. Another figure not included in the article, which dwarfs everything else, is the $600 Million “settlement” which Governor John Waihe’e committed the State to pay to the Department of Hawaiian Homelands at the rate of $30 Million per year for 20 years, for the exclusive benefit of Native Hawaiians. Since the year 2000, there have been many more federal and state racial entitlement programs established at an accelerating rate. For example, there is a multimillion dollar annual appropriation to the Native Hawaiian Leadership Project, under the Native Hawaiian Education Act, providing scholarships for undergraduate, graduate, and even doctoral studies both in Hawai’i and elsewhere. And there have been numerous new medical programs, including establishment of an endowed chair of Native Hawaiian medicine at the University of Hawai’i medical school. The Hawaiian language immersion program in the public schools has been expanding, and an entire consortium of new charter schools has been established to provide Hawaiian culture immersion curriculum at public expense (naturally, nearly all the children in both the language and culture immersion programs are ethnic Hawaiian). For details about these public school programs, see:
https://www.angelfire.com/hi2/hawaiiansovereignty/edforhawnethnicnationbuilding.html
In addition tens of millions of dollars are annually given to the Office of Hawaiian Affairs in lieu of ceded land revenues. There are dozens of other government programs too numerous to mention here. For example, OHA has assets once valued at more than $400 Million, before the stock market decline. And Department of Hawaiian Homelands owns about 203,000 acres of land. Then there are private programs, like the racially exclusionary Kamehameha School with assets valued at somewhere between $6-15 Billion (yes, with a B!!). Such private racially exclusionary programs might also be challenged as illegal under civil rights laws, partly because they receive hundreds of millions in tax exemptions as charitable trusts. For information about Kamehameha School, see:
https://www.angelfire.com/hi2/hawaiiansovereignty/kamschool.html
In Summer 2002 research was done for plaintiffs in the Arakaki2 lawsuit showing astonishing amounts of state government money spent for OHA and DHHL. For details, see:
Each year ethnic Hawaiians and the bloated bureaucracies that “serve” them have a feast at the Hawai’i State Legislature. It is a feast of greedy and power-hungry legislation to provide more and more money for racially exclusionary entitlement programs. New programs are created every year, and budgets for ongoing programs are increased. Here is a snapshot of a portion of such legislation during the first month of a five month regular Legislative session in 2003. The actual bills themselves can be read, along with testimony against the bills by defenders of unity and equality. See:
https://www.angelfire.com/hi2/hawaiiansovereignty/hawnbillsleg2003.html
As it turns out, both ethnic Hawaiians and the general population of Hawai’i give very low priority to so-called “native Hawaiian” issues, giving ceded land revenues to OHA, building a race-based nation, etc. Two polls recently taken by OHA and by the Honolulu Advertiser confirm that both ethnic Hawaiians and the general population give high priority to education, healthcare, housing, clean environment, and improving traffic congestion; and very low priority to “native Hawaiian issues” and ethnic nation-building. From these surveys it could be inferred that ethnic Hawaiians are like everyone else, and want government to solve real problems for all of Hawai’i’s people rather than setting up racially segregated programs and trying to establish an apartheid government just for ethnic Hawaiians. See:
https://www.angelfire.com/hi2/hawaiiansovereignty/prioritieshawnonhaw.htm
Defenders of racial entitlement programs argued in the Rice case that Native Hawaiians are just like an Indian tribe. They argued that there is a federal trust relationship with Native Hawaiians. To prove the existence of such a trust relationship, they cited the existence of over 160 racially exclusionary federal entitlement programs for Native Hawaiians. The theory goes something like this: Suppose you give a beggar a dollar on Monday, and again on Tuesday and Wednesday. Then on Thursday you walk past without giving anything. The beggar jumps up and chases after you yelling that you have established a trust relationship with him, he has become dependant on your donation, and you owe him the dollar each day forevermore (plus increases for inflation and rising standard of living).
The Hawai’i Congressional delegation wrote an amicus brief in the Rice case, and cited as many of the racial entitlement programs as they could find, to prove the existence of the alleged federal trust relationship with Native Hawaiians. That list was contained in Appendix A to the amicus brief. The following is that list. It was published in the form of a table with column headings that do not translate easily into html. But the information, although somewhat disorderly in appearance on this webpage, is exactly what was provided. If the reader of this website has difficulty unscrambling the formatting of the entries, just imagine the financial and psychological difficulty the taxpayers of America have in paying for all these programs that most people are excluded from because of race. This should serve as a lesson to all of America: don’t start down a path of “affirmative action” racial preferences, because this is where such a path will lead. For an analysis of how affirmative action leads to racial entitlements followed by balkanization and demands for independent sovereignty, see:
https://www.angelfire.com/hi2/hawaiiansovereignty/afacracentakaka.html
=============================
APPENDIX A
Table of Federal Acts Affecting Native Hawaiians
FEDERAL ACT NAME SESSION LAW SUMMARY
CITE
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Act of June 21, Pub. L. No. Authorizes appropriations for the
1910 61-266, 36 Smithsonian Institute for ethnological
Stat. 703, research of American Indian and Native
718 (1910) Hawaiians.
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Act of Mar. 4, 1911 Pub. L. No. Authorizes appropriations for the
62-525, 36 Smithsonian Institute for ethnological
Stat. 1363, research of American Indians and Native
1395 (1911) Hawaiians.
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Act of Aug. 24, Pub. L. No. Authorizes appropriations for the
1912 63-302, 37 Smithsonian Institute for ethnological
Stat. 417, research of American Indians and Native
436 (1912) Hawaiians.
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Act of June 23, Pub. L. No. Authorizes appropriations for the
1913 63-3, 38 Smithsonian Institute for ethnological
Stat. 4, 26 research of American Indians and Native
(1913) Hawaiians.
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Act of Aug. 1, 1914 Pub. L. No. Authorizes appropriations for the
63-161, 38 Smithsonian Institute for ethnological
Stat. 609, research of American Indians and Native
625 (1914) Hawaiians.
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Act of Mar. 3, 1915 Pub. L. No. Authorizes appropriations for the
63-263, 38 Smithsonian Institute for ethnological
Stat. 822, research of American Indians and Native
838 (1915) Hawaiians.
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Act of July 1, 1916 Pub. L. No. Authorizes appropriations for the
64-132, 39 Smithsonian Institute for ethnological
Stat. 262, research of American Indians and Native
279 (1916) Hawaiians.
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Act of June 12, Pub. L. No. Authorizes appropriations for the
1917 65-21, 40 Smithsonian Institute for ethnological
Stat. 105, research of American Indians and Native
122 (1917) Hawaiians.
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Act of July 19, Pub. L. No. Authorizes appropriations for the
1919 66-21, 41 Smithsonian Institute for ethnological
Stat. 163, research of American Indians and Native
181 (1919) Hawaiians.
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Act of July 1, 1918 Pub. L. No. Authorizes appropriations for the
65-181, 40 Smithsonian Institute for ethnological
Stat. 634, research of American Indians and Native
651 (1918) Hawaiians.
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Act of June 5, 1920 Pub. L. No. Authorizes appropriations for the
66-246, 41 Smithsonian Institute for ethnological
Stat. 874, research of American Indians and Native
891 (1920) Hawaiians.
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Act of Mar. 4, 1921 Pub. L. No. Authorizes appropriations for the
66-388, 41 Smithsonian Institute for ethnological
Stat. 1367, research of American Indians and Native
1383 (1921) Hawaiians.
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Act of July 9, 1921 Pub. L. No. Creates a homesteading program for Native
66-34, 42 Hawaiians.
Stat. 108
(1921)
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Act of June 12, Pub. L. No. Authorizes appropriations for the
1922 67-240, 42 Smithsonian Institute for ethnological
Stat. 635, research of American Indians and Native
643 (1922) Hawaiians.
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Act of Feb. 3, 1923 Pub. L. No. Amends Hawaiian Homes Commission Act by
67-403, 42 increasing dollar limits for
Stat. 1221 residential loans and other provisions.
(1923)
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Act of Feb. 13, Pub. L. No. Authorizes appropriations for the
1923 67-409, 42 Smithsonian Institute for ethnological
Stat. 1227, research of American Indians and Native
1235 (1923) Hawaiians.
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Act of June 7, 1924 Pub. L. No. Authorizes appropriations for the
68-214, 43 Smithsonian Institute for ethnological
Stat. 521, research of American Indians and Native
528 (1924) Hawaiians.
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Act of Mar. 3, 1925 Pub. L. No. Authorizes appropriations for the
68-586, 43 Smithsonian Institute for ethnological
Stat. 1198, research of American Indians and Native
1206 (1925) Hawaiians.
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Act of Apr. 22, Pub. L. No. Authorizes appropriations for the
1926 69-141, 44 Smithsonian Institute for ethnological
Stat. 305, research of American Indians and Native
315 (1926) Hawaiians.
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Act of Feb. 11, Pub. L. No. Authorizes appropriations for the
1927 69-600, 44 Smithsonian Institute for ethnological
Stat. 1069, research of American Indians and Native
1079 (1927) Hawaiians.
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Act of Mar. 7, 1928 Pub. L. No. Amends the Hawaiian Homes Commission Act
70-105, 45 by requiring an annual area disposal
Stat. 246 limit and increases the dollar amount
(1928) within the Hawaiian Home Loan fund.
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Act of May 16, 1928 Pub. L. No. Authorizes appropriations for the
70-400, 45 Smithsonian Institute for ethnological
Stat. 573, research of American Indians and Native
583 (1928) Hawaiians, including excavation and
preservation of archaeologic remains.
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Act of Feb. 20, Pub. L. No. Authorizes appropriations for the
1929 70-778, 45 Smithsonian Institute for ethnological
Stat. 1230, research of American Indians and Native
1241 (1929) Hawaiians.
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Act of Apr. 19, Pub. L. No. Authorizes appropriations for the
1930 71-158, 46 Smithsonian Institute for ethnological
Stat. 229, research of American Indians and Native
241 (1930) Hawaiians.
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Act of July 26, Pub. L. No. Requires three of five Hawaiian Homes
1935 74-223, 49 Commission members to be at least
Stat. 504 one-quarter Native Hawaiian.
(1935)
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Act of July 10, Pub. L. No. Amends Hawaiian Homes Commission Act by
1937 75-200, 50 establishing age minimum for lessee and
Stat. 497, adding more lands under the Act.
503 (1937)
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Act of June 20, Pub. L. No. Authorizes leasing land within the
1938 75-680, § 3, Hawai'i National Park to Native
52 Stat. 784, Hawaiians and recognizes limited Native
784-85 (1938) Hawaiian fishing rights in the area.
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Act of Nov. 26, Pub. L. No. Amends Hawaiian Homes Commission Act by
1941 77-325, § 3, creating a Home Development fund and
55 Stat. 782, allowing investing of loan fund.
782 (1941)
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Act of May 31, 1944 Pub. L. No. Amends Hawaiian Homes Commission Act by
78-320, 58 returning lands under the Commission's
Stat. 260, jurisdiction to the Territory of
264 (1944) Hawai'i.
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Act of June 14, Pub. L. No. Amends Hawaiian Homes Commission Act by
1948 80-638, 62 authorizing churches, hospitals,
Stat. 390 schools, theaters, and the Federal
(1948) government to use the land.
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Act of July 9, 1952 Pub. L. No. Amends Hawaiian Homes Commission Act by
82-481, 66 adding lands to the Commission's
Stat. 511, jurisdiction.
514 (1952)
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Act of July 9, 1952 Pub. L. No. Amends Hawaiian Homes Commission Act by
82-482, 66 increasing dollar amounts in the
Stat. 514 Hawaiian Homes Land Fund and the
(1952) Hawaiian Homes Development Fund.
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Act of June 18, Pub. L. No. Amends Hawaiian Homes Commission Act by
1954 83-417, 68 authorizing leases for irrigated
Stat. 263 pastoral lands.
(1954)
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Hawai'i Admission Pub. L. No. Admits Hawai'i as a State and establishes
Act, Act of Mar. 86-3, § 5(f), a public trust for the betterment of
18, 1959 73 Stat. 4, 6 the conditions of Native Hawaiians, as
(1959) defined by the Hawaiian Homes
Commission Act.
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Act of Dec. 23, Pub. L. No. Protects the corpus of the public lands
1963 88-233, 77 trust, whose intended beneficiaries are
Stat. 472 Native Hawaiians, by revising
(1963) procedures under the Hawai'i Statehood
Act.
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Act of July 11, Pub. L. No. Designates Honokohau as a National
1972 92-346, 86 Historical Landmark and authorizes
Stat. 457 preservation of the site, giving
(1972) employment preference to and providing
training for Native Hawaiians.
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Native American Pub. L. No. Promotes Native Hawaiian, American
Programs Act of 93-644, § Indian, and Alaska Native economic and
1974 801, 88 Stat. social self-sufficiency through
2291, 2324 financial assistance to agencies
(1975) serving Native Hawaiians.
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Departments of Pub. L. No. Appropriates funds for Native American
Labor and Health, 94-206, 90 programs (includes Native Hawaiians).
Education, and Stat. 3
Welfare (1975)
Appropriation
Act, 1976
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Act of Oct. 17, Pub. L. No. Preserves Kalaupapa Settlement and
1976 94-518, § authorizes a preference for former
401-405, 90 patients and Native Hawaiians to manage
Stat. 2447, the site.
2447, 2449
(1976)
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Act of Aug. 5, 1977 Pub. L. No. Amends the Comprehensive Employment
95-93, sec. Training Act of 1973 to include
303, § employment training programs for Native
701(a), 91 Hawaiians.
Stat. 627,
650 (1977)
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Joint Resolution, Pub. L. No. Recognizes the rights American Indians,
American Indian 95-341, 92 Eskimos, Aleuts, and Native Hawaiians
Religious Freedom Stat. 469 to practice their traditional
(1978) religions.
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Act of Nov. 20, Pub. L. No. Appropriates funds for Native Hawaiian
1979 96-123, 93 health and human services programs as
Stat. 923 allowed under authorizing legislation,
(1979) including assistance to research
institutions with Indian, Alaska
Native, Native Hawaiian, Hispanic, and
Black students.
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Education Pub. L. No. Creates Advisory Council on Native
Amendments of 96-374, § Hawaiian Education to study the
1980 1331, 94 effectiveness of State and Federal
Stat. 1367, education programs for Native
1499 (1980) Hawaiians.
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Act of Dec. 22, Pub. L. No. Establishes Kalaupapa National Historic
1980 96-565, § § Park which shall be administered by
101-110, 94 Hansen's Disease patients and Native
Stat. 3321, Hawaiians.
3321-23
(1980)
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Urgent Supplemental Pub. L. No. Appropriates funds for nursing research
Appropriations 97-216, 96 grants and encourages that priority be
Act, 1982 Stat. 180 given to Native Hawaiians, other Native
(1982) Americans, native American Pacific
islanders, and Hispanics.
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Supplemental Pub. L. No. Appropriates funds to promote economic
Appropriations 97-257, 96 and social self-sufficiency of Native
Act, 1982 Stat. 818 Americans, including Native Hawaiians;
(1982) also appropriates funds for Native
Hawaiian education and health programs
as allowed under authorizing
legislation.
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Act of July 30, Pub. L. No. Appropriates funds to address the unique
1983 98-63, 97 health needs of Native Americans,
Stat. 301 including Native Hawaiians; also urges
(1983) the National Cancer Institute to give
greater attention to the Native
Hawaiian population.
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Native Hawaiian Pub. L. No. Establishes Native Hawaiian Study
Study Commission 96-565, § § Commission to study the culture, needs,
Act 301-307, 94 and concerns of Native Hawaiians.
Stat. 3321,
3324-27
(1980)
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Department of Pub. L. No. Appropriates funds to the Administration
Health and Human 98-139, 97 for Native Americans which promotes
Services Stat. 871 social and economic self-sufficiency
Appropriation (1983) for Native Americans, including Native
Act, 1984 Hawaiians; also appropriates funds to
combat alcoholism among Native
Hawaiians and declares Native Hawaiian
cancer research a priority.
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Department of Labor Pub. L. No. Appropriates funds for vocational
Appropriation 98-139, 97 training and other labor services for
Act, 1984 Stat. 871 Native Hawaiians and other Native
(1983) Americans.
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Department of Pub. L. No. Appropriates funds for Native Hawaiian
Education 98-139, 97 education programs as allowed under
Appropriation Stat. 871 authorizing legislation.
Act, 1984 (1983)
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Act of Dec. 21, Pub. L. No. Appropriates funds to address alcohol
1982 97-377, 96 abuse among Native Hawaiians.
Stat. 1830
(1982)
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Act of Aug. 22, Pub. L. No. Appropriates funds for a Native Hawaiian
1984 98-396, 99 health study and report.
Stat. 1369
(1984)
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Act of Oct. 12, Pub. L. No. Appropriates funds for historic
1984 98-473, 99 preservation of marine resources,
Stat. 1837 including the Hawaiian voyaging canoe
(1984) Hokule'a.
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Department of Pub. L. No. Appropriates funds for Native Hawaiian
Health and Human 98-619, 99 programs to promote economic and social
Services Stat. 3305 self sufficiency; also appropriates
Appropriation (1984) funds for parent-child centers and for
Act, 1985 Native Hawaiian cancer research.
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Department of Pub. L. No. Appropriates funds for Native Hawaiian
Education Act, 98-619, 99 education programs as allowed under
1985 Stat. 3305 authorizing legislation.
(1984)
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Act of Dec. 19, Pub. L. No. Appropriates funds for education
1985 99-190, 99 assistance to health profession
Stat. 1185 students who will serve geographical
(1985) concentrations of Native Hawaiians and
Indian reservations.
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American Indian, Pub. L. No. Authorizes grants to support a program
Alaska Native and 99-498, § § for Native Hawaiian culture and arts
Native Hawaiian 1501-1503, development.
Culture and Art 1521- 1522,
Development Act 100 Stat.
1268, 1600,
1610-11
(1986)
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Anti-Drug Abuse Act Pub. L. No. Authorizes the Health and Human Services
of 1986 99-570, § Secretary to contract with
4134, 100 organizations that provide drug abuse
Stat. 3207, prevention, education, treatment, and
3207-134 rehabilitation services to Native
(1986) Hawaiians.
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Act of July 11, Pub. L. No. Appropriates funds for the Native
1987 100-71, 101 Hawaiian Culture and Arts Development
Stat. 391 Program.
(1987)
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Native American Pub. L. No. Establishes Native Hawaiian Revolving
Programs Act 100-175, sec. loan fund for Native Hawaiian
Amendments of 506, § 803A, organizations and Native Hawaiians to
1987 101 Stat. promote economic development.
926, 926-75
(1987)
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Department of Pub. L. No. Appropriates funds for Native Hawaiian
Health and Human 100-202, 101 health programs under authorizing
Services Stat. legislation.
Appropriations 1329-263
Act, 1988 (1987)
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Jacob K. Javits Pub. L. No. Authorizes grants or contracts with
Gifted and 100-297, sec. institutions (including Indian tribes
Talented Students 1001, § § and Native Hawaiian organizations) to
Education Act of 4101-4108, carry out programs or projects designed
1988 102 Stat. to meet the educational needs of gifted
130, 237 and talented students.
(1988)
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Drug-Free Schools Pub. L. No. Authorizes education grants, cooperative
and Communities 100-297, sec. agreements, or contracts with
Act of 1986 1001, § § organizations that primarily serve and
5112, 5134, represent Native Hawaiians; also
102 Stat. appropriates funds for drug abuse
130, 253, 261 education and prevention programs for
(1988) Native Hawaiians.
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Augustus F. Pub. L. No. Recognizes the Federal government's legal
Hawkins-Robert T. 100-297, § § responsibility to enforce Hawai'i's
Stafford 4001-4009, trust responsibilities to Native
Elementary and 102 Stat. Hawaiians and creates new education
Secondary School 130, 358 programs targeting a model curriculum,
Improvement (1988) family based education centers, gifted
Amendments of and talented, and special education
1988 programs.
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Veterans' Benefits Pub. L. No. Adds Native Hawaiians to the Advisory
and Services Act 100-322, § Committee on Native American Veterans
of 1988 413, 102 which evaluates programs for Native
Stat. 487, American veterans.
487 (1988)
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Indian Housing Act Pub. L. No. Requires assessment of the housing and
of 1988 100-358, sec. mortgage needs of Native Hawaiians.
2, § 204, 102
Stat. 676,
679 (1988)
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National Science Pub. L. No. Reserves percentage of appropriation for
Foundation 100-418, § institutions of higher learning that
University 6402, 102 serve Native Americans (including
Infrastructure Stat. 1107, Native Hawaiians) and specific ethnic
Act of 1988 1543 (1988) groups.
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Department of Pub. L. No. Appropriates funds for Native Hawaiian
Health and Human 100-436, 102 health programs under authorizing
Services Stat. 1688 legislation.
Appropriations (1988)
Act, 1989
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Native Hawaiian Pub. L. No. Authorizes programs to improve the health
Health Care Act 100-579, 102 status of Native Hawaiians; authorizes
of (1988) Stat. 2916 grants or contracts with Papa Ola
(1988); Pub. Lokahi to develop comprehensive heath
L. No. care master plan to improve Native
100-690, § Hawaiian health.
2301-2312,
102 Stat.
4181, 4223
(1988)
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Health Professions Pub. L. No. Provides health professionals with
Reauthorization 100-607, sec. incentives to staff health centers
Act of 1988 604, § 751, serving Native Hawaiians, Indians, and
102 Stat. rural areas.
3048, 3126
(1988)
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Nursing Shortage Pub. L. No. Authorizes grants to nursing schools,
Reduction and 100-607, sec. loan repayment incentives to encourage
Education 714-715, § work with Native Hawaiians, Indians, or
Extension Act of 836(h), 102 in rural areas, and scholarship grants
1988 Stat. 3048, to nursing schools whose students serve
3161 (1988) two years at an Indian Heath Service
facility or a Native Hawaiian health
center.
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Handicapped Pub. L. No. Amends the Education of the Handicapped
Programs 100-630, sec. Act which provides handicapped Native
Technical 102, § 616, Hawaiian (and other native Pacific
Amendments Act of 102 Stat. basin) children with a free appropriate
1988 3289, 3296 public education.
(1988)
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Business Pub. L. No. Amends the Small Business Act by
Opportunity 100-656, sec. including economically-disadvantaged
Development 207, § 8(a), Native Hawaiian organizations as
Reform Act of 102 Stat. socially and economically disadvantaged
1988 Small 3853, 3861 small business concerns.
Business (1988)
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Comprehensive Pub. L. No. Amends the Public Health Service Act by
Alcohol Abuse, 100-690, sec. establishing the formula to fund
Drug Abuse, and 2022, § comprehensive substance abuse and
Mental Health 1912A, 102 treatment programs for Native
Amendments Act of Stat. 4181, Hawaiians.
1988 4194 (1988)
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Indian Health Care Pub. L. No. Amends the Public Health Service Act by
Amendments of 100-713, sec. creating a Native Hawaiian Health
1988 106, § 338J, Professions Scholarship program.
102 Stat.
4784, 4787
(1988)
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Department of Pub. L. No. Appropriates funds for Native Hawaiian
Health and Human 101-166, 103 health programs under authorizing
Services Stat. 1166 legislation.
Appropriations (1989)
Act, 1990
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Department of Pub. L. No. Appropriates funds for Native Hawaiian
Education 101-166, 103 education programs under authorizing
Appropriations Stat. 1179 legislation.
Act, 1990 (1989)
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National Museum of Pub. L. No. Establishes the National Museum of the
the American 101-185, 103 American Indian which will study Native
Indian Act Stat. 1336 Americans, collect, preserve, and
(1989) exhibit Native American objects,
provide a Native American research and
study program, and authorizes the
return of Smithsonian-held Native
American human remains and funerary
objects; Native Americans includes
Native Hawaiians.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Department of Pub. L. No. Establishes commission to study and
Housing and Urban 101-235, § § propose solutions to Indian, Alaska
Development 601-605, 103 Native, and Native Hawaiian housing
Reform Act of Stat. 1987, problems.
1989 2052 (1989)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Veterans' Benefits Pub. L. No. Authorizes the study of Native Hawaiian
Amendments of 101-237, sec. veterans' and other Native American
1989 312, § 3102, veterans' participation in Veterans
103 Stat. Affairs' home loan guaranty program.
2062 (1989)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dire Emergency Pub. L. No. Authorizes appropriations for the
Supplemental 101-302, 104 National Commission on American Indian,
Appropriation for Stat. 213, Alaska Native, and Native Hawaiian
Disaster 239 (1990) housing and provides grant money to
Assistance, Food Indian and Hawaiian Native youth for
Stamps, the Drug-Free Schools and Communities
Unemployment Act.
Compensation
Administration,
and Other Urgent
Needs, and
Transfers, and
Reducing Funds
Budgeted for
Military Spending
Act of 1990
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Native American Pub. L. No. Adopts the policy to preserve, protect,
Languages Act 101-477, § § and promote the rights and freedom of
101-104, 104 Native Americans to use, practice, and
Stat. 1152, develop Native American languages;
1154 (1990) Native Americans include Native
Hawaiians.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Department of Pub. L. No. Authorizes appropriations for the Native
Health and Human 101-517, 104 Hawaiian Health Care Act of 1988.
Services Stat. 2190
Appropriations (1990)
Act, 1991
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Department of Pub. L. No. Authorizes appropriations for Native
Education 101-517, 104 Hawaiian education programs under
Appropriations Stat. 2190 authorizing legislation.
Act, 1991 (1990)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Disadvantaged Pub. L. No. Authorizes grants to health profession
Minority Health 101-527, sec. schools to assist programs of
Improvement Act 4, § 782, 104 excellence for Native Hawaiians, other
of 1990 Stat. 2311, Native Americans, and specified ethnic
2321 (1990) groups.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Native American Pub. L. No. Provides for the protection of Native
Graves Protection 101-601, 104 American graves and repatriation of
and Repatriation Stat. 3048 funerary objects, human remains, and
Act (1990) objects of cultural patrimony; Native
Americans include Native Hawaiians.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cranston-Gonzalez Pub. L. No. Authorizes appropriations for the
National 101-625, sec. Neighborhood Reinvestment Corporation
Affordable 917, § 109, which serves rural communities, Native
Housing Act 104 Stat. Americans, Native Hawaiians, and other
4079, 4398 communities in need.
(1990)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Act of Nov. 29, Pub. L. No. Amends the Public Health Service Act by
1990 101-644, sec. providing scholarship assistance to
401, § Native Hawaiian students.
338J(a), 104
Stat. 4662,
4668 (1990)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Act of Nov. 29, Pub. L. No. Amends the American Indian, Alaska
1990 101-644, sec. Native, and Native Hawaiian Culture and
501-502, § § Art Development Act by allowing
1507, 1510, interest and earnings to be used to
104 Stat. carry out the Institute's
4662, 4668 responsibilities.
(1990)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National Dropout Pub. L. No. Amends the Carl D. Perkins Vocational and
Prevention Act of 102-103, sec. Applied Technology Education Act by
1991 311, § providing stipends to Native Hawaiian
103(b), 105 vocational students.
Stat. 497,
505 (1991)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Departments of Pub. L. No. Authorizes appropriations for the
Veterans Affairs 102-139, 105 National Commission on American Indian,
and Housing and Stat. 736 Alaska Native, and Native Hawaiian
Urban (1991) Housing.
Development, and
Independent
Agencies
Appropriations
Act, 1992
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Department of Pub. L. No. Appropriates funds for Native Hawaiian
Health and Human 102-170, 105 health programs under authorizing
Services Stat. 1107 legislation.
Appropriations (1991)
Act, 1992
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Department of Pub. L. No. Appropriates funds for Native Hawaiian
Education 102-170, 105 education programs under authorizing
Appropriations Stat. 1107 legislation.
Act 1992 (1991)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Department of Pub. L. No. Amends the National Defense Authorization
Defense 102-172, 105 Act so that a disadvantaged small
Appropriations Stat. 1150 business concern includes a small
Act 1992 (1991) business concern owned and controlled
by socially and economically
disadvantaged individuals, an Indian
tribe, a Native Hawaiian organization,
or an organization employing the
severely disabled.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Act of Dec. 11, Pub. L. No. Amends title 38 (Veterans' Benefits) to
1991 102-218, sec. designate the Chief Minority Affairs
1, § 317, 105 Officer as an adviser on the effect of
Stat. 1671 policies, regulations, and programs on
(1991) Native Hawaiians, other Native
Americans, women, and minority groups.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ADAMHA Pub. L. No. Amends the Public Health Services Act by
Reorganization 102-321, sec. requiring the State of Hawai'i to
Act 203, § 1953, contract with organizations which plan,
106 Stat. conduct, and administer comprehensive
323, 409 substance abuse and treatment programs
(1992) for Native Hawaiians.
(Alcohol, Drug
Abuse, and Mental
Health
Administration)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Higher Education Pub. L. No. Amends the Higher Education Amendments of
Amendments of 102-325, sec. 1965 by authorizing Federal repayment
1992 305, § § of loan for nurses working in a Native
357(b)(7), Hawaiian Health Center (also in Indian
1406, 106 Health Service); gives preference to
Stat. 448, Teacher Corps applicants intending to
479, 818 teach on Indian reservations or in
(1992) Alaska Native villages or in areas with
high concentrations of Native
Hawaiians; also, authorizes biennial
education survey on Native Hawaiians,
other Native Americans, and other
groups including the disabled,
disadvantaged, and minority students.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Higher Education Pub. L. No. Amends the Higher Education Act of 1965
Facilities Act of 102-325, sec. by authorizing grants and fellowships
1992 422, § to promote higher education of Indians,
428J(a), 106 Alaska Natives, and Native Hawaiians,
Stat. 448, along with specified ethnic groups.
541 (1992)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Job Training Reform Pub. L. No. Authorizes employment and recruitment
Amendments of 102-367, sec. preference for Native Hawaiians,
1992 401, § 401, Indians, and Alaska Natives for a new
106 Stat. office that will administer Native
1021, 1074 American programs; also creates a
(1992) Native American Employment and Training
Council with membership of Indians,
Alaska Natives, and Native Hawaiians
that will solicit views on issues
program operation and administration.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Older Americans Act Pub. L. No. Amends the Older Americans Act Amendment
Amendment of 1992 102-375, sec. of 1965 by creating an advocate for
201, § older Indians, Alaskan Natives, and
201(c)(3), Native Hawaiians to promote enhanced
106 Stat. delivery of services and grants, and
1195, 1203 authorizes appropriations for these
(1992) activities.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Native American Pub. L. No. Amends Native American Programs Act by
Programs Act 102-375, sec. requiring the filing of annual report
Amendments of 811, 822, § § on the social and economic conditions
1992 803A, 811A, of American Indians, Native Hawaiians,
106 Stat. other Native American Pacific Islanders
1195, 1295, (including American Samoan Natives),
1296 (1992) and Alaska Natives, and authorizes
appropriations for the Native American
programs.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Department of the Pub. L. No. Authorizes appropriations for the Alaska
Interior and 102-381, 106 Native Culture and Arts Development Act
Related Agencies Stat. 1374 which also provides funds for Native
Appropriations (1993) Hawaiians.
Act, 1993
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Departments of Pub. L. No. Provides for appropriations for the
Veterans Affairs 102-389, 106 National Commission on American Indian,
and Housing and Stat. 1571 Alaska Native, and Native Hawaiian
Urban (1992) Housing in carrying out functions under
Development, and the Department of Housing and Urban
Independent Development Reform Act of 1989.
Agencies
Appropriations
Act, 1993
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Department of Pub. L. No. Specifies funding guidelines for the
Health and Human 102-394, 106 Native Hawaiian Health Care Act of
Services Stat. 1792 1988.
Appropriations (1992)
Act, 1993
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Department of Pub. L. No. Appropriates funds for Native Hawaiian
Education 102-394, 106 education programs under authorizing
Appropriations Stat. 1792 legislation.
Act, 1993 (1992)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Department of Pub. L. No. Amends the Native Hawaiian Health Care
Defense 102-396, 106 Act of 1988 by establishing health
Appropriations Stat. 1876 goals for Native Hawaiians and
Act, 1993 (1993) scholarships for Native Hawaiian health
students.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Joint Resolution to Pub. L. No. Agrees to the adoption of amendments
consent to 102-398, 106 enacted by the State of Hawai'i to the
certain Stat. 1953 Hawaiian Homes Commission Act of 1920.
amendments (1992)
enacted by the
legislature of
the State of
Hawai'i to the
Hawaiian Homes
Commission Act,
1920.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Veterans' Medical Pub. L. No. Requires development of a plan to treat
Programs 102-405, § veterans' post-traumatic stress
Amendments of 123, 106 disorder, especially the needs of
1992 Stat. 1972, Native Hawaiians, other Native
1982 (1992) Americans, women, and ethnic
minorities.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Health Professions Pub. L. No. Amends the Public Health Services Act by
Education 102-408, sec. authorizing grants to health
Extension 102, § 739, professions schools to support programs
Amendments of 106 Stat. of excellence in health professions
1992 1992, 2055 education for Native Hawaiians, other
(1992) Native Americans, and minority
individuals.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nurse Education and Pub. L. No. Amends the Public Health Service Act by
Practice 102-408, sec. authorizing the repayment of school
Improvement 102, § 846, loans for nurses who work two years in
Amendments of 106 Stat. an Indian Health Service health center,
1992. 1992, 2031 in a Native Hawaiian health center, in
(1992) a public hospital, in a migrant health
center, in a community health center,
in a rural health clinic, or in a
public or nonprofit private health
facility.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Veterans' Home Loan Pub. L. No. Amends Title 38 by providing direct
Program 102-547, sec. housing loans to Native American
Amendments of 8, § § veterans (including Native Hawaiians)
1992 3761-3764, and includes the Department of Hawaiian
106 Stat. Homelands in the definition of "tribal
3633, 3639 organization."
(1992)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Housing and Pub. L. No. Authorizes appropriations for National
Community 102-550, sec. Commission on American Indians, Alaska
Development Act 128, § 605, Natives, and Native Hawaiian housing.
of 1992 106 Stat.
3672 (1992)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hawai'i Tropical Pub. L. No. Establishes the Hawai'i Tropical Forest
Forest Recovery 102-574, § 4, Recovery Task Force which will make
Act. 106 Stat. recommendations for rejuvenating
4593, 4597 Hawaii's tropical forests, including
(1992) the traditional practices, uses, and
needs of Native Hawaiians in tropical
forests.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National Historic Pub. L. No. Amends the National Historic Preservation
Preservation Act 102-575, sec. Act to protect Native Hawaiian, Indian,
Amendments of 4002, 4006, and Alaska Native religious and
1992 § § 2, 101, cultural sites, including authorizing
106 Stat. direct grants to Indian tribes and
4600, 4753 Native Hawaiian organizations to
(1992) preserve, stabilize, restore, or
rehabilitate religious properties.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Veterans Health Pub. L. No. Authorizes Native Hawaiian Health centers
Care Act of 1992 102-585, sec. to purchase pharmaceuticals at the
602, § 340B, Federal government-negotiated price.
106 Stat.
4943, 4967
(1992)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Department of Pub. L. No. Authorizes appropriations for the Native
Health and Human 103-112, Hawaiian Health Care Act of 1988.
Services Stat. 1082
Appropriations (1993)
Act, 1994
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Department of Pub. L. No. Authorizes appropriations for Native
Education 103-112, Hawaiian education programs under
Appropriations Stat. 1082 authorizing legislation.
Act, 1994 (1993)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
100th Anniversary Pub. L. No. Acknowledges and apologizes for the
of the Overthrow 103-150, 107 United States' role in the overthrow of
of the Hawaiian Stat. 1510 the Kingdom of Hawai'i.
Kingdom (1993)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Goals 2000: Educate Pub. L. No. Establishes National Education Goals for
America Act 103-227, sec. schools and students from diverse
2-3, 108 backgrounds, including Indians, Alaska
Stat. 125, Natives, and Native Hawaiians, the
129 (1994) disabled, and limited English-speakers.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
School-to-Work Pub. L. No. Establishes school-to-work activities to
Opportunities Act 103-239, sec. improve the knowledge and skills of
of 1994 3-4, 108 youths from various backgrounds and
Stat. 568, circumstances, including disadvantaged
572 (1994) students, students with diverse racial,
ethnic, or cultural backgrounds,
American Indians, Alaska Natives,
Native Hawaiians, students with
disabilities, students with
limited-English proficiency, migrant
children, school dropouts, and
academically talented students.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alaska Native Pub. L. No. Amends the Higher Education Act of 1986
Culture and Arts 103-239, sec. by authorizing grants to organizations
Development Act 721, § 1521, that primarily serve and represent
108 Stat. Native Hawaiians or Alaska Natives to
568, 572 support Native culture and art
(1994) programs.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Department of Pub. L. No. Authorizes appropriations for Native
Health and Human 103-333,108 Hawaiian health.
Services Stat. 2539
Appropriations (1994)
Act, 1995
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Department of Pub. L. No. Authorizes appropriations for Native
Education 103-333, 108 Hawaiian education.
Appropriations Stat. 2539
Act, 1995 (1994)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Department of Pub. L. No. Authorizes preference to Native Hawaiian
Defense 103-335, 108 contractors restoring Kaho'olawe's
Appropriations Stat. 2599 environment.
Act, 1995 (1994)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Safe and Drug-Free Pub. L. No. Authorizes grants for Native
Schools and 103-382, sec. Hawaiian-serving institutions to plan,
Communities Act 101, § § 4004, conduct, and administer violence and
of 1994 4011, 4118, drug prevention programs.
108 Stat.
3518, 3674,
3674, 3685
(1994)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Native Hawaiian Pub. L. No. Recognizes that Native Hawaiians are
Education Act 103-382, sec. indigenous people and authorizes, among
101, § other things, grants to assist Native
9201-9212, Hawaiians in achieving national
108 Stat. education goals.
3518, 3794
(1994)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Jacob K. Javits Pub. L. No. Authorizes grants and/or contracts to
Gifted and 103-382, sec. Native Hawaiian organizations and
Talented Students 101, § 10201, Indian tribes to assist in carrying out
Education Act of 108 Stat. programs or projects for
1994 3518, 3820 gifted/talented students.
(1994)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Improving America's Pub. L. No. Provides support, training, assistance to
Schools Act of 103-382, sec. grant recipients to improve the quality
1994 101, § 13102, of education for immigrants, migrants,
108 Stat. the poor, American Indians, Alaska
3518, 3878 Natives, and Native Hawaiians.
(1994)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bilingual Education Pub. L. No. Authorizes grants to implement new
Act 103-382, sec. comprehensive bilingual education
101, § § 7101, programs for Native American and Native
7104, 7136, Hawaiian languages.
108 Stat.
3518, 3716,
3718, 3732
(1994)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Improving America's Pub. L. No. Authorizes subgrants from State and local
Schools Act of 103-382, sec. governments to implement a bilingual
1994 (Part E) 101, § 7501, education program for the ancestral
108 Stat. languages of American Indians, Alaska
3518, 3745 Natives, and Native Hawaiians.
(1994)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Native American Pub. L. No. Establishes memorial to recognize
Veterans' 103-384, § 2, contributions of Native American
Memorial 108 Stat. Veterans (American Indians, Native
Establishment Act 4067, 4067 Alaskans, and Native Hawaiians).
of 1994 (1994)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Veterans' Benefits Pub. L. No. Authorizes creation of a Center for
Improvements Act 103-446, sec. Minority Veterans and Advisory
of 1994 510, § 544, Committee on Minority Veterans to be
108 stat. more responsive to the needs of Native
4645, 4669 Hawaiian, American Indian, Alaska
(1994) Native, and ethnic minority veterans.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hawaiian Home Lands Pub. L. No. Settles Department of Hawaiian Home Lands
Recovery Act 104-42, § § claims against the Federal government
201-06, 109 for the value of the lost use of lands
Stat. 353, by Native Hawaiians.
357 (1995)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Balanced Budget Pub. L. No. Authorizes appropriations to cover
Down payment Act 104-99, § termination of Native Hawaiian and
115, 110 Alaska Native Cultural Arts
Stat. 26, 29
(1996)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National Defense Pub. L. No. Authorizes upgrading the Distinguished
Authorization Act 104-106, § Service Cross to the Medal of Honor for
for FY 1996 524, 110 World War II Native American Pacific
Stat. 186 Islander veterans (including Native
(1996) Hawaiians).
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Department of Pub. L. No. Authorizes appropriations for the Native
Health and Human 104-134, 110 Hawaiian Health Care Act of 1988.
Services Stat. 1321
Appropriations (1996)
Act, 1996
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Department of Pub. L. No. Authorizes appropriations for Native
Education 104-134, 110 Hawaiian education programs under
Appropriations Stat. 1321 authorizing legislation.
Act, 1996 (1996)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Child Care and Pub. L. No. Amends the Child Care and Develpment
Development Block 104-193, sec. Block Grant Act of 1990 by authorizing
Grand Amendment 614, § 658P, Native Hawaiian organizations to apply
of 1996 110 Stat. for grants or enter into contracts with
2105, 2287 the Health and Human Services Secretary
(1196) to improve child care, increase the
availability of early childhood
development, and increase before and
after school care services.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Departments of Pub. L. No. Authorizes the Housing Secretary to waive
Veterans Affairs 104-204, sec. anti-discrimination provisions of the
and Housing and 213, § 282, Cranston-Gonzales National Affordable
Urban 110 Stat. Housing Act for lands set aside under
Development, and 2874, 2904 the Hawaiian Homes Commission Act,
Independent (1996) 1920.
Agencies
Appropriations
Act, 1997
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Department of Pub. L. No. Authorizes appropriations for the Native
Health and Human 104-208, 110 Hawaiian Health Care Act of 1988 and
Services Stat. (3009) Older Americans Act of 1965.
Appropriations (1996)
Act, 1997
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Department of Pub. L. No. Authorizes appropriations for Native
Education 104-208, 110 Hawaiian education programs under
Appropriations Stat. 3009 authorizing legislation.
Act, 1997 (1996)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National Museum of Pub. L. No. Amends National Museum of the American
the American 104-278, sec. Indian Act by authorizing repatriation
Indian Act 4, § 11A, 110 of Indian and Native Hawaiian sacred or
Amendments of Stat. 3355, funerary objects and cultural patrimony
1996 3356 (1996) objects.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Joint Resolution to Pub. L. No. Agrees to the adoption of amendments
consent to 105-21, 111 enacted by the State of Hawai'i to the
certain Stat. 235 Hawaiian Homes Commission Act of 1920.
amendments (1997)
enacted by the
legislature of
the State of
Hawai'i to the
Hawaiian Homes
Commission Act,
1920.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Department of Pub. L. No. Waives repayment of airport funds that
Transportation 105-66, 111 were diverted for the betterment of
and Related Stat. 1425 American Indians, Alaska Natives, and
Agencies (1997) Native Hawaiians.
Appropriations
Act, 1998
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Department of Pub. L. No. Authorizes appropriations for the Native
Health and Human 105-78, 111 Hawaiian Health Care Act and Older
Services Stat. 1467 Americans Act of 1965.
Appropriations (1997)
Act, 1998
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Department of Pub. L. No. Authorizes appropriations for Native
Education 105-78, 111 Hawaiian education programs under
Appropriations Stat. 1467 authorizing legislation.
Act, 1998 (1997)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Museum and Library Pub. L. No. Amends Museum and Library Services Act by
Services 105-128, sec. authorizing Hawaiian organizations
Technical and 6, § 262, 111 eligible to receive grants (along with
Conforming Stat. 2548, American Indian tribes) to
Amendments of 2549 (1997) electronically link libraries with
1997 education, social, or information
services.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Workforce Pub. L. No. Authorizes grants to Indian Tribes,
Investment Act of 105-220, § tribal organizations, Alaska Native
1998 166, 112 entities, Indian-controlled
Stat. 936, organizations, and Native Hawaiian
1021 (1998) organizations for employment and
training activities.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Rehabilitation Act Pub. L. No. Amends the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 by
Amendments of 105-220, sec. requiring State agencies to consult
1998 404, § 101 with Indian Tribes, tribal
112 Stat. organizations, and Native Hawaiian
936, 1163 organizations before adopting any
(1998) policies for vocational rehabilitation
services.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Higher Education Pub. L. No. Amends the Higher Education Act of 1965
Amendments of 105-244, sec. by authorizing grants to improve
1998 303, § 1001, education institutions' ability to
112 Stat. serve Alaska Natives and Native
1581, 1638 Hawaiians.
(1998)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Act of October 14, Pub. L. No. Amends the Native Hawaiian Health Care
1998 105-256, sec. Improvement Act by requiring recipients
12, § of the Native Hawaiian Health
10(b)(1), 112 Scholarship Program to work in the
Stat. 1896, Native Hawaiian Health Care System.
1899 (1998)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Department of Pub. L. No. Authorizes appropriations to carry out
Health and Human 105-277, 112 the Native Hawaiian Heath Care Act of
Services Stat. 2681 1988 and the Older Americans Act.
Appropriations (1998)
Act, 1999
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Department of Pub. L. No. Authorizes appropriations for Native
Education 105-277, 112 Hawaiian education programs under
Appropriations Stat. 2681 authorizing legislation.
Act, 1999 (1998)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Head Start Pub. L. No. Amends the Head Start Act by requiring
Amendments of 105-285, sec. the Secretary of Health and Human
1998 117, § 650, Services to prepare and submit a report
112 Stat. concerning the condition, location, and
2702, 2727 ownership of facilities used, or
(1998) available to be used, by Native
Hawaiian Head Start agencies.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Assets for Pub. L. No. Authorizes Native Hawaiian organizations
Independence Act 105-285, § § (and State, local, and tribal
401-416, 112 governments) to conduct demonstration
Stat. 2702, projects to evaluate the effects of
2759 (1998) savings, microenterprise, and home
ownership on families and the community
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Carl D. Perkins Pub. L. No. Authorizes grants to plan, conduct, and
Vocational and 105-332, sec. administer vocational programs for
Technical 1, § 116, 112 Native Hawaiians and other Native
Education Act of Stat. 3076, Americans.
1998 3095 (1998)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Native American Pub. L. No. Amends the Native Hawaiian Revolving Loan
Programs Act 105-361, sec. fund to include a loan guarantee.
Amendments of 3, § 803A,
1997 112 Stat.
3278, 3278
(1998)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National Park Pub. L. No. Promotes the sale of authentic American
Service 105-391, § Indian, Alaska Native, and Native
Concessions 416, 112 Hawaiian handicrafts and makes those
Management Stat. 3497, revenues exempt from franchise fees.
Improvement Act 3516 (1998)
of 1998
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Health Professions Pub. L. No. Authorizes grants to assist schools with
Education 105-392, sec. health professions education programs
Partnerships Act 101, § 736, for Native Hawaiians, American Indians,
of 1998 112 Stat. Alaska Natives, and under-represented
3524, 3525 minorities.
(1998)
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