Chemical Applications in the Community

A. INQUIRY SKILLS

Students will design and conduct scientific investigations Identify questions that can be answered through scientific investigations Use appropriate tools, technology, and techniques to gather, analyze, and interpret data Organize and maintain a journal showing all phases of investigations Develop descriptions, explanations, predictions, and models using evidence and logic Use mathematics to explain, interpret, and improve investigations and communications Construct logical relationships between evidence and explanations Identify and analyze alternative explanations, models, and predictions Demonstrate understanding about scientific inquiry Use fair test procedures
Students will communicate scientific procedures and explanations Demonstrate effective methods to organize and display scientific concepts Present investigative procedures and results to others verbally, graphically, and in writing Communicate science concepts accurately and clearly, using scientific vocabulary

B. PHYSICAL SCIENCE CONCEPTS

Students will understand the structure of atoms Identify and compare the parts of an atom Describe the properties of an atom in terms of its constituent parts Explain how half-life and radioactive decay is used to estimate age
Students will understand the structure and properties of matter Describe how electrons govern chemical properties Determine chemical and physical properties using the number of electrons and protons Use the patterns and trends found in the periodic table to make predictions about chemical and physical properties Relate the physical properties of elements and compounds to specific interactions among ions, atoms, and molecules Compare states of matter (examples: solids, liquids, gases, and plasma) Investigate the variables affecting the states of matter Relate properties and behavior of carbon compounds to molecular structure Differentiate between the four major classes of organic compounds
Students will explain the conservation of energy and the increase in disorder Demonstrate energy conservation in chemical reactions Evaluate the use of alternate forms of energy Describe how chemical reactions release and consume energy
Students will understand the interactions of energy and matter Differentiate between heat and temperature Associate electromagnetic waves to the transfer of energy Compare the properties and conditions of materials that behave as conductors and insulators Provide examples of chemical reactions from everyday life Explain the concept of acids and bases, moles, equilibrium, kinetics and bonding
Students will compare forms of energy found in the Earth Describe how humans use the different forms of energy found in the Earth Determine how local and global chemical usage effect environmental change
Students will investigate geochemical cycles Explain the carbon, nitrogen, and water cycles

C. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

Students will demonstrate abilities of technological design Design and build a conceptual or physical model of technology related to chemistry Determine the effectiveness of the solution Communicate the nature of the problem investigated, processes used, and solutions
Students will investigate science and technology in local, national, and global challenges with reference to advances in chemistry Summarize how new technologies extend scientific knowledge and scientific knowledge influences the development of new technologies (examples: computers, spectrometry) Evaluate the impact and trade-offs of new technologies in chemistry

D. SCIENCE IN PERSONAL AND SOCIAL PERSPECTIVES

Students will practice safety and personal health Model appropriate laboratory techniques, procedures, and behaviors Use standard laboratory techniques to evaluate the relative abundance of beneficial and harmful chemicals in foods and drugs
Students will participate in conserving natural resources Examine how chemical resources are used and misused in the environment Compare renewable and non-renewable resources (example: production of plastics and oils from petroleum versus plant products) Demonstrate the value of reducing, recycling, and reusing resources
Students will describe factors that influence environmental quality Evaluate factors influencing environmental quality (examples: resource use, over consumption, capacity of technology to solve problems, acid rain, greenhouse effect, photochemical smog, fossil fuels, and hydrocarbons)
Students will understand the dangers associated with human-induced hazards Relate storage and disposal of hazardous wastes to the protection of the environment Evaluate how human activities enhance the potential for hazards (examples: pesticide/herbicide/fertilizer use, fossil fuels, erosion, sedimentation, and soil waste)

E. HISTORY AND NATURE OF SCIENCE

Students will understand that science is a human endeavor Evaluate examples of contemporary science projects that are conducted by individual scientists as well as by teams of scientists Examine the ethical considerations of scientific research and the application of technologies (examples: proliferation of chemical weaponry, public transportation, and air pollution) Practice peer review and the accurate reporting of investigations Investigate science careers in chemistry
Students will understand that science offers tentative explanations of the natural world through the use of observations Compare knowledge derived from scientific investigations with other ways of knowing about the natural world (examples: myths and superstitions) Validate that all scientific knowledge is subject to change as new evidence becomes available
Students will determine that science builds on previous knowledge   Investigate the contributions of diverse cultures to chemistry Create a timeline to illustrate the historic development of a science concept (examples: development of plastics, polyester, atomic energy)