Europe
Ireland
Spain - Basques
France - Basques; Bretons; Languedoc-Occitania; Corsica
Italy - Sardinia; South Tyrol; Lombardy ; Istria (Slovenia)
Estonia: Russians
Latvia: Russians
Lithuania: Russians, Poles
Ukraine: Poles; Ruthenians; Russians
Transylvania: Hungarians (Magyars); Germans
Moldova: Russians
Slovakia: Hungarians
Yugoslavia: Croatia; Slovenia; Kosovo; Macedonia; Vojvodina
Bulgaria: Macedonia; Turkey
Greece: Turkey, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Macedonia, Albania
Serbia: Croatia, Bosnia
Albania: Serbia, Greece, Macedonia
Macedonia: Greece, Albania, Bulgaria
Asia
Cyprus: Turks; Greeks
Turkey: Kurds; Armenians
Syria: Lebanon; Kurds; Palestine; Jordan; Israel
Israel: Palestine
Palestine: Israel
Iraq: Kurds; Shi'ites
Iran: Kurds; Arabs; Baluchis; Turkmen-Azeris
Russia: numerous minorities, including Turkic speakers, Caucasians,
Ural-Altaic peoples.
Yemen: Saudi Arabia, province of Asir; Oman (Dhofar)
United Arab Emirates: Buraimi oasis (with Saudi Arabia)
Armenia: (Nagorno-Karabakh); Azeris
Azerbaijan: Armenians
Georgia (Sakartvelo): Ossetians, Avkhasians
China: Tibet; Soviet Union (frontiers, including Vladivostok);
numerous minorities
India: Kashmir; Nagas; Punjabi Sikhs; Aksai Chin (Tibet)
Sri Lanka: Sinhalese and Tamils
Pakistan: Kashmir; Rann of Cutch; Northwest frontier with Afghanistan
Burma: Karen minorities; Muslims
Thailand: Laos; Cambodia
Vietnam: Cambodia; China
Cambodia: Thailand; Vietnam
Japan: Russia (Kurile Islands, Sakhalin)
Indonesia: West Irian (West New Guinea); Timor; Molluccas
Philippines: disputes with Malaysia over Sultanate of Sulu; Muslims
on Mindanao
Mongolia: parts of Russia; China
Africa
Morocco: Western Sahara
Libya: parts of Chad
Sudan: Equatorial provinces
Ethiopia: Eritrea; Tigre; Somalia
Somalia: Ogaden; parts of Kenya
South Africa: Swaziland; Botswana; Lesotho
All other borders are arbitrary and therefore ethnically disputable.
Wandering Tuareg, Fulani, Somali and others cross frontiers
South America
Argentina: Chile (Beagle Channel)
Bolivia: Chile and Peru (coastline)
Ecuador: Peru (Amazonia)
Venezuela: Guyana (Rupununi)
All borders are arbitrary and ignore the pre-colonial cultures.
Central America
Guatemala: Belize
El Salvador: Honduras
North America
Mexico: California; Texas; New Mexico; Arizona
Canada: Quebec; pre-colonial cultures
Oceania
Papua New Guinea: Bougainville
Papua New Guinea: Indonesia (West Irian)
Vanuatu: Espiritu Santo
World Wide
Jews
Romany (Gypsies)
Overseas Chinese
