Descendants of Cadfan

Generation No. 1

1.  TASCIOVANUS¹¹ died Unknown.

Notes for TASCIOVANUS:

[Mike Ashley, The Mammoth Book of British Kings & Queens,  (Carroll and Graf Publishers, New York, 1998), pgs. 71-72.]

[A10] TASCIOVANUS Catuvellauni, c20BC-cAD 10.
The first chief of the Catuvellauni to mint coins. These are found extensively along the route of the Thames and even into the territory of the Trinovantes in Essex. Whether or not Tasciovanus is a son or nephew of CASWALLON is not certain, but he was clearly operating from a similar power base to his predecessor. Tasciovanus made incursions into the territories of the Atrebates and the Cantii and established the Catuvellauni as the primary tribe of south-east Britain. Exactly when Tasciovanus died is unclear as the end of his reign blurs into the rise in power of CUNOBELIN. Tasciovanus is the same as Geoffrey of Monmouth's Tenvatius. He makes him a nephew of Caswallon and son of LUD who ruled Cornwall before he became High King of Britain. He was, according to Geoffrey, a very warlike king who nevertheless pursued rigorously the rule of law.

Reign: 20BC-10AD, King of the Catuvellauni²

Children of TASCIOVANUS are:

2.                i.    CUNOBELIN² AP TASCIOVANUS, d. Unknown, abt. 41 AD.

                  ii.    ANDOCOMIUS AP TASCIOVANUS³, d. Unknown.

Notes for ANDOCOMIUS AP TASCIOVANUS:

[Mike Ashley, The Mammoth Book of British Kings & Queens,  (Carroll and Graf Publishers, New York, 1998), pgs. 72-73.]

[A15] ANDOCO[MIUS] Catuvellauni, c5-c15.
A little-known and rather shadowy figure, the evidence for whom is known only from his coins, dated to the first decade AD. It is possible that he was a son of TASCIOVANUS who ruled jointly with his father in his last years and then briefly succeeded him, or he may have been a usurper who took over the Catuvellaunian lordship during the rise to power of CUNOBELIN.

Reign: c5-c15, King of the Catuvellauni⁴

                 iii.    EPATTICUS AP TASCIOVANUS⁵, d. Unknown.

Notes for EPATTICUS AP TASCIOVANUS:

[Mike Ashley, The Mammoth Book of British Kings & Queens,  (Carroll and Graf Publishers, New York, 1998), pg. 73.]

[A20] EPATTICUS Atrebates, fl 10.
A son of TASCIOVANUS who briefly conquered the Atrebates, deposing their king EPPILLUS, but who was in turn deposed by VERICA. It is possible Epatticus made later incursions into Atrebatian territory as coins bearing his name have been dated to the years 25-35, though he may have been acting as a sub-king for his kinsman CUNOBELIN.

Reign: 10 AD, King of the Atrebates⁶

Generation No. 2

2.  CUNOBELIN² AP TASCIOVANUS (TASCIOVANUS¹)⁷ died Unknown in abt. 41 AD⁸.

Notes for CUNOBELIN AP TASCIOVANUS:

[Mike Ashley, The Mammoth Book of British Kings & Queens,  (Carroll and Graf Publishers, New York, 1998), pg. 73-74.]

[A22;P73] CUNOBELIN Trinovantes from AD 1 and Catuvellauni from c10-41.
Immortalised by Shakespeare as Cymbeline, Cunobelin was one of the most powerful kings of the ancient British. He was probably a son of TASCIOVANUS, although that is not known for certain. His rise to fame was rapid and it is possible that he was an exile o fthe royal court who sought revenge. He first overran the Trinovantes and established his base at Camulodunum (Colchester) around AD 1, and then laid claim to the Catuvellaunian lordship. He may at this time have been embattled with ANDOCO, but by the second decade AD, Cunobelin was fully in power along the northern bank of the Thames and making encroachments south of the Thames. By about 20 he ruled all of the south-east, finally deposing VERICA around 40, by which time he must have been into his sixties. He died soon after, probably in 41, leading to family squabbles (see AMMINIUS, TOGODUMNUS and CARATACUS). The power of Cunobelin concerned the Roman emperors Augustus, Tiberius and Caligula, all of whom considered campaigns against him, but they became more pre-occupied with the German hostilities. Cunobelin may thus be seen as the last great pre-Roman British king.

Reign 1: 1-41 AD, King of the Trinovantes⁸

Reign 2: 10-41 AD, King of the Catuvellauni⁸

Children of CUNOBELIN AP TASCIOVANUS are:

                   i.    AMMINIUS³ AP CUNOBELIN⁹, d. Unknown.

Notes for AMMINIUS AP CUNOBELIN:

[Mike Ashley, The Mammoth Book of British Kings & Queens,  (Carroll and Graf Publishers, New York, 1998), pg. 74.]

[A23] AMMINIUS Cantii c25-c40.
A son of CUNOBELIN who received overlordship of the Cantii around 25 when EPPILLUS was deposed. In the last years of Cunobelin, family rivalry resulted in the expulsion of Amminius who, with a few faithful followers, fled to the Continent. These events may have been prompted by the threatened invasion of Britain by the emperor Caligula whose troops were stationed in northern Gaul. Amminius went to Caligula, presumably in the hope that Caligula would send soldiers to help him regain his kingdom. Caligula, however, accepted the surrender of Amminius as sufficient sign of conquest and went home in triumph! Nothing more was heard of Amminius, though it is possible he returned to Britain with the Romans as what may have been his tomb was discovered at St Albans.

Reign: C25-40 AD, King of the Cantii¹⁰

3.               ii.    ARVIRAGUS AP CUNOBELIN, d. Unknown.

4.              iii.    CARATACUS AP CUNOBELIN, d. Unknown, abt 54 AD in Rome, Italy.

                 iv.    TOGODUMNUS AP CUNOBELIN¹¹, d. Unknown.

Notes for TOGODUMNUS AP CUNOBELIN:

[Mike Ashley, The Mammoth Book of British Kings & Queens,  (Carroll and Graf Publishers, New York, 1998), pg. 74.]

[A25;P72] TOGODUMNUS Catuvellauni, 41-43.
One of the sons of CUNOBELIN who succeeded to the territory of the Catuvellauni along the north of the Thames and into Wiltshire. Together with his brother CARATACUS he led the native armies against the Roman invasion of 43 under Aulus Plautius. The British initially remained in hiding hoping to confuse and weaken the Romans, but the army remained solid. Caratacus was defeated in Kent, and Togodumnus then led a secod army against the Romans somewhere in Hampshire. He was defeated and killed. It has been suggested that the name may simply be a title, Tog y Dymnaint or Chief of the Dumnonii, which would have made him originally a ruler of the tribe in south-west Britain. See also GUIDERIUS.

Reign: 41-43 AD, King of the Catuvellauni¹²

Generation No. 3

3.  ARVIRAGUS³ AP CUNOBELIN (CUNOBELIN² AP TASCIOVANUS, TASCIOVANUS¹)¹³ died Unknown.

Notes for ARVIRAGUS AP CUNOBELIN:

[Mike Ashley, The Mammoth Book of British Kings & Queens,  (Carroll and Graf Publishers, New York, 1998), pg. 76.]

[A29;P75] ARVIRAGUS Silures, fl 44-74.
Only one classical reference exists to Arviragus and that is in a poem by Juvenal which calls Arviragus a "black bull", probably meaning his strength and his dark flowing hair, as he rode his chariot recklessly through the Roman streets terrifying Nero. There is a strong Welsh belief that Arviragus, or Gweiryss, was the king of the Silures who joined forces with CARATACUS (possibly his brother) against the Romans. He was captured alongside the Catavellaunian chief and taken to Rome where he was pardoned. Tradition states that Arviragus returned to Wales and established the royal line from which King ARTHUR was descended. Arviragus is treated as the king who welcomed Joseph of Arimathea to Britain in about 63 and granted him land at Glastonbury for his church. The date 67 has been assigned to his death on the basis of the Welsh genealogies. Geoffrey of Monmouth extends the independence of Arviragus, making him a tribute-paying king who marries the daughter of the Emperor CLAUDIUS. Through the friendship of Claudius, Arviragus is installed as ruler of Britain and the city of Gloucester is built. Arviragus later defends Britain from an invasion by Vespasian and dies in old age, much loved and honoured. According to Geoffrey he was succeeded by his son MARIUS.

Reign: 44-74 AD, King of the Sigures¹⁴

Child of ARVIRAGUS AP CUNOBELIN is:

5.                i.    MARIUS⁴ AP ARVIRAGUS, d. Unknown.

4.  CARATACUS³ AP CUNOBELIN (CUNOBELIN² AP TASCIOVANUS, TASCIOVANUS¹)¹⁵ died Unknown in abt 54 AD in Rome, Italy¹⁶.

Notes for CARATACUS AP CUNOBELIN:

[Mike Ashley, The Mammoth Book of British Kings & Queens,  (Carroll and Graf Publishers, New York, 1998), pg. 75.]

[A26] CARATACUS Cantii from c40, and Catuvellauni and Silures from 43-51.
Younger son to CUNOBELIN who succeeded to the southern half of the Catuvellaunian territories particularly in Kent (Cantii), after his brother AMMINIUS was deposed, and Surrey (Atrebates). Along with his brother TOGODUMNUS, Caratacus (the Latin equivalent of Caradog) led the main armies in defence of Britain against the Roman invasion of 43. Caratacus was defeated in Kent at the Battle of the Medway and fled west. Initially he built defences in the lands of the Dobunni, around Gloucestershire, but the advancing Roman army forced him further westward. Caratacus gained the support of the Silures and Ordovices in south and central Wales, and from 47 on he maintained a guerilla warfare against the Romans. Eventually there was a decisive battle in northern Wales near the source of the Severn in the Cambrian mountains. Caratacus amassed forces of over 15,000 but was defeated. His brother and children were taken as hostages but Caratacus fled to the land of the Brigantes hoping to raise more troops. However the Brigantian queen, CARTIMANDUA, had already made a deal with the Romans, and she promptly handed Caratacus over. He and his family were taken to Rome in chains. His reputation was well known which gave even more power to CLAUDIUS who displayed them as evidence of his power and authority. Caratacus may have expected to be executed but he gave such a stirring speech that Claudius pardoned him and he lived in comfort in Rome for the remainder of his days. It is not exactly sure when he died, but it was probably around 54. His children probably remained in Rome but it has been suggested that they returned to Britain around 60 as converted Christians.

Reign 1: 40-51 AD, King of the Cantii¹⁶

Reign 2: 43-51 AD, King of the Catuvellauni and Silures¹⁶

Children of CARATACUS AP CUNOBELIN are:

6.                i.    CYLLIN⁴ AP CARATACUS, OF BRITAIN, b. of Britain; d. Unknown.

                  ii.    BISHOP LINUS AP CARATACUS, OF ROME¹⁷, d. Unknown.

                 iii.    GUIDERIUS AP CARATACUS¹⁷, b. abt 20 AD¹⁸; d. Unknown.

Notes for GUIDERIUS AP CARATACUS:

[Mike Ashley, The Mammoth Book of British Kings & Queens,  (Carroll and Graf Publishers, New York, 1998).]

[pg. 711]

Long disowned by scholars, "The History of the Kings of Britain" by Geoffrey of Monmouth [completed in 1136] nevertheless contains the names of many kings who really existed, though he got most facts about them wrong. In many cases Geoffrey lists in sequence kings who may have ruled at the same time, so it is impossible even to guess at the dating of most of his rulers except where they impinge upon history. Some of the following names appear elsewhere, but all are included here to help guide through the tangled history created by Geoffrey.

[pg. 717]

[P74] GUIDERIUS Legendary British king listed by Geoffrey of Monmouth.

Guiderius is the eldest son of CYMBELINE, born in the tenth year of his father's reign or about AD 20. It was his failure to pay tribute to the Romans that led to the invasion by Claudius. Guiderius was killed in the first battle, and was buried at Gloucester. It may be that Geoffrey confused Guiderius with TOGODUMNUS or, more plausibly, that Guiderius (spelt as Gweirydd) was the real Celtic name of Togodumnus or his successor (according to Geoffrey) ARVIRAGUS.

Generation No. 4

5.  MARIUS⁴ AP ARVIRAGUS (ARVIRAGUS³ AP CUNOBELIN, CUNOBELIN² AP TASCIOVANUS, TASCIOVANUS¹)¹⁹ died Unknown.  He married VERCH PRASUTAGUS¹⁹, daughter of PRASUTAGUS and BOUDICA VERCH ANTEDIOS.  She died Unknown.

Notes for MARIUS AP ARVIRAGUS:

[Mike Ashley, The Mammoth Book of British Kings & Queens,  (Carroll and Graf Publishers, New York, 1998), pg. 78.]

[A33;P76] MARIUS A legendary king of the British mentioned in the "History of Geoffrey of Monmouth." Since he is described as the son of ARVIRAGUS, he might just be a real ruler of the Silures, and would have ruled toward the end of the first century AD. Geoffrey suggests that he lived in Rome for some time, which is quite likely if he were a son of one of the British chieftains who were taken captive to Rome by Claudius, who included both Arviragus and CARATACUS. Once established as king of the British, he is supposed to have paid taxes willingly to the Romans and was of upstanding character. This makes him sound like one of the client kings that Claudius established, of whom the best known were PRASUTAGUS and COGIDUBNUS, but there is no reason to doubt that there could have been others. Geoffrey describes how Marius fought and made peace with the Picts who invaded northern Britain at this time. Marius set up a stone marking his victory in Westmoreland which is supposed to be named after him. To be present that far north Marius, if he existed at all, may have been a British chief of the Brigantes, though his ability to grant the Picts land as far north as Caithness is total fabrication. Marius's historical nature must be in severe doubt, though there may be a grain of truth in how the royal line of the British continued. One tradition states that Marius married a daughter of Bran the Blessed, who was a granddaughter of Joseph of Arimathea and that through this union the British kings became cousins of the Fisher Kings or guardians of the Holy Grail. The name Marius is a Romanization of Meurig, which is itself a corruption or the Celtic Y-Meurig, which is the same as Arviragus. Geoffrey may therefore have confused two names of the same king. He was succeeded by his son COEL.

Reign: 74-125 AD, King of the Silures²⁰

Child of MARIUS AP ARVIRAGUS and VERCH PRASUTAGUS is:

7.                i.    KING COEL⁵ AP MARIUS, b. Bef. 125, of Britain; d. 170.

6.  CYLLIN⁴ AP CARATACUS, OF BRITAIN (CARATACUS³ AP CUNOBELIN, CUNOBELIN² AP TASCIOVANUS, TASCIOVANUS¹)²¹ was born  in of Britain²¹, and died Unknown.

More About CYLLIN AP CARATACUS, OF BRITAIN:

Ancestral File Number: 8HR8-KP

Child of CYLLIN AP CARATACUS, OF BRITAIN is:

8.                i.    VERCH CYLLIN⁵, b. Bef. 100, Bef 99 AD, of Britain; d. Unknown.

Generation No. 5

7.  KING COEL⁵ AP MARIUS (MARIUS⁴ AP ARVIRAGUS, ARVIRAGUS³ AP CUNOBELIN, CUNOBELIN² AP TASCIOVANUS, TASCIOVANUS¹)^21,22 was born Bef. 125 in of Britain²³, and died 170²³.  He married VERCH CYLLIN^24,25, daughter of CYLLIN AP CARATACUS, OF BRITAIN.  She was born Bef. 100 in Bef 99 AD, of Britain²⁶, and died Unknown.

Notes for KING COEL AP MARIUS:

[Mike Ashley, The Mammoth Book of British Kings & Queens,  (Carroll and Graf Publishers, New York, 1998), pg. 79.]

[A35;P77] COEL Legendary ruler identified by Geoffrey of Monmouth. He was the son of MARIUS and was raised, and probably educated, in Rome. This means he would have been taken there at the time the British chieftains ARVIRAGUS and CARATACUS were captured by Claudius in 51, when he was probably a young boy, and would have returned with his father (and grandfather) around 60 or soon after. On these assumptions Coel, who respected and honoured the Romans, paying his taxes when due, may have lived to the turn of the first century. He was succeeded by his son LUCIUS. It is interesting to speculate whether this Coel is Geoffrey's version of COGIDUBNUS who was highly rewarded by the Romans. He is not the same as "Old King Cole" who was a post-Roman ruler...

Ancestral File Number: 8HR8-M2

Reign: Bet. 125 - 150, King of Britain²⁷

Children of COEL AP MARIUS and VERCH CYLLIN are:

9.                i.    LUCIUS⁶ AP COEL, d. Unknown.

10.             ii.    PRINCESS ALTHILDIS VERCH COEL, OF THE BRITAINS, b. Bef. 125, of Britain; d. Unknown.

11.            iii.    AIOFE VERCH COEL, b. Abt. 240; d. Unknown.

8.  VERCH CYLLIN⁵ (CYLLIN⁴ AP CARATACUS, OF BRITAIN, CARATACUS³ AP CUNOBELIN, CUNOBELIN² AP TASCIOVANUS, TASCIOVANUS¹)^28,29 was born Bef. 100 in Bef 99 AD, of Britain³⁰, and died Unknown.  She married KING COEL AP MARIUS^30,31, son of MARIUS AP ARVIRAGUS and VERCH PRASUTAGUS.  He was born Bef. 125 in of Britain³², and died 170³².

Notes for KING COEL AP MARIUS:

[Mike Ashley, The Mammoth Book of British Kings & Queens,  (Carroll and Graf Publishers, New York, 1998), pg. 79.]

[A35;P77] COEL Legendary ruler identified by Geoffrey of Monmouth. He was the son of MARIUS and was raised, and probably educated, in Rome. This means he would have been taken there at the time the British chieftains ARVIRAGUS and CARATACUS were captured by Claudius in 51, when he was probably a young boy, and would have returned with his father (and grandfather) around 60 or soon after. On these assumptions Coel, who respected and honoured the Romans, paying his taxes when due, may have lived to the turn of the first century. He was succeeded by his son LUCIUS. It is interesting to speculate whether this Coel is Geoffrey's version of COGIDUBNUS who was highly rewarded by the Romans. He is not the same as "Old King Cole" who was a post-Roman ruler...

Ancestral File Number: 8HR8-M2

Reign: Bet. 125 - 150, King of Britain³³

Children are listed above under (7) Coel Ap Marius.

Generation No. 6

9.  LUCIUS⁶ AP COEL (COEL⁵ AP MARIUS, MARIUS⁴ AP ARVIRAGUS, ARVIRAGUS³ AP CUNOBELIN, CUNOBELIN² AP TASCIOVANUS, TASCIOVANUS¹)³⁴ died Unknown.

Notes for LUCIUS AP COEL:

[Mike Ashley, The Mammoth Book of British Kings & Queens,  (Carroll and Graf Publishers, New York, 1998), pg. 79.]

[A36;P78] LUCIUS of LLEIRWG MAWR A semi-legendary king of the British. If our only record of Lucius was from the writing of Geoffrey of Monmouth we might discount his like many of his fabrications, but Lucius is recorded elsewhere, not only by the Venerable Bede but also in the early sixth century "Liber Pontificalis." All these sources state that Lucius was a king of the Britons in the mid second century who sent emissaries to the Bishop of Rome, Eleutherius, seeking help in the Christian ministry in Britain. Eleutherius did not become Pope until about the year 174, so if we are to accept Lucius as the great-grandson of ARVIRAGUS, who died about a hundred years earlier (as the Welsh genealogies suggest), then Lucius must have been quite old by this time, probably in his seventies. Eleutherius responded and sent two missionaries, Faganus and Duvanus, who helped reestablish the Christian church in Britain, building the first of the churches at Glastonbury, and the church of St Peter at Cornhill in London in the year 179. Some efforts have been made to discredit the existence of this king, stating that Lucius was also the name applied to Agbar IX of Edessa, although this Agbar lived forty years later. A British Lucius is certainly possible, particularly in south-west Britain which the Romans only sparsely colonized. At this same time there was considerable persecution of the Christians in Gaul and many fled to Britain for safety. Lucius (or someone) must have protected them there and become sufficiently established to be remembered centuries later. Interestingly there was a Roman general, Lucius Artorius Castus, who was prominent in Britain at this time as he led the army that helped quell the civil unrest in Brittany. It is possible that Geoffrey latched on to his name, but it is unlikely that this same Roman would have no heirs which left Britain in a state of turmoil, prone to usurpers. Welsh tradition however lists many descendants of Lucius including the future rulers of Gwent, Pwys, Strathclyde, Cornwall and Brittany.

Known as: Lleirwg Mawr (The Great)³⁴

Reign: Bet. 150 - 180, King of Britain³⁵

Child of LUCIUS AP COEL is:

12.              i.    GWLADYS⁷ VERCH LUCIUS, d. Unknown.

10.  PRINCESS ALTHILDIS⁶ VERCH COEL, OF THE BRITAINS (COEL⁵ AP MARIUS, MARIUS⁴ AP ARVIRAGUS, ARVIRAGUS³ AP CUNOBELIN, CUNOBELIN² AP TASCIOVANUS, TASCIOVANUS¹)³⁶ was born Bef. 125 in of Britain³⁶, and died Unknown.  She married KING MARCOMIR IV³⁶ 129³⁶, son of ODOMIR and OF THE FRANKS.  He was born Bef. 128³⁶, and died 149³⁶.

More About PRINCESS ALTHILDIS VERCH COEL, OF THE BRITAINS:

Ancestral File Number: 8HR8-QK

More About KING MARCOMIR IV:

Ancestral File Number: 8HR8-RQ

Reign: King of the Franks³⁶

More About MARCOMIR and ALTHILDIS VERCH COEL:

Marriage: 129³⁶

Children of ALTHILDIS VERCH COEL and MARCOMIR are:

                   i.    KING CLODOMIR⁷ IV, b. Abt. 129; d. 166.

                  ii.    PRINCE OF THE FRANKS, b. Abt. 131; d. Unknown.

                 iii.    PRINCE OF THE FRANKS, b. Abt. 133; d. Unknown.

                 iv.    PRINCE OF THE FRANKS, b. Abt. 135; d. Unknown.

                  v.    PRINCE OF THE FRANKS, b. Abt. 137; d. Unknown.

                 vi.    PRINCE OF THE FRANKS, b. Abt. 139; d. Unknown.

                vii.    PRINCE OF THE FRANKS, b. Abt. 141; d. Unknown.

11.  AIOFE⁶ VERCH COEL (COEL⁵ AP MARIUS, MARIUS⁴ AP ARVIRAGUS, ARVIRAGUS³ AP CUNOBELIN, CUNOBELIN² AP TASCIOVANUS, TASCIOVANUS¹)³⁶ was born Abt. 240³⁶, and died Unknown.  She married FIACHA SRAHTEINE³⁶ Abt. 260³⁶.  He was born Abt. 235³⁶, and died Abt. 285³⁶.

More About AIOFE VERCH COEL:

Ancestral File Number: 8HR8-PD

More About FIACHA SRAHTEINE:

Ancestral File Number: 8HRT-D6

More About FIACHA SRAHTEINE and AIOFE VERCH COEL:

Marriage: Abt. 260³⁶

Child of AIOFE VERCH COEL and FIACHA SRAHTEINE is:

                   i.    MURDEACH⁷ TIREACH, b. Abt. 261; d. Abt. 326.

Generation No. 7

12.  GWLADYS⁷ VERCH LUCIUS (LUCIUS⁶ AP COEL, COEL⁵ AP MARIUS, MARIUS⁴ AP ARVIRAGUS, ARVIRAGUS³ AP CUNOBELIN, CUNOBELIN² AP TASCIOVANUS, TASCIOVANUS¹)³⁷ died Unknown.  She married CADFAN³⁷.  He died Unknown.

Child of GWLADYS VERCH LUCIUS and CADFAN is:

13.              i.    COEL⁸ AP CADFAN, d. Unknown.

Generation No. 8

13.  COEL⁸ AP CADFAN (GWLADYS⁷ VERCH LUCIUS, LUCIUS⁶ AP COEL, COEL⁵ AP MARIUS, MARIUS⁴ AP ARVIRAGUS, ARVIRAGUS³ AP CUNOBELIN, CUNOBELIN² AP TASCIOVANUS, TASCIOVANUS¹)³⁹ died Unknown.

Children of COEL AP CADFAN are:

14.              i.    EUDAF⁹, d. Unknown.

15.             ii.    CUNEDD, d. Unknown.

Generation No. 9

14.  EUDAF⁹ (COEL⁸ AP CADFAN, GWLADYS⁷ VERCH LUCIUS, LUCIUS⁶ AP COEL, COEL⁵ AP MARIUS, MARIUS⁴ AP ARVIRAGUS, ARVIRAGUS³ AP CUNOBELIN, CUNOBELIN² AP TASCIOVANUS, TASCIOVANUS¹)³⁹ died Unknown.

Notes for EUDAF:

[Mike Ashley, The Mammoth Book of British Kings & Queens,  (Carroll and Graf Publishers, New York, 1998).]

[pg. 711]
Long disowned by scholars, "The History of the Kings of Britain" by Geoffrey of Monmouth [completed in 1136] nevertheless contains the names of many kings who really existed, though he got most facts about them wrong. In many cases Geoffrey lists in sequence kings who may have ruled at the same time, so it is impossible even to guess at the dating of most of his rulers except where they impinge upon history. Some of the following names appear elsewhere, but all are included here to help guide through the tangled history created by Geoffrey.

[pg. 718]
[P87] OCTAVIUS or EUDAF (or EUDAV) A shadowy semi-legendary ruler who almost certainly has some base in reality by who, like ARTHUR, has merged mostly into myth and fantasy. He appears in Geoffrey of Monmouth's unreliable "History," where he usurps the throne after CONSTANTINE left England for Rome which, in Geoffrey's chronology, is about the year 308. Octavius was soon dethroned by the general Trahern and fled to Norway, but he returned with an army, defeated Trahern and reigned thereafter for many years. Geoffrey suggests he reigned until the time of GRATIAN, but as that was a hundred years later we can rule that out. Even ruling until the time of Maximianus (see MAGNUS MAXIMUS) is pushing matters, as that is a gap of seventy-five years. Nevertheless, Geoffrey clearly believed Octavius ruled for many years in the middle of the fourth century, and Welsh tradition has just such a king at that time: Eudes or Euidaf, who was descended from LUCIUS. Euidaf was known as the duke or warlord of the Gewisse. The Gewisse is a name that we encounter again, particularly in connection with CERDIC. Its meaning is not entirely clear, as in Cerdic's day it was used to mean a confederacy of tribes. It may have meant that in Euidaf's day, since he seems to have commanded the British tribes focused on his own territory in southern Wales, around Gwent. Almost all of the later rulers of southern Wales claim descent from Euidaf. Tradition states that he married a daughter of Carausius, the Roman commander of the Saxon Shore, and had at least four children. Helena or Elen married Magnus Maximus, whose daughter Severa married VORTIGERN. His eldest son, Erbin, seems to have ruled in Gwent and passed the kingdom on to his son ERB. Another of Euidaf's sons, CYNAN, became ruler of Dumnonia, whilst Cynan's grandson Cynan Meriadoc (whom Geoffrey calls Octavius's nephew) became the first king of Brittany. Euidaf is sufficiently entrenched in Welsh tradition to be regarded as a real individual who held power in southern and central Wales around the period 350-80 and possibly beyond. His sons and grandsons enter the dawn of recorded history at the start of the fifth century.

Children of EUDAF are:

16.              i.    CYNAN¹⁰ AP EUDAF, d. Unknown.

17.             ii.    ERBIN AP EUDAF, d. Unknown.

18.            iii.    ELEN VERCH EUDAF, d. Unknown.

15.  CUNEDD⁹ (COEL⁸ AP CADFAN, GWLADYS⁷ VERCH LUCIUS, LUCIUS⁶ AP COEL, COEL⁵ AP MARIUS, MARIUS⁴ AP ARVIRAGUS, ARVIRAGUS³ AP CUNOBELIN, CUNOBELIN² AP TASCIOVANUS, TASCIOVANUS¹)³⁹ died Unknown.

Child of CUNEDD is:

19.              i.    CONFER¹⁰ AP CUNEDD, d. Unknown.

Generation No. 10

16.  CYNAN¹⁰ AP EUDAF (EUDAF⁹, COEL⁸ AP CADFAN, GWLADYS⁷ VERCH LUCIUS, LUCIUS⁶ AP COEL, COEL⁵ AP MARIUS, MARIUS⁴ AP ARVIRAGUS, ARVIRAGUS³ AP CUNOBELIN, CUNOBELIN² AP TASCIOVANUS, TASCIOVANUS¹)³⁹ died Unknown.

Children of CYNAN AP EUDAF are:

20.              i.    CADFAN¹¹ AP CYNAN, d. Unknown.

21.             ii.    GADEON AP CYNAN, d. Unknown.

17.  ERBIN¹⁰ AP EUDAF (EUDAF⁹, COEL⁸ AP CADFAN, GWLADYS⁷ VERCH LUCIUS, LUCIUS⁶ AP COEL, COEL⁵ AP MARIUS, MARIUS⁴ AP ARVIRAGUS, ARVIRAGUS³ AP CUNOBELIN, CUNOBELIN² AP TASCIOVANUS, TASCIOVANUS¹)³⁹ died Unknown.

Children of ERBIN AP EUDAF are:

22.              i.    ERB¹¹ AP ERBIN, d. Unknown.

23.             ii.    NYNNIAW AP ERBIN, d. Unknown.

18.  ELEN¹⁰ VERCH EUDAF (EUDAF⁹, COEL⁸ AP CADFAN, GWLADYS⁷ VERCH LUCIUS, LUCIUS⁶ AP COEL, COEL⁵ AP MARIUS, MARIUS⁴ AP ARVIRAGUS, ARVIRAGUS³ AP CUNOBELIN, CUNOBELIN² AP TASCIOVANUS, TASCIOVANUS¹)³⁹ died Unknown.  She married MAGNUS MAXIMUS³⁹.  He was born 300⁴⁰, and died 388⁴⁰.

Notes for MAGNUS MAXIMUS:

[Mike Ashley, The Mammoth Book of British Kings & Queens,  (Carroll and Graf Publishers, New York, 1998), pgs. 91-92.]

[B64;P88] MAGNUS "MAXIMUS" or MACSEN "WLEDIG (LEADER)" or MAXIMIANUS
Emperor of Western Rome (Britain, Spain, Gaul), 25 August 383-28 July 388. the period from 367-383 had been an unsettling one in Britain. The island became increasingly subject to attacks, both from Germanic tribes and from Picts and Irish. By 367 the problem was at such a height, with the death of the Roman duke, Fullofaudes, that the emperor Valentinian sent an army into Britain under the command of Theodosius the Elder, a Spanish general. Magnus Maximus, another Spanish soldier, accompanied Theodosius. Within two years Theodosius had brought matters under control and established a new administration. However, the British nobility now felt the poorer, and the strict rule of the young new emperor, Gratian, caused unrest in Britain. In 383 the Roman army in Britain declared Maximus emperor. Maximus had stayed on in Britain after Theodisius's campaign and had established himself with considerable authority and popularity. It is probable that he had attained the title of duke. In 382 he had achieved a strong victory over another uprising of Picts. Within months of the soldiers declaring Maximus emperor, he raised an army and sailed to France where he engaged Gratian in battle outside Paris. After five days Gratian fled. Soldiers caught and killed him at Lyons on 25 August 383, though not under the orders of Maximus. Maximus was rapidly accepted as emperor in the West, a position acknowledged by Rheodosius the Younger, who was emperor in the East. Maximus held his court at Trier on the Moselle.
     Maximus was clearly a popular emperor, despite the fact that he had to levy high taxes to sustain his army. He was Christian and was highly respected by the Church, though his strict catholic outlook led to him ordering the death of heretics, particularly the Gnostic Priscillianists in Spain. By 386 he became increasingly certain that he needed to move into Italy which nominally was still under the control of the youth Valentinian II. He prepared his way carefully and, by January 388, was successfully installed in Rome. Now feeling under threat Theodosius brought his better trained forces against Maximus who, after a few engagements, was defeated and captured. Although Theodosius was prepared to be lenient, Maximus was killed by a group of soldiers on 28 July 388. His son, Victor, whom he had made Caesar, was captured in Gaul and killed.
     Maximus left a remarkable legacy in British folklore. He was readily adopted into the fabric of British history where he became Macsen "Wledig," the latter a title reserved for a few leaders who emerged from the landed gentry. He is reputed to have married Elen, or Helen, the daughter of Eudaf (or Odes, or OCTAVIUS) the Ruler of the Gewisse in southern Wales, and his own daughter Servia or Severa, married VORTIGERN, the later high king of Britain. Through his children Macsen became credited as the father of the later rulers of Gwent and Glamorgan, including ERB and the fabled ARTHUR, and Britain's first high king, OWAIN. Such was the impact of Maximus's achievement in attaining the throne of Rome, that many British rulers endeavoured  to claim descent from him. What is uncertain now is how many of these genealogies are rigged or whether there is some essence of truth. Maximus did live in Britain for sixteen years before being raised to the Purple, and he was evidently extremely popular.
   The legacy of Maximus's campaign was, however, to weaken an already weakening Britain. Although he did not withdraw all the forces from the island, he certainly withdrew a substantial number. There is no doubt that as a seasoned campaigner he would not have left the island undefended, and this is probably where the origins of other royal families arose. It is probable that Maximus installed some strong commanders in the territory between the Hadrianic and Antonine Walls who became the forebears of later rulers. These would include Quintilius, or Cinhil, the grandfather of CUNEDDA. It is also possible that Maximus established the arrangement of a strong Irish leadership, under EOCHAID in Demetia (south-west Wales), and the colony of Britons in Armorica (Brittany) in Northern France. His period as emperor was brief, but his impact on the emerging kingships in Britain was considerable.

Cause of Death: Killed in battle⁴⁰

Known as: Macsen "Wledig (Leader)"⁴¹

Reign: Bet. 25 Aug 383 - 28 Jul 388, Emperor of Western Rome (Britain, Spain, Gaul)⁴²

Children of ELEN VERCH EUDAF and MAGNUS MAXIMUS are:

                   i.    SEVERA¹¹ MAXIMUS, d. Unknown.

                  ii.    OWAIN MAXIMUS, d. 425.

                 iii.    VICTOR MAXIMUS, d. Aft. 28 Jul 388, Gaul.

19.  CONFER¹⁰ AP CUNEDD (CUNEDD⁹, COEL⁸ AP CADFAN, GWLADYS⁷ VERCH LUCIUS, LUCIUS⁶ AP COEL, COEL⁵ AP MARIUS, MARIUS⁴ AP ARVIRAGUS, ARVIRAGUS³ AP CUNOBELIN, CUNOBELIN² AP TASCIOVANUS, TASCIOVANUS¹)⁴³ died Unknown.

Child of CONFER AP CUNEDD is:

24.              i.    FER¹¹ AP CONFER, d. Unknown.

Generation No. 11

20.  CADFAN¹¹ AP CYNAN (CYNAN¹⁰ AP EUDAF, EUDAF⁹, COEL⁸ AP CADFAN, GWLADYS⁷ VERCH LUCIUS, LUCIUS⁶ AP COEL, COEL⁵ AP MARIUS, MARIUS⁴ AP ARVIRAGUS, ARVIRAGUS³ AP CUNOBELIN, CUNOBELIN² AP TASCIOVANUS, TASCIOVANUS¹)⁴³ died Unknown.

Child of CADFAN AP CYNAN is:

25.              i.    YSTRADAL¹² VERCH CADFAN, d. Unknown.

21.  GADEON¹¹ AP CYNAN (CYNAN¹⁰ AP EUDAF, EUDAF⁹, COEL⁸ AP CADFAN, GWLADYS⁷ VERCH LUCIUS, LUCIUS⁶ AP COEL, COEL⁵ AP MARIUS, MARIUS⁴ AP ARVIRAGUS, ARVIRAGUS³ AP CUNOBELIN, CUNOBELIN² AP TASCIOVANUS, TASCIOVANUS¹)⁴³ died Unknown.

Notes for GADEON AP CYNAN:

[Mike Ashley, The Mammoth Book of British Kings & Queens,  (Carroll and Graf Publishers, New York, 1998), pgs. 115-116.]

[DC5] GADEON or ADEON Dumnonia, fl 450s.
Variously shown as the brother or, more likely, son of CYNAN, Gadeon was involved with him in establishing the Cornovii in Dumnonia and driving out the Irish settlers. He was a contemporary of RIOTHAMUS, the leaser of the British settlers who migrated from Wales and Dumnonia into Brittany, and this is likely to be his brother or nephew Cynan Meriadoc. Gadeon would also have been involved in the migration but he is more closely connected with Dumnonia and probably became the first leader of the settlers there. His son was GWRWAWR.

Reign: 450, Ruler of Dumnonia⁴⁴

Child of GADEON AP CYNAN is:

26.              i.    GWRWAWR¹² AP GADEON, d. Unknown.

22.  ERB¹¹ AP ERBIN (ERBIN¹⁰ AP EUDAF, EUDAF⁹, COEL⁸ AP CADFAN, GWLADYS⁷ VERCH LUCIUS, LUCIUS⁶ AP COEL, COEL⁵ AP MARIUS, MARIUS⁴ AP ARVIRAGUS, ARVIRAGUS³ AP CUNOBELIN, CUNOBELIN² AP TASCIOVANUS, TASCIOVANUS¹)⁴⁵ died Unknown.

Notes for ERB AP ERBIN:

[Mike Ashley, The Mammoth Book of British Kings & Queens,  (Carroll and Graf Publishers, New York, 1998), pg. 123.]

[EA1] ERB Gwent and Ergyng, fl 420s.
The genealogies list Erb or Yrb as the son of Erbin, an earlier chieftain in the Gwent area, and grandson of OCTAVIUS. Erb is the first historically attested king of this territory, as a charter survives where he granted land to St Dubricius, probably close to the end of his life as he observed that "ambition and the power of the world are perishable." The dating of Dubricius has never been resolved, his life lying somewhere between the years 475-612. Erb was the father of PEBIAU who inherited Ergyng... Gwent passed to his brother NYNNIAW.

Reign: 420, Ruler of Gwent⁴⁶

Child of ERB AP ERBIN is:

27.              i.    PEBIAU¹² AP ERB, b. Abt. 490; d. Unknown.

23.  NYNNIAW¹¹ AP ERBIN (ERBIN¹⁰ AP EUDAF, EUDAF⁹, COEL⁸ AP CADFAN, GWLADYS⁷ VERCH LUCIUS, LUCIUS⁶ AP COEL, COEL⁵ AP MARIUS, MARIUS⁴ AP ARVIRAGUS, ARVIRAGUS³ AP CUNOBELIN, CUNOBELIN² AP TASCIOVANUS, TASCIOVANUS¹)⁴⁷ died Unknown.

Notes for NYNNIAW AP ERBIN:

[Mike Ashley, The Mammoth Book of British Kings & Queens,  (Carroll and Graf Publishers, New York, 1998), pg. 123.]

[EA2] NYNNIAW Gwent, fl 450s.
It is difficult to be accurate about the chronology of these early kings, but Nynniaw is shown as a contemporary of CUNEDDA and must therefore have lived about the middle of the fifth century. He may well have been named after the holy man St Ninian, a Celtic missionary amongst the Picts who died in 431. There is no record to say whether Nynniaw modelled himself upon his namesake but it is very possible.

Reign: 450, Ruler of Gwent⁴⁸

Child of NYNNIAW AP ERBIN is:

28.              i.    TEITHFALLT¹² AP NYNNIAW, d. Unknown.

24.  FER¹¹ AP CONFER (CONFER¹⁰ AP CUNEDD, CUNEDD⁹, COEL⁸ AP CADFAN, GWLADYS⁷ VERCH LUCIUS, LUCIUS⁶ AP COEL, COEL⁵ AP MARIUS, MARIUS⁴ AP ARVIRAGUS, ARVIRAGUS³ AP CUNOBELIN, CUNOBELIN² AP TASCIOVANUS, TASCIOVANUS¹)⁴⁹ died Unknown.

Child of FER AP CONFER is:

29.              i.    CURSALEM¹² AP FER, d. Unknown.

Generation No. 12

25.  YSTRADAL¹² VERCH CADFAN (CADFAN¹¹ AP CYNAN, CYNAN¹⁰ AP EUDAF, EUDAF⁹, COEL⁸ AP CADFAN, GWLADYS⁷ VERCH LUCIUS, LUCIUS⁶ AP COEL, COEL⁵ AP MARIUS, MARIUS⁴ AP ARVIRAGUS, ARVIRAGUS³ AP CUNOBELIN, CUNOBELIN² AP TASCIOVANUS, TASCIOVANUS¹)⁴⁹ died Unknown.  She married COEL AP GUOTEPAUC⁴⁹, son of GUOTEPAUC AP TEGFAN.  He died 430⁵⁰.

Notes for COEL AP GUOTEPAUC:

[Mike Ashley, The Mammoth Book of British Kings & Queens,  (Carroll and Graf Publishers, New York, 1998), pgs. 97-98.]

[DA1;P84] COEL "HEN" (THE OLD) Ruler of the northern Britons, c410s-c430s
Whether the nursery rhyme about Old King Cole has any connection with the real King Cole is unlikely, but that a real King Coel existed is indisputable, although records of him survive only from later songs and genealogies. He was almost certainly a native Briton whose forebears had probably been high-ranking individuals amongst the Romano-British nobility. He was likely to be either from the British tribe of the Brigantes or, more likely, the Votadini. In the late fourth century and early fifth century the northern frontier of the Roman empire, which had retrenched along Hadrian's Wall, came under fierce attack from the Picts to the north. Following the withdrawal of support from Rome in 410, the British were left to fend for themselves. In such events leaders emerge, and it was under these circumstances that Coel emerged. Whether he was a "dux bellorum," as John Morris has suggested, is not proven, but there is little doubt that he met the need for strong leadership to protect the northern British against the Picts as well as from incursions by the Irish who, over the last century, had made regular forays into the Galloway territory of what is now Scotland. Coel has become the name associated with whichever leader first took control during this period of considerable unrest. Gildas and others record this as a period of civil wars, invasions and ultimately famine. It lasted for about a generation from some time after 410 to around 450. That period also saw the arrival of Saxons or other Germanic adventurers who probably came as mercenaries to help in Coel's army rather than as invaders. Some may have received land in payment. It has been conjectured that HENGEST's lieutenant OISC (sometimes described as his son) could have been the leader of these Germans, perhaps of a second and more significant wave that came across in the 440s and 470s.
     The extent of Coel's "kingdom" is uncertain. It is possible that it extended as far south as York, perhaps to a line between the Humber and the Mersey, and possibly as far north as the Antonine Wall between the Forth and the Clyde. This is a vast territory, too much for one man to govern, and covering more than one tribe. Coel would almost certainly have appointed a number of commanders, perhaps the leaders of the individual tribes. Whether or not these were related to him as later genealogies suggest can neither be proved not disproved. One son, GARBANIAWN (or Germanianus), ruled the southern Votadini, the territory known to the British as Bryneich, which became Bernicia under the Angles. Coel's son-in-law, CUNEDDA, ruled the territory of the northern Votadini, the also known as the Gododdin, a realm later known as Lothian (from the ruler Lewdwn or LEUDONUS). Another son, Cenen or CENEU, seems to have taken command of the lands south of Bryneich, around York, firmly in the territory of the eastern Brigantes, which later became known as Deira but at this time probably known as Catraeth. To the west was CERETIC who commanded the territory of the Clyde, including Galloway and probably down into Cumbria, the territory of the Novantae and Selgovae. It is difficult to say for sure how definite these commands were. Coel might have moved his commanders about or, more likely, perhaps during or soon after his death the old tribal enmities returned with leaders fighting for supremacy. Whatever the case, their final power bases almost certainly formed the core of later (mostly short-lived) British kingdoms. Coel's own headquarters are variously stated as being at York or in the area around Ayr, which is now called Kyle, possibly named after him. Coel seems to have dominated this area for perhaps twenty years, possibly up until the year 430 or beyond. One legend has it that he died fighting the Irish near Ayr.
     There is certainly no truth in the stories perpetuated by Geoffrey of Monmouth that Coel was the duke of Colchester, and that his daughter Helena married the Roman emperor CONSTANTIUS. It seems that Colchester later adopted Coel as its own patron, because of the similarity of names. It is true that later generations of rulers in northern Britain claimed themselves as "sons of Coel". Whether this was literal, or whether it meant they had inherited the lands that he ruled, we cannot be sure. The most famous amongst them are DUMNAGUAK (or Dyfnwal), MORCANT, ELEUTHER, PEREDUR and PABO.

Known as: Hen, "The Old," "Old King Cole"⁵¹

Reign: Bet. 410 - 430, King of the Northern Britons⁵²

Children of YSTRADAL VERCH CADFAN and COEL AP GUOTEPAUC are:

                   i.    GARBANIAWN¹³ AP COEL, b. Bef. 388; d. Unknown.

                  ii.    GWAWL VERCH COEL, b. Abt. 388, of Wales; d. Unknown.

                 iii.    CENEU AP COEL, b. Aft. 388; d. Bet. 470 - 479.

26.  GWRWAWR¹² AP GADEON (GADEON¹¹ AP CYNAN, CYNAN¹⁰ AP EUDAF, EUDAF⁹, COEL⁸ AP CADFAN, GWLADYS⁷ VERCH LUCIUS, LUCIUS⁶ AP COEL, COEL⁵ AP MARIUS, MARIUS⁴ AP ARVIRAGUS, ARVIRAGUS³ AP CUNOBELIN, CUNOBELIN² AP TASCIOVANUS, TASCIOVANUS¹)⁵³ died Unknown.

Notes for GWRWAWR AP GADEON:

[Mike Ashley, The Mammoth Book of British Kings & Queens,  (Carroll and Graf Publishers, New York, 1998), pg. 116.]

[DC7] GWRWAWR Dumnonia, fl 480s.
Listed in the genealogies as the son of GADEON and father of TUDVAWL. He was one of the chieftains ruling in Dumnonia at the time of the first Saxon incursions, though we know nothing more about him.

Reign: 480, Ruler of Dumnonia⁵⁴

Child of GWRWAWR AP GADEON is:

30.              i.    TUDVAWL¹³ AP GWRWAWR, d. Unknown.

27.  PEBIAU¹² AP ERB (ERB¹¹ AP ERBIN, ERBIN¹⁰ AP EUDAF, EUDAF⁹, COEL⁸ AP CADFAN, GWLADYS⁷ VERCH LUCIUS, LUCIUS⁶ AP COEL, COEL⁵ AP MARIUS, MARIUS⁴ AP ARVIRAGUS, ARVIRAGUS³ AP CUNOBELIN, CUNOBELIN² AP TASCIOVANUS, TASCIOVANUS¹)⁵⁵ was born Abt. 490⁵⁶, and died Unknown.

Notes for PEBIAU AP ERB:

[Mike Ashley, The Mammoth Book of British Kings & Queens,  (Carroll and Graf Publishers, New York, 1998), pgs. 162-163.]

[EJ1] PEBIAU "CLAFORAWG" ("the" DRIBBLER) Ergyng, fl c500.
Pebiau inherited Ergyng from his father ERB of Gwent and established a dynasty that was the main power in south-east Wales during the following century. Dating Pebiau is difficult because of conflicting information. The charters in the "Book of Llandaff" suggest he was a contemporary of St Dubric, but other genealogies show Pebiau as the grandfather of Dubric through his daughter Yrddil. Dubric's date of death is shown variously as 520, 550 or 612 and he is believed to have lived into his sixties so that we may date Pebiau's birth perhaps eighty years earlier, i.e. 440, 470 or 532. One charter notes that Pebiau had married a daughter of King Cystennyn. If this is the same as CONSTANTINE of Dumnonia, then it would favour the later date and place Pebiau in the 550s. Unfortunately Pebiau is also shown as the great-grandfather of Onbrawst who married MEURIG of Gwent, who was born about 560. The same reckoning of 20-25 years per generation would place Pebiau's birth at about 490 which may be more accurate if another of his grandchildren, CARADOC "VREICHFRAS", was also a contemporary of King ARTHUR's as tradition believes.
     Pebiau was apparently also known as "Claforawg" (or "Spumosus" in Latin), both of which refer to his affliction of constantly frothing at the mouth. Like all of the kings at this time they spent much of their life in conquest and in older age grew conscious of the hereafter and turned to the church for salvation. Pebiau's atonement was rather different. He discovered his daughter was pregnant and ordered that she be drowned, but she kept floating back to the shore. He then ordered she be burned, but the next morning they discovered her alive with her child, who became St Madle and who, as an infant, cured Pebiau of all his ailments.

Reign: 500, Ruler of Ergyng⁵⁷

Children of PEBIAU AP ERB are:

31.              i.    CYNFYN¹³ AP PEBIAU, d. Unknown.

32.             ii.    YRDDIL AP PEBIAU, d. Unknown.

28.  TEITHFALLT¹² AP NYNNIAW (NYNNIAW¹¹ AP ERBIN, ERBIN¹⁰ AP EUDAF, EUDAF⁹, COEL⁸ AP CADFAN, GWLADYS⁷ VERCH LUCIUS, LUCIUS⁶ AP COEL, COEL⁵ AP MARIUS, MARIUS⁴ AP ARVIRAGUS, ARVIRAGUS³ AP CUNOBELIN, CUNOBELIN² AP TASCIOVANUS, TASCIOVANUS¹)⁵⁸ died Unknown.  He married CORUN VERCH CEREDIG⁵⁸, daughter of CEREDIG AP CUNEDDA and ELERI VERCH BRYCHAN.  She died Unknown.

Notes for TEITHFALLT AP NYNNIAW:

[Mike Ashley, The Mammoth Book of British Kings & Queens,  (Carroll and Graf Publishers, New York, 1998), pg. 123.]

 [EA3] TEITHFALLT or TEWDFALCH Gwent, fl 480s.
The son of NYNNIAW, he married Corun the daughter of CEREDIG the son of CUNEDDA. His name is a Celtic version of Theodosius and may have been adopted to reflect the glory still attached to a Roman commander called Theodosius, who restored peace in Britain in the period 367-371 after quelling an uprising of Picts and Irish. Teithfallt might even have been distantly related to him. He was succeeded by his son TEWDRIG, though parts of Gwent at this time were also shared by Honorius or Ynyr.

Reign: 480, Ruler of Gwent⁵⁹

More About TEITHFALLT AP NYNNIAW and CORUN VERCH CEREDIG:

Marriage: ⁶⁰

Child of TEITHFALLT AP NYNNIAW and CORUN VERCH CEREDIG is:

33.              i.    VERCH TEITHFALLT¹³, d. Unknown.

29.  CURSALEM¹² AP FER (FER¹¹ AP CONFER, CONFER¹⁰ AP CUNEDD, CUNEDD⁹, COEL⁸ AP CADFAN, GWLADYS⁷ VERCH LUCIUS, LUCIUS⁶ AP COEL, COEL⁵ AP MARIUS, MARIUS⁴ AP ARVIRAGUS, ARVIRAGUS³ AP CUNOBELIN, CUNOBELIN² AP TASCIOVANUS, TASCIOVANUS¹)⁶¹ died Unknown.

Child of CURSALEM AP FER is:

34.              i.    CLUIM¹³ AP CURSALEM, d. Unknown.

Generation No. 13

30.  TUDVAWL¹³ AP GWRWAWR (GWRWAWR¹² AP GADEON, GADEON¹¹ AP CYNAN, CYNAN¹⁰ AP EUDAF, EUDAF⁹, COEL⁸ AP CADFAN, GWLADYS⁷ VERCH LUCIUS, LUCIUS⁶ AP COEL, COEL⁵ AP MARIUS, MARIUS⁴ AP ARVIRAGUS, ARVIRAGUS³ AP CUNOBELIN, CUNOBELIN² AP TASCIOVANUS, TASCIOVANUS¹)⁶² died Unknown.

Notes for TUDVAWL AP GWRWAWR:

[Mike Ashley, The Mammoth Book of British Kings & Queens,  (Carroll and Graf Publishers, New York, 1998), pg. 116.]

[DC8] TUDVAWL Dumnonia, fl 500s.
Tudvawl, which is another Celtic variant of Tutagual or possibly Tewdwr, was the son of GWRWAWR and father of the more famous CONSTANTINE. He was chieftain of Dumnonia of the main royal line, but we know nothing about him.

Reign: 500, Ruler of Dumnonia⁶³

Child of TUDVAWL AP GWRWAWR is:

35.              i.    CONSTANTINE¹⁴ AP TUDVAWL, d. 540.

31.  CYNFYN¹³ AP PEBIAU (PEBIAU¹² AP ERB, ERB¹¹ AP ERBIN, ERBIN¹⁰ AP EUDAF, EUDAF⁹, COEL⁸ AP CADFAN, GWLADYS⁷ VERCH LUCIUS, LUCIUS⁶ AP COEL, COEL⁵ AP MARIUS, MARIUS⁴ AP ARVIRAGUS, ARVIRAGUS³ AP CUNOBELIN, CUNOBELIN² AP TASCIOVANUS, TASCIOVANUS¹)⁶⁴ died Unknown.

Notes for CYNFYN AP PEBIAU:

[Mike Ashley, The Mammoth Book of British Kings & Queens,  (Carroll and Graf Publishers, New York, 1998), pg. 163.]

[EJ2] CYNFYN Ergyng, fl 510s.
Son of PEBIAU and father of GWRGAN "MAWR".

Reign: 510, Ruler of Ergyng⁶⁵

Child of CYNFYN AP PEBIAU is:

36.              i.    GWRGAN¹⁴ AP CYNFYN, d. Unknown.

32.  YRDDIL¹³ AP PEBIAU (PEBIAU¹² AP ERB, ERB¹¹ AP ERBIN, ERBIN¹⁰ AP EUDAF, EUDAF⁹, COEL⁸ AP CADFAN, GWLADYS⁷ VERCH LUCIUS, LUCIUS⁶ AP COEL, COEL⁵ AP MARIUS, MARIUS⁴ AP ARVIRAGUS, ARVIRAGUS³ AP CUNOBELIN, CUNOBELIN² AP TASCIOVANUS, TASCIOVANUS¹)⁶⁵ died Unknown.

Child of YRDDIL AP PEBIAU is:

                   i.    DUBRIC¹⁴⁶⁵, d. Bet. 520 - 612⁶⁵.

33.  VERCH TEITHFALLT¹³ (TEITHFALLT¹² AP NYNNIAW, NYNNIAW¹¹ AP ERBIN, ERBIN¹⁰ AP EUDAF, EUDAF⁹, COEL⁸ AP CADFAN, GWLADYS⁷ VERCH LUCIUS, LUCIUS⁶ AP COEL, COEL⁵ AP MARIUS, MARIUS⁴ AP ARVIRAGUS, ARVIRAGUS³ AP CUNOBELIN, CUNOBELIN² AP TASCIOVANUS, TASCIOVANUS¹)⁶⁶ died Unknown.  She married BUDIC AP ALDROENUS⁶⁶, son of ALDROENUS AP SALOMON.  He died Abt. 556⁶⁷.

More About BUDIC AP ALDROENUS:

Reign: Bet. 516 - 556, Celtic King⁶⁷

Children of VERCH TEITHFALLT and BUDIC AP ALDROENUS are:

                   i.    TEWDRIG¹⁴ AP BUDIC, d. 584.

                  ii.    HOEL AP BUDIC, d. Unknown.

34.  CLUIM¹³ AP CURSALEM (CURSALEM¹² AP FER, FER¹¹ AP CONFER, CONFER¹⁰ AP CUNEDD, CUNEDD⁹, COEL⁸ AP CADFAN, GWLADYS⁷ VERCH LUCIUS, LUCIUS⁶ AP COEL, COEL⁵ AP MARIUS, MARIUS⁴ AP ARVIRAGUS, ARVIRAGUS³ AP CUNOBELIN, CUNOBELIN² AP TASCIOVANUS, TASCIOVANUS¹)⁶⁸ died Unknown.

Child of CLUIM AP CURSALEM is:

37.              i.    CINHIL¹⁴ AP CLUIM, d. Unknown.

Generation No. 14

35.  CONSTANTINE¹⁴ AP TUDVAWL (TUDVAWL¹³ AP GWRWAWR, GWRWAWR¹² AP GADEON, GADEON¹¹ AP CYNAN, CYNAN¹⁰ AP EUDAF, EUDAF⁹, COEL⁸ AP CADFAN, GWLADYS⁷ VERCH LUCIUS, LUCIUS⁶ AP COEL, COEL⁵ AP MARIUS, MARIUS⁴ AP ARVIRAGUS, ARVIRAGUS³ AP CUNOBELIN, CUNOBELIN² AP TASCIOVANUS, TASCIOVANUS¹)⁶⁸ died 540⁶⁹.

Notes for CONSTANTINE AP TUDVAWL:

[Mike Ashley, The Mammoth Book of British Kings & Queens,  (Carroll and Graf Publishers, New York, 1998), pg. 113.]

[DB6;DC9;P99] CONSTANTINE or CUSTENNYN Dumnonia and High King of Britain, fl 530s.
Although legend credits Constantine with inheriting the high kingship, it is doubtful if this was the case and he almost certainly remained ruler of Dumnonia in south-west Britain. See the full entry under DC9 below.

[Mike Ashley, The Mammoth Book of British Kings & Queens,  (Carroll and Graf Publishers, New York, 1998), pg. 116.]

[DC9;DB6;P99] CONSTANTINE or CUSTENNYN Dumnonia and High-King of Britain, fl 530s.
A name too commonly associated with the history and legends of king ARTHUR and thus one where fact and fancy merge. According to Geoffrey of Monmouth, Constantine was the son of Duke Cador of Cornwall who accepted the kingship from his cousin Arthur at the time of his death, which Geoffrey dates as 542. Constantine faced an uprising by the sons of Mordred, whom he overthrew. He continued a vendetta against them, killing them both when they sought sanctuary within the church. For this Constantine was punished and struck down by God. He was succeeded by his nephew, AURELIUS CANINUS, who murdered Constantine's brother. Geoffrey may have some facts at the core of his narrative as Gildas also recalls Constantine, and he was a contemporary of his. He calls him a "tyrant whelp", who had abandoned his lawful wife many years previously and become a cruel despot. Gildas also refers to the murder of two royal princes. He entreats Constantine to repent, stating that he knows he is still alive. This last statement suggests that perhaps Constantine had abdicated or been deposed and was in exile, possibly in Brittany. He was succeeded in Cornwall by his son ERBIN.

Reign: 530, Ruler of Dumnonia and High King of Britain⁷⁰

Child of CONSTANTINE AP TUDVAWL is:

38.              i.    ERBIN¹⁵ AP CONSTANTINE, d. Unknown.

36.  GWRGAN¹⁴ AP CYNFYN (CYNFYN¹³ AP PEBIAU, PEBIAU¹² AP ERB, ERB¹¹ AP ERBIN, ERBIN¹⁰ AP EUDAF, EUDAF⁹, COEL⁸ AP CADFAN, GWLADYS⁷ VERCH LUCIUS, LUCIUS⁶ AP COEL, COEL⁵ AP MARIUS, MARIUS⁴ AP ARVIRAGUS, ARVIRAGUS³ AP CUNOBELIN, CUNOBELIN² AP TASCIOVANUS, TASCIOVANUS¹)⁷¹ died Unknown.

Notes for GWRGAN AP CYNFYN:

[Mike Ashley, The Mammoth Book of British Kings & Queens,  (Carroll and Graf Publishers, New York, 1998), pg. 163.]

[EJ3] GWRGAN "MAWR" (the GREAT) Ergyng, fl 530s?
Gwrgan must have been a battle-leader of note to have become known as the Great, though nothing of his exploits survives. If his assumed dates are correct then Gwrgan would certainly have been in battle against the Saxons, and probably fought against CERDIC. It is important to note that the territory of the Ergyng has also been identified as Gewisse, and Cerdic was called the king of the Gewisse. Cerdic may therefore have been a renegade prince of Ergyng, possibly even Gwrgan's son or brother, who joined in league with the Saxons. Gwrgan's son was CARADOC "VREICHFAS".

Known as: Mawr (The Great)⁷¹

Child of GWRGAN AP CYNFYN is:

39.              i.    CARADOC¹⁵ AP GWRGAN, d. Unknown.

37.  CINHIL¹⁴ AP CLUIM (CLUIM¹³ AP CURSALEM, CURSALEM¹² AP FER, FER¹¹ AP CONFER, CONFER¹⁰ AP CUNEDD, CUNEDD⁹, COEL⁸ AP CADFAN, GWLADYS⁷ VERCH LUCIUS, LUCIUS⁶ AP COEL, COEL⁵ AP MARIUS, MARIUS⁴ AP ARVIRAGUS, ARVIRAGUS³ AP CUNOBELIN, CUNOBELIN² AP TASCIOVANUS, TASCIOVANUS¹)⁷² died Unknown.

Child of CINHIL AP CLUIM is:

40.              i.    CYNLOYP¹⁵ AP CINHIL, d. Unknown.

Generation No. 15

38.  ERBIN¹⁵ AP CONSTANTINE (CONSTANTINE¹⁴ AP TUDVAWL, TUDVAWL¹³ AP GWRWAWR, GWRWAWR¹² AP GADEON, GADEON¹¹ AP CYNAN, CYNAN¹⁰ AP EUDAF, EUDAF⁹, COEL⁸ AP CADFAN, GWLADYS⁷ VERCH LUCIUS, LUCIUS⁶ AP COEL, COEL⁵ AP MARIUS, MARIUS⁴ AP ARVIRAGUS, ARVIRAGUS³ AP CUNOBELIN, CUNOBELIN² AP TASCIOVANUS, TASCIOVANUS¹)⁷² died Unknown.

Notes for ERBIN AP CONSTANTINE:

[Mike Ashley, The Mammoth Book of British Kings & Queens,  (Carroll and Graf Publishers, New York, 1998), pg. 116.]

[DC10] ERBIN MAP CUSTENNYN Dumnonia fl 540s.
He was the son of CONSTANTINE, though he is overlooked in Geoffrey Monmouth's narrative. His name appears in the genealogy of the Dumnonian kings where he is identified as the father of GERAINT. Interestingly a second Erbin who lived two centuries later was also the father of a GERAINT and it is possible the chroniclers became confused. There is another pairing of ERBIN and GERAINT in Strathclyde. If he existed Erbin would certainly have been one of the Britons who confronted CERDIC as he sought to establish territory in Britain. In all likelihood he met his death in battle against the Saxons.

Reign: 540, Ruler of Dumnonia⁷³

Child of ERBIN AP CONSTANTINE is:

41.              i.    GERAINT¹⁶ AP ERBIN, d. Unknown.

39.  CARADOC¹⁵ AP GWRGAN (GWRGAN¹⁴ AP CYNFYN, CYNFYN¹³ AP PEBIAU, PEBIAU¹² AP ERB, ERB¹¹ AP ERBIN, ERBIN¹⁰ AP EUDAF, EUDAF⁹, COEL⁸ AP CADFAN, GWLADYS⁷ VERCH LUCIUS, LUCIUS⁶ AP COEL, COEL⁵ AP MARIUS, MARIUS⁴ AP ARVIRAGUS, ARVIRAGUS³ AP CUNOBELIN, CUNOBELIN² AP TASCIOVANUS, TASCIOVANUS¹)⁷⁴ died Unknown.  He married GURGUINT VERCH GERAINT⁷⁵, daughter of GERAINT AP ERBIN.  She died Unknown.

Notes for CARADOC AP GWRGAN:

[Mike Ashley, The Mammoth Book of British Kings & Queens,  (Carroll and Graf Publishers, New York, 1998), pgs. 163-164.]

[EJ4] CARADOC "VREICHFAS" Ergyng and Gwent, fl 550s?
It is difficult to be sure about the date of Caradoc's life. He was the great-grandson of PEBIAU and probably lived during the middle of the sixth century. His nickname means "of the strong arms", suggesting he was a strong and valiant hero. He is remembered as the founder of the royal dynasty of Gwent, though this would date him too early. Unless there are two heroes of the same name, the genealogies that show him as the father of Eudaf "Hen" (see OCTAVIUS) are almost certainly in error, as this would place him acentury or two earlier (see CARADOCUS of Geoffrey's "History"). No historical facts of Caradoc's life remain, though we can imagine he was a noted warrior, probalby involved in the fight against the Saxon invaders. It is interesting to speculate on the similarity of names between Caradoc and CERDIC, the chief of the Gewisse, claimed as the ancestor of the West Saxons. Ergyng was known as the territory of the Gewisse, and it is just possible that Cerdic and Caradoc may have been one and the same. Cerdic/Caradoc may have led an army of Saxon mercenaries to help fight against other Saxon marauders and as a consequence carved out his own kingdom in Wiltshire, not many miles from Ergyng, his homeland. In Welsh legend Caradoc is shown as a contemporary of ARTHUR. His wife, Gurguint, was the sister of CADOR of Cornwall.

Known as: Vreichfas⁷⁶

Reign: 550, Ruler of Ergyng and Gwent⁷⁷

Child of CARADOC AP GWRGAN and GURGUINT VERCH GERAINT is:

42.              i.    CAURDAF¹⁶ AP CARADOC, d. Unknown.

40.  CYNLOYP¹⁵ AP CINHIL (CINHIL¹⁴ AP CLUIM, CLUIM¹³ AP CURSALEM, CURSALEM¹² AP FER, FER¹¹ AP CONFER, CONFER¹⁰ AP CUNEDD, CUNEDD⁹, COEL⁸ AP CADFAN, GWLADYS⁷ VERCH LUCIUS, LUCIUS⁶ AP COEL, COEL⁵ AP MARIUS, MARIUS⁴ AP ARVIRAGUS, ARVIRAGUS³ AP CUNOBELIN, CUNOBELIN² AP TASCIOVANUS, TASCIOVANUS¹)⁷⁸ died Unknown.

Child of CYNLOYP AP CINHIL is:

43.              i.    CERETIC¹⁶ AP CYNLOYP, d. Unknown.

Generation No. 16

41.  GERAINT¹⁶ AP ERBIN (ERBIN¹⁵ AP CONSTANTINE, CONSTANTINE¹⁴ AP TUDVAWL, TUDVAWL¹³ AP GWRWAWR, GWRWAWR¹² AP GADEON, GADEON¹¹ AP CYNAN, CYNAN¹⁰ AP EUDAF, EUDAF⁹, COEL⁸ AP CADFAN, GWLADYS⁷ VERCH LUCIUS, LUCIUS⁶ AP COEL, COEL⁵ AP MARIUS, MARIUS⁴ AP ARVIRAGUS, ARVIRAGUS³ AP CUNOBELIN, CUNOBELIN² AP TASCIOVANUS, TASCIOVANUS¹)⁷⁸ died Unknown.

Notes for GERAINT AP ERBIN:

[Mike Ashley, The Mammoth Book of British Kings & Queens,  (Carroll and Graf Publishers, New York, 1998), pg. 117.]

[DC11] GERAINT (I) Dumnonia fl 550s.
He was the son of ERBIN and grandson of CONSTANTINE. There is a problem dating Geraint's reign however. He is remembered in a remarkable Welsh poem which recalls his heroic fight and death at the battle of Llongborth or Longport, where the poet fancies he saw "ARTHUR's heroes" cut with steel. It is not likely that the poet intended Geraint to be a contemporary of Arthur's, though the oral tradition may mean that some of Arthur's own men were still alive and fighting alongside Geraint. This may be the same battle recorded in the ASC under the year 501 when the unlikely named Port arrived with his sons and slew a noble young British king at the battle of Prtsmouth. This would place him contemporary with Arthur but would make it difficult to be the grandson of Constantine who was Arthur's successor. We know that the ASC dates for this early period are notoriously inaccurate and that because the annalists often computed using the Easter cycle of dates (when Easter repeats itself on a cycle of nineteen years) it is possible that the battle of Longport took place in 520 or more probably 539 or 558 (annalists were notorious for pushing dates back in time to establish historical precedent). Geraint's existence is a good example of how difficult it is to relate ancient (and usually non-contemporaneous records) to a logical chronological sequence. He was the father of several missionaries, notably St Cyngar or Congar who founded churches in Brittany suggesting that many of Geraint's descendants migrated to Gaul at this time.

Reign: 550, Ruler of Dumnonia⁷⁹

Children of GERAINT AP ERBIN are:

44.              i.    CADOR¹⁷ AP GERAINT, d. Unknown.

45.             ii.    GURGUINT VERCH GERAINT, d. Unknown.

42.  CAURDAF¹⁶ AP CARADOC (CARADOC¹⁵ AP GWRGAN, GWRGAN¹⁴ AP CYNFYN, CYNFYN¹³ AP PEBIAU, PEBIAU¹² AP ERB, ERB¹¹ AP ERBIN, ERBIN¹⁰ AP EUDAF, EUDAF⁹, COEL⁸ AP CADFAN, GWLADYS⁷ VERCH LUCIUS, LUCIUS⁶ AP COEL, COEL⁵ AP MARIUS, MARIUS⁴ AP ARVIRAGUS, ARVIRAGUS³ AP CUNOBELIN, CUNOBELIN² AP TASCIOVANUS, TASCIOVANUS¹)⁸⁰ died Unknown.

Notes for CAURDAF AP CARADOC:

[Mike Ashley, The Mammoth Book of British Kings & Queens,  (Carroll and Graf Publishers, New York, 1998), pg. 164.]

[EJ5] CAURDAF Ergyng, fl 570s.
the son of CARADOC "VREICHFAS". Nothing is recorded of his exploits though he lived at the time of considerable battles against the Saxons. It is possible he was one of the three kings defeated at Dyrham in 577, though his name does not compare with either COINMAL or CONDIDAN. It is certain that his lands would have been affected by that victory. He may also have been at the battle of Tintern in 584.

Reign: 570, Ruler of Ergyng⁸¹

Child of CAURDAF AP CARADOC is:

                   i.    MEDRAWD¹⁷ AP CAURDAF⁸², d. Unknown.

Notes for MEDRAWD AP CAURDAF:

[Mike Ashley, The Mammoth Book of British Kings & Queens,  (Carroll and Graf Publishers, New York, 1998), pg. 164.]

[EJ6] MEDRAWD Ergyng, fl 590s.
One of the last kings of Ergyng, the son of Caurdaf and grandson of CARADOC "VREICHFAS". Medrawd was killed in battle, and it has been suggested that he was the historical person behind Mordred of Arthurian legend. Medrawd was second cousin of ARTHWYR of Gwent. Though there is no record that he fought against Arthwyr, there could have been territorial disputes and the association of names later could have become linked to the Arthurian legends.

Cause of Death: Killed in battle⁸³

Reign: 590, Ruler of Ergyng⁸³

43.  CERETIC¹⁶ AP CYNLOYP (CYNLOYP¹⁵ AP CINHIL, CINHIL¹⁴ AP CLUIM, CLUIM¹³ AP CURSALEM, CURSALEM¹² AP FER, FER¹¹ AP CONFER, CONFER¹⁰ AP CUNEDD, CUNEDD⁹, COEL⁸ AP CADFAN, GWLADYS⁷ VERCH LUCIUS, LUCIUS⁶ AP COEL, COEL⁵ AP MARIUS, MARIUS⁴ AP ARVIRAGUS, ARVIRAGUS³ AP CUNOBELIN, CUNOBELIN² AP TASCIOVANUS, TASCIOVANUS¹)⁸⁴ died Unknown.

Notes for CERETIC AP CYNLOYP:

[Mike Ashley, The Mammoth Book of British Kings & Queens,  (Carroll and Graf Publishers, New York, 1998), pg. 99.]

[DA6] CERETIC Founder of the dynasty of Strathclyde.

[Mike Ashley, The Mammoth Book of British Kings & Queens,  (Carroll and Graf Publishers, New York, 1998), pgs. 183-186.]

[FB1;DA6] CERETIC Alclud (Strathclyde), fl 450s-70s(?).
Ceretic is the earliest ruler we know of the territory later called Strathclyde. This had as its core the tribe of the Damnonii, and it is likely that Ceretic was of that tribe. His pedigree suggests his forebears were Roman officials who had been placed in authority over the Damnonii. His grandfather is recorded as Cinhil (possibly the Roman Quintillius) the son of Cluim (or Clemens), who was probably a Roman general established in command at the Clyde during the reign of MAGNUS MAXIMUS in the late fourth century. It is also just possible that this Ceretic is the same as CEREDIG, the son fo CUNEDDA, and that he may not only have established a kingdom in Alclud, but subsequently joined his father in North Wales where his descendents ruled Ceredigion.
     Ceretic's strict area of rule may not have extended far from his rocky fortress of Dumbarton, but his influence certainly extended far afield. He is known because St Patrick wrote to him, some time about 450, to complain about his practice of capturing Irish men and women and selling them as slaves to the Picts. The slave-trade between Ireland and Scotland was extremely probitable (in lieu of any coinage) and it was on this wealth that the strong kingdom of Alclud was established. It is not recorded that Ceretic did anything about it. Patrick wrote a second time to admonish the king. The only effect we know this had is from Muirchu's colourful account of Patrick's life in which Ceretic apparently had a premonition that his time had come and, in full view of his court, he was transformed into a fox and ran away. This may have a double-edged interpretation. Ceretic may, at length, have quailed before the wrath of Patrick and ceased his trading openly, but foxes are known for their cunning, and Ceretic may well have continued in a more sly fashion. We will never know. He was succeeded by his sons ERBIN and CINUIT.

Reign: Bet. 450 - 470, Ruler of Strathclyde⁸⁵

Child of CERETIC AP CYNLOYP is:

46.              i.    ERP¹⁷ AP CERETIC, d. Unknown.

Generation No. 17

44.  CADOR¹⁷ AP GERAINT (GERAINT¹⁶ AP ERBIN, ERBIN¹⁵ AP CONSTANTINE, CONSTANTINE¹⁴ AP TUDVAWL, TUDVAWL¹³ AP GWRWAWR, GWRWAWR¹² AP GADEON, GADEON¹¹ AP CYNAN, CYNAN¹⁰ AP EUDAF, EUDAF⁹, COEL⁸ AP CADFAN, GWLADYS⁷ VERCH LUCIUS, LUCIUS⁶ AP COEL, COEL⁵ AP MARIUS, MARIUS⁴ AP ARVIRAGUS, ARVIRAGUS³ AP CUNOBELIN, CUNOBELIN² AP TASCIOVANUS, TASCIOVANUS¹)⁸⁶ died Unknown.

Notes for CADOR AP GERAINT:

[Mike Ashley, The Mammoth Book of British Kings & Queens,  (Carroll and Graf Publishers, New York, 1998), pg. 118.]

[DC15] CADOR MAP GERAINT Dumnonia, fl 600s.
Son of the legendary hero GERAINT. In Arthurian legend he would seem to be the same as Duke Cador, a valiant hero and supporter of ARTHUR, who helps defeat the Saxons, and who was the father of CONSTANTINE. However, if Constantine and Custennyn of the genealogies are one and the same then this Cador was the great- grandson of Arthur's Duke (which is possible). He would have been in the thick of the fighting against the West Saxons who were striving to advance west during this period. Cador may just possibly be the same king as CONDIDAN who was defeated at Dyrham in 577. He was the father of PEREDUR. This suggests a connection with the PEREDUR if York and it is possible that there are confused genealogies, as Geoffrey of Monmouth refers to Cador's defeat of the Saxon Badulf at York. Possibly some of Cador's feats have become confused with CEIDIAW of Galloway.

Reign: 580, Ruler of Dumnonia⁸⁷

Child of CADOR AP GERAINT is:

47.              i.    PEREDUR¹⁸ AP CADOR, d. Unknown.

45.  GURGUINT¹⁷ VERCH GERAINT (GERAINT¹⁶ AP ERBIN, ERBIN¹⁵ AP CONSTANTINE, CONSTANTINE¹⁴ AP TUDVAWL, TUDVAWL¹³ AP GWRWAWR, GWRWAWR¹² AP GADEON, GADEON¹¹ AP CYNAN, CYNAN¹⁰ AP EUDAF, EUDAF⁹, COEL⁸ AP CADFAN, GWLADYS⁷ VERCH LUCIUS, LUCIUS⁶ AP COEL, COEL⁵ AP MARIUS, MARIUS⁴ AP ARVIRAGUS, ARVIRAGUS³ AP CUNOBELIN, CUNOBELIN² AP TASCIOVANUS, TASCIOVANUS¹)⁸⁸ died Unknown.  She married CARADOC AP GWRGAN⁸⁹, son of GWRGAN AP CYNFYN.  He died Unknown.

Notes for CARADOC AP GWRGAN:

[Mike Ashley, The Mammoth Book of British Kings & Queens,  (Carroll and Graf Publishers, New York, 1998), pgs. 163-164.]

[EJ4] CARADOC "VREICHFAS" Ergyng and Gwent, fl 550s?
It is difficult to be sure about the date of Caradoc's life. He was the great-grandson of PEBIAU and probably lived during the middle of the sixth century. His nickname means "of the strong arms", suggesting he was a strong and valiant hero. He is remembered as the founder of the royal dynasty of Gwent, though this would date him too early. Unless there are two heroes of the same name, the genealogies that show him as the father of Eudaf "Hen" (see OCTAVIUS) are almost certainly in error, as this would place him acentury or two earlier (see CARADOCUS of Geoffrey's "History"). No historical facts of Caradoc's life remain, though we can imagine he was a noted warrior, probalby involved in the fight against the Saxon invaders. It is interesting to speculate on the similarity of names between Caradoc and CERDIC, the chief of the Gewisse, claimed as the ancestor of the West Saxons. Ergyng was known as the territory of the Gewisse, and it is just possible that Cerdic and Caradoc may have been one and the same. Cerdic/Caradoc may have led an army of Saxon mercenaries to help fight against other Saxon marauders and as a consequence carved out his own kingdom in Wiltshire, not many miles from Ergyng, his homeland. In Welsh legend Caradoc is shown as a contemporary of ARTHUR. His wife, Gurguint, was the sister of CADOR of Cornwall.

Known as: Vreichfas⁸⁹

Reign: 550, Ruler of Ergyng and Gwent⁹⁰

Child is listed above under (39) Caradoc Ap Gwrgan.

46.  ERP¹⁷ AP CERETIC (CERETIC¹⁶ AP CYNLOYP, CYNLOYP¹⁵ AP CINHIL, CINHIL¹⁴ AP CLUIM, CLUIM¹³ AP CURSALEM, CURSALEM¹² AP FER, FER¹¹ AP CONFER, CONFER¹⁰ AP CUNEDD, CUNEDD⁹, COEL⁸ AP CADFAN, GWLADYS⁷ VERCH LUCIUS, LUCIUS⁶ AP COEL, COEL⁵ AP MARIUS, MARIUS⁴ AP ARVIRAGUS, ARVIRAGUS³ AP CUNOBELIN, CUNOBELIN² AP TASCIOVANUS, TASCIOVANUS¹)⁹¹ died Unknown.  He married (1) VERCH ANIEL⁹¹, daughter of ANIEL and VERCH ERP.  She died Unknown.  He married (2) <UNNAMED>⁹¹.  She died Unknown.

Notes for ERP AP CERETIC:

[Mike Ashley, The Mammoth Book of British Kings & Queens,  (Carroll and Graf Publishers, New York, 1998), pg. 186.]

[FB2a] ERBIN Strathclyde, fl 470s-80s.
Erb or Erbin is alluded to as one of the sons of CERETIC. He almost certainly shared the kingdom with his brother CINUIT, but nothing is recorded of his reign. He may be the same as Erp who was the father of the Pictich king NECHTAN MAC ERP. Since he is also recorded as the father of GERAINT it is possible that there has been some confusion between these rulers and those of Dumnonia.

Reign: Bet. 470 - 480, Ruler of Strathclyde, and probably inherited Alclud and Galloway⁹²

Children of ERP AP CERETIC and VERCH ANIEL are:

48.              i.    VERCH ERP¹⁸, d. Unknown.

                  ii.    NECHTAN MAC ERP⁹³, d. Unknown.

Notes for NECHTAN MAC ERP:

[Mike Ashley, The Mammoth Book of British Kings & Queens,  (Carroll and Graf Publishers, New York, 1998), pg. 170.]

[FA3] NECHTAN "MORBET" Picts, 457-68.
Nechtan is the name of three kings of the Picts. The original Nechtan was a river god from Celtic legend and the name seems to have been applied to kings with strong maritime associations. This is reinforced by the epithet of the first king called Nechtan, styled "Morbet", meaning the "speckled sea", and it is likely that he was heavily involved with the invasion forces of the Saxons and Angles. It was during Nechtan's reign that the British brought over Saxon mercenaries to help in their battle against the Picts and a number of these forces were based on the coast of north-east Britain around the Firth of Forth. The Picts probably conducted many sea raids on the Saxons and British across both the Forth and Clyde. Nechtan is also associated in some lists with having founded the church at Abernethy, but this was more likely the work of the second NECHTAN who ruled a century after. Nechtan is recorded as the son of Erp, which causes confusion with the second Nechtan who was the son (or grandson) of another Erp or Irb.

Reign: Bet. 457 - 468, Ruler of the Picts⁹⁴

Child of ERP AP CERETIC and <UNNAMED> is:

49.            iii.    GERAINT¹⁸ AP ERP, d. Unknown.

Generation No. 18

47.  PEREDUR¹⁸ AP CADOR (CADOR¹⁷ AP GERAINT, GERAINT¹⁶ AP ERBIN, ERBIN¹⁵ AP CONSTANTINE, CONSTANTINE¹⁴ AP TUDVAWL, TUDVAWL¹³ AP GWRWAWR, GWRWAWR¹² AP GADEON, GADEON¹¹ AP CYNAN, CYNAN¹⁰ AP EUDAF, EUDAF⁹, COEL⁸ AP CADFAN, GWLADYS⁷ VERCH LUCIUS, LUCIUS⁶ AP COEL, COEL⁵ AP MARIUS, MARIUS⁴ AP ARVIRAGUS, ARVIRAGUS³ AP CUNOBELIN, CUNOBELIN² AP TASCIOVANUS, TASCIOVANUS¹)⁹⁵ died Unknown.

Notes for PEREDUR AP CADOR:

[Mike Ashley, The Mammoth Book of British Kings & Queens,  (Carroll and Graf Publishers, New York, 1998), pg. 118.]

[DC16] PEREDUR Dumnonia, fl 600s.
Peredur's name appears amongst the genealogies of the Dumnonian king-list as the son of CADOR and the father of TEWDWR. It is interesting that he is a virtual contemporary of PEREDUR of York, which does raise a question of possible duplication by the chroniclers. Geoffrey of Monmouth refers to a Peredur son of Peredur who attended ARTHUR's court, and elsewhere he refers to Cador defeating the Saxon Badulf at York. All this is suggestive of confused genealogies.

Reign: 600, Ruler of Dumnonia⁹⁶

Child of PEREDUR AP CADOR is:

50.              i.    TEWDWR¹⁹ AP PEREDUR, d. Unknown.

48.  VERCH ERP¹⁸ (ERP¹⁷ AP CERETIC, CERETIC¹⁶ AP CYNLOYP, CYNLOYP¹⁵ AP CINHIL, CINHIL¹⁴ AP CLUIM, CLUIM¹³ AP CURSALEM, CURSALEM¹² AP FER, FER¹¹ AP CONFER, CONFER¹⁰ AP CUNEDD, CUNEDD⁹, COEL⁸ AP CADFAN, GWLADYS⁷ VERCH LUCIUS, LUCIUS⁶ AP COEL, COEL⁵ AP MARIUS, MARIUS⁴ AP ARVIRAGUS, ARVIRAGUS³ AP CUNOBELIN, CUNOBELIN² AP TASCIOVANUS, TASCIOVANUS¹)⁹⁷ died Unknown.