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OUR 50 STATES
By Jules


HAWAII

STATEHOOD:August 21, 1959
CAPITAL CITY:Honolulu
LARGEST CITY:Honolulu
CONSTITUTION:50th State
POPULATION:1,186,602
AREA:10,932 sq. mi.
MOTTO:Ua mau ke ea o ka aina I ka pono "The life of the land is perpetuated in righteousness"
ECONOMY:
AGRICULTURE:Sugarcane, pineapples, nursery stock, livestock, macadamia nuts.
INDUSTRY:Tourism, food processing, apparel, fabricated metal products, stone, clay, and glass products.
FLAG: Hawaii was once an independent kingdom. (1810 - 1893) The flag was designed at the request of
King Kamehameha I. It has eight stripes of white, red and blue that represent the eight main islands.
The flag of Great Britain is emblazoned in the upper left corner to honor Hawaii's friendship with the British.
COASTLINE:750 mi.
SHORELINE:1,052 mi.
GEOLOGY:Land Area; 6,427 sq. mi.
GEOGRAPHIC CENTER:Hawaii, off Maui Island
HIGHEST POINT:Mauna Kea; 13796 feet
LOWEST POINT:Pacific coast; Sea level
INLAND WATER:36 sq.mi.
NICKNAMES:Aloha State - Paradise of the Pacific
ORIGIN OF STATE'S NAME:Could be based on native Hawaiian word for homeland, "Owhyhee"
TOPOGRAPHY:Eight main islands, which are the tops of a chain of submerged volcanic mountains; active
volcanoes: Mauna Loa, Kilauea
FLOWER:Pua Aloalo hibiscus brackenridgei
FLOWERS:Hawaiian leis
BIRD:Nene
TREE:Kukui - Candlenut aleurites moluccana


IDAHO

STATEHOOD:July 3, 1890
CAPITAL CITY:Boise
LARGEST CITY:Boise
CONSTITUTION:43rd State
STATES POPULATION:1,210,232
AREA:83,574 sq. mi.
BORDER STATES:Montana - Nevada - Oregon - Utah - Washington - Wyoming
MOTTO:Esto perpetua (Let it be perpetual) It is forever
ECONOMY:
AGRICULTURE:Cattle, potatoes, dairy products, wheat, sugar beets, barley.
INDUSTRY:Food processing, lumber and wood products, machinery, chemical products, paper products,
silver and other mining, tourism.
FLAG:A silk flag, blue field, five feet six inches fly, and four feet four inches on pike, bordered with gilt fringe
two and one-half inches in width, with state seal of Idaho twenty-one inches in diameter, in colors,
in the center of a blue field. The words "State of Idaho" are embroidered in with block letters,
two inches in height on a red band three inches in width by twenty-nine inches in length,
the band being in gold and placed about eight and one-half inches from the
lower border of fringe and parallel with the same.
GEOLOGY:Land Area; 82,413 sq. mi.
GEOGRAPHIC CENTER:Custer, southwest of Challis
HIGHEST POINT:Borah Peak; 12,662 feet
LOWEST POINT:Snake River; 710 feet
INLAND WATER:823 sq.mi.
NICKNAMES:Gem State
ORIGIN OF STATE'S NAME:Idaho is a coined or invented word, and is not a derivation of an Indian phrase
"E Dah Hoe (How)" supposedly meaning "gem of the mountains.
TOPOGRAPHY:Snake River plains in the south, central region of mountains, canyons gorges; subalpine
northern region.
FLOWER:Syringa - Mock Orange philadelphus lewisii
BIRD:Mountain Bluebird
TREE:White Pine Pinus Monticola pinaceae


ILLINOIS

STATEHOOD:December 3, 1818
CAPITAL:Springfield
LARGEST CITY:Chicago
CONSTITUTION:21st State
STATES POPULATION:11,895,849
AREA:57,918
BORDER STATES:Indiana - Iowa - Michigan - Kentucky - Missouri - Wisconsin
MOTTO:State sovreignty, national union
ECONOMY:
AGRICULTURE:Corn, soybeans, hogs, cattle, dairy products, wheat.
INDUSTRY:Machinery, food processing, electric equipment, chemical products, printing and publishing,
fabricated metal products, transportation equipment, petroleum, coal.
FLAG:The Illinois flag is a simple representation of the Great Seal of Illinois against a white background. In 1969,
the General Assembly voted to add the word "ILLINOIS" under the Great Seal of the flag.
The State's name was added to the flag to ensure that people not familiar with the Great Seal
of Illinois would still recognize the banner.
GEOLOGY:Land Area; 55,646 sq. mi.
GEOGRAPHIC CENTER:Logan, 28 miles northeast of Springfield
GREAT LAKES:1,575 sq.mi.
HIGHEST POINT:Charles Mound; 1235 feet
LOWEST POINT:Mississippi River; 279 feet
INLAND WATER:700 sq.mi.
NICKNAMES:Land of Lincoln - Prairie State
ORIGIN OF STATE'S NAME:Algonquin Indian for "warriors"
PRESIDENTIAL BIRTHPLACE:Ronald Wilson Reagan, 1981-1989
TOPOGRAPHY:Prairies and fertile plains throughout; open hills in the southern region.
FLOWER:Purple Violet viola
BIRD:Cardinal
TREE:White Oak quercus alba


INDIANA

STATEHOOD:December 11,1816
CAPITAL:Indianapolis
LARGEST CITY:Indianapolis
CONSTITUTION:19th State
STATES POPULATION:5,864,108
AREA:36,420 sq. mi.
BORDER STATES:Illinois - Kentucky - Michigan - Ohio
MOTTO:The crossroads of America
ECONOMY:
AGRICULTURE:Corn, soybeans, hogs, cattle, dairy products, eggs.
INDUSTRY:Steel, electric equipment, transportation equipment, chemical products, petroleum and coal products,
machinery.
FLAG:The flags dimensions shall be three feet fly by two feet hoist; or five feet fly by three
feet hoist or any size proportionate to either of those dimensions. The field of the flag shall be blue with nineteen
stars and a flaming torch in gold or buff. Thirteen stars shall be arranged in an outer circle, representing the
original thirteen states; five stars shall be arranged in a half circle below the torch and inside the outer circle of
stars, representing the states admitted prior to Indiana; and the nineteenth star, appreciably larger than the others
and representing Indiana shall be placed above the flame of the torch.
The outer circle of stars shall be so arranged that one star shall appear directly in the middle at the top of the circle,
and the word "Indiana" shall be placed in a half circle over and above the star representing Indiana
and midway between it and the star in the center above it. Rays shall be shown radiating from the torch
to the three stars on each side of the star in the upper center of the circle.
GEOLOGY:35,936 sq. mi.
GEOGRAPHIC CENTER:Boone, 14 miles northnorthwest of Indianapolis
HIGHEST POINT:Hoosier Hill 1257 feet
LOWEST POINT:Southwest boundry; 320 feet
INLAND WATER:253 sq.mi.
GREAT LAKES:235 sq.mi.
NICKNAME:Hoosier State
ORIGIN OF STATES NAME:"Land of the Indians"
TOPOGRAPHY:Hilly southern region; fertile rolling plains in central region, flat, heavily glaciated north;
dunes along Lake Michigan shore.
FLOWER:Peony
BIRD:Cardinal
TREE:Tuliptree liriodendron tulipifera


IOWA

STATEHOOD:December 28, 1846
CAPITAL CITY:Des Moines
LARGEST CITY:Des Moines
CONSTITUTION:29th State
STATES POULATION:2,852,423
AREA:56,276 sq.mi.
BORDER STATES:Illinois - Minnesota - Missouri - Nebraska - South Dakota - Wisconsin
MOTTO:Our liberties we prize and our rights we will maintain.
ECONOMY:
AGRICUTURE:Hogs, corn, soybeans, oats, cattle, dairy products.
INDUSTRY:Food processing, machinery, electric equipment, chemical products, printing and publishing,
primary metals.
FLAG:Having three vertical stripes blue, white and red the Iowa flag resembles the flag of France.
On the white stripe is a bald eagle carrying a blue streamer in its beak.
The state motto "Our Liberties We Prize, and Our Rights We will Maintain"
is written on the streamer. The name of the state is emblazoned in red letters.
GEOLOGY:Land Area; 55,965 sq. mi.
GEOGRAPHIC CENTER:Story, 5 mi northeast of Ames
HIGHEST POINT:High Point; 1670 feet
LOWEST POINT:Juction of Mississippi & Des Moines rivers; 480 feet
INLAND WATER:310 sq.mi.
NICKNAMES:Hawkeye State - Corn State
PRESIDENTIAL BIRTHPLACE:Herbert Clark Hoover, 1929-1933
TOPOGRAPHY:Watershed from northwest to southeast; soil especially rich and land level in the north
central region.
FLOWER:Wild Prairie Rose rosa pratincola
BIRD:Eastern Goldfinch
TREE:Oak quercus


KANSAS

STATEHOOD:January 29, 1861
CAPITAL:Topeka
LARGEST CITY:Wichita
CONSTITUTION:34 th State
STATES POPULATION:2,594,840
AREA:82,282 sq.mi.
BORDER STATES:Colorado - Missouri - Nebraska - Oklahoma
MOTTO:Ad astra per aspera "To the stars through difficulties."
ECONOMY:
AGRICULTURE:Cattle, wheat, sorghum, soybeans, hogs, corn.
INDUSTRY:Transportation equipment, food processing, printing and publishing, chemical products, machinery,
apparel, petroleum, mining.
FLAG:On a navy blue field is a sunflower, the state flower. Also, the state seal and the words "Kansas".
In the picture of the state seal are thirty-four stars representing the order of statehood.
Above the stars is the motto "To the Stars Through Difficulties".
On the seal a sunrise overshadows a farmer plowing a field near his log cabin, a steamboat sailing the
Kansas River, a wagontrain heading west and Native Americans hunting bison.
GEOLOGY:81,783 sq. mi.
GEOGRAPHIC CENTER:Barton, 15 miles northeast of Great Bend
HIGHEST POINT:Mt. Sunflower; 4039 feet
LOWEST POINT:Verdigris River; 680 feet
INLAND WATER:499 sq.mi.
NICKNAME:Sunflower State
ORIGIN OF STATES NAME:From the Sioux Indian for "south wind people"
TOPOGRAPHY:Hilly Osage plains in the east; central region level prairie and hills; high plains in the west.
FLOWER:Sunflower
BIRD: Western Meadowlark
TREE:Cottonwood populus


Commonwealth of
KENTUCKY

STATEHOOD:June 1, 1792
CAPITAL:Frankfort
LARGEST CITY:Louisville
CONSTITUTION:15th State
STATES POPULATION:3,908,124
AREA:40,411 sq.mi.
BORDER STATES:Illinois - Indiana - Missouri - Ohio - Tennessee - Virginia - West Virginia
MOTTO:United we stand, divided we fall
ECONOMY:
AGRICULTURE:Horses, cattle, tobacco, dairy products, hogs, soybeans, corn.
INDUSTRY:Transportation equipment, chemical products, electric equipment, machinery, food processing,
tobacco products, coal, tourism.
FLAG:Placed on a navy blue field is the seal and words "Commonwealth of Kentucky". The two people on the seal,
a pioneer and a statesman, represent all the people. They are acting out the meaning of Kentucky's
motto: "United We Stand; Divided We Fall". Sprays of goldenrod extend in a half circle around the picture.
GEOLOGY:39,674 sq. mi.
GEOGRAPHIC CENTER:Marion, 3 miles northnorthwest of Lebanon
HIGHEST POINT:Black Mtn. 4145 feet
LOWEST POINT:Mississippi River; 257 feet
INLAND WATER:740 sq.mi.
NICKNAME:Bluegrass State
ORIGIN OF STATES NAME:Based on the Iroquois Indian word "Ken-tah-ten," meaning "land of tomorrow"
PRESIDENTIAL BIRTHPLACE:Abraham Lincoln, 1861-1865
TOPOGRAPHY:Mountainous in east; rounded hills of the Knobs in the north; Bluegrass, heart of the state;
wooded rocky hillsides of the Pennroyal; western coal fields; the fertile Purchase in the southwest.
FLOWER:Goldenrod solidago altissima
BIRD:Cardinal
TREE:Kentucky coffeetree gymnocladus dioicus


LOUISIANA

STATEHOOD:April 30, 1812
CAPITAL:Baton Rouge
LARGEST CITY:New Orleans
CONSTITUTION:18th State
STATES POPULATION:4,351,769
AREA:51,843 sq.mi.
BORDER STATES:Arkansas - Mississippi -Texas
MOTTO:Union, justice, and confidence
ECONOMY:
AGRICULTURE:Seafood, cotton, soybeans, cattle, sugarcane, poultry and eggs, dairy products, rice.
INDUSTRY:Chemical products, petroleum and coal products, food processing, transportation equipment,
paper products, tourism.
FLAG:The design consists of the pelican group from the state seal, in white and gold, and a white ribbon
bearing the state motto, "Union, Justice, and Confidence", on a field of a solid blue.
COASTLINE:397 mi.
SHORELINE:7,721mi.
GEOLOGY:44,520 sq. mi.
GEOGRAPHIC CENTER:Avoyelles, 3 miles southeast of Marksville
HIGHEST POINT:Driskill Mtn. 535 feet
LOWEST POINT:New Orleans; 8 feet below sea level
INLAND WATER:4,153 sq.mi.
NICKNAME:Pelican State
ORIGIN OF STATES NAME:Named in honor of France's King Louis XIV
FLOWER:Magnolia magnolia
BIRD:Eastern Brown Pelican
TREE:Baldcypress taxodium distichum


MAINE

STATEHOOD:March 15, 1820
CAPITAL:Augusta
LARGEST CITY:Portland
CONSTITUTION:23rd State
STATES POPULATION:1,242,051
AREA:    35,387 sq. mi.
BORDER STATE:New Hampshire
MOTTO:Dirigo I direct
ECONOMY:
AGRICULTURE:Seafood, poultry and eggs, potatoes, dairy products, cattle, blueberries, apples.
INDUSTRY:Paper, lumber, and wood products, electric equipment, food processing, leather products, textiles, tourism.
FLAG:The state coat of arms is placed on a blue field. In the center of the shield a moose rests under a tall pine tree.
A farmer and seaman represents the work that people did in early times. The North Star
represents the state motto: "Dirigo". ( "I Direct" )
COASTLINE:228 mi.
SHORELINE:3,478 mi.
GEOLOGY:30,995 sq.mi.
GEOGRAPHIC CENTER:Piscataquis, north of Dover
LOWEST POINT:Atlantic coast; sea level
INLAND WATER:2270 sq.mi.
NICKNAME:Pine Tree State
ORIGIN OF STATES NAME:Assumed to be a reference to the state region being a mainland, different from its many
surrounding islands
TOPOGRAPHY:Appalaachian Mountains extend through state; western borders have rugged terrain,
long sand beaches on southern coast; northern coast mainly rocky promontories, peninsulas, fjords.
FLOWER:White pine cone and tassel pinus strobus, linnaeus
BIRD:Chickadee
TREE:White pine


MARYLAND

STATEHOOD:April 28, 1788
CAPITAL:Annapolis
LARGEST CITY:Baltimore
CONSTITUTION:7th state
STATES POPULATION:5,094,289
AREA:12,407 sq. mi.
BORDER STATES:Delaware - Pennsylvania - Virginia - West Virginia
MOTTO:Fatti maschil parole femine "Manly deeds, womanly words."
ECONOMY:
AGRICULTURE:Seafood, poultry and eggs, dairy products, nursery stock, cattle,soybeans, corn.
INDUSTRY:Electric equipment, food processing, chemical products, printing and publishing, transportation.
FLAG:The Maryland flag contains the family crest of the Calvert and Crossland families. Maryland was founded
as an English colony in 1634 by Cecil Calvert, the second Lord Baltimore.
The black and Gold designs belong to the Calvert family.
The red and white design belongs to the Crossland family.
COASTLINE:31 mi.
SHORELINE:3,190 mi.
GEOLOGY:Land area: 9,838 sq.mi.
GEOGRAPHIC CENTER:Prince Georges, 4.5 miles northwest of Davidsonville
HIGHEST POINT:Backbone Mtn.; 3360 feet
LOWEST POINT:Atlantic coast, sea level
INLAND WATER:680 sq.mi.
NICKNAME:Old Line State
ORIGIN OF STATES NAME:Named to honor Henrietta Maria, wife of England's King Charles I
TOPOGRAPHY:Eastern shore of coastal plain and Maryland Main of coastal plain, peidmont plateau,
and the Blue Ridge, seperated by the Cheasapeake Bay.
FLOWER:Black-eyed susan rudbeckia hirta
BIRD:Baltimore Oriole
TREE:White Oak

States continued on next page



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Created: January 10, 1999 Last update: May 26, 2000

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