Panic Attack Info
Panic disorder strikes between 3 and 6 million Americans, and is twice as common in women as in men. It can appear at any time in your life--in children or in the elderly--but most often it begins in young adults. Not everyone who experiences panic attacks will develop panic disorder-- for example, many people have one attack but never have another. For those who do have panic disorder, though, it's important to seek treatment. Untreated, the disorder can become very disabling.
Panic disorder is often accompanied by other conditions such as depression or alcoholism, and may start phobias, which can develop in places or situations where panic attacks have occurred. For example, if a panic attack strikes while you're riding an elevator, you may develop a fear of elevators and perhaps start avoiding them.
Some people's lives become greatly restricted--they avoid normal, everyday activities such as grocery shopping, driving, or in some cases even leaving the house. Or, they may be able to confront a feared situation only if accompanied by a spouse or other trusted person. Basically, they avoid any situation they fear would make them feel helpless if a panic attack occurs. When people's lives become so restricted by the disorder, as happens in about one-third of all people with panic disorder, the condition is called agoraphobia. A tendency toward panic disorder and agoraphobia runs in families. Nevertheless, early treatment of panic disorder can often stop the progression to agoraphobia.
Studies have shown that proper treatment--a type of psychotherapy called cognitive-behavioral therapy, medications, or possibly a combination of the two--helps 70 to 90 percent of people with panic disorder. Significant improvement is usually seen within 6 to 8 weeks.
Cognitive-behavioral approaches teach patients how to view the panic situations differently and demonstrate ways to reduce anxiety, using breathing exercises or techniques to refocus attention, for example. Another technique used in cognitive-behavioral therapy, called exposure therapy, can often help alleviate the phobias that may result from panic disorder. In exposure therapy, people are very slowly exposed to the fearful situation until they become desensitized to it.
Some people find the greatest relief from panic disorder symptoms when they take certain prescription medications. Such medications, like cognitive-behavioral therapy, can help to prevent panic attacks or reduce their frequency and severity. Two types of medications that have been shown to be safe and effective in the treatment of panic disorder are antidepressants and benzodiazepines.
Most people feel bouts of anixety or disturbing fear on occasion. Taking a test or having a job interview makes almost everyone nervous. Some times it's so bad we don't do well. And of course, unsteady feelings, tenseness, and a racing heart can be normal reactions when we are faced with danger or with an unusual situation. But panic attacks are much much diffrent. At least in the beginning, they happen out of the blue, when there is no actual danger-normaly in familiar settings or situations. The vistim is completely aware that there is no reson to feel shakey and terrified. Sililar feelings in the face of danger would be a normal reaction serving as a useful even lifesaveing purpose. But a panic attack serves no useful purpose; in fact. it is likely to become a major problem. Panic attacks usually lasts a few minutes but can appear to last for hours, because its symptoms can be so overwhelming
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Common Physical and Emotional Symptoms of a Panic Attack
- Shortness or breath or smothering sensations
- Dizziness or faintness
- Accelerated heart rate
- Trembling or Shaking
- Sweating
- Choking
- Nausea or abdominal distress
- Feelings of detachment or unreality
- Chest discomfort or pain
- Numbness or tingling sensations
- Hot flashes or chills
- Chest pain
- A fear of dying,going crazy, or losing control