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When two segments have the same length, they are said to be congruent segments.
If AB = AC
Is read: “ The measure of segment AB is equal to the measure of segment AC”
           __      __
then AB@ AC
Is read: “ Segment AB is congruent to segment AC”
 

You can also compare the measure of segments. For example you can say:

AB < BC  or BC > AC

 

Do modeling activity on page 36: Locating the midpoint of a segment

MIDPOINTS  AND SEGMENT CONGRUENCE

 

The midpoint of a segment is the point equidistant from the endpoints of the segment. 

 

Definition  of Midpoint: The midpoint M of PQ is the point between P and Q such that PM=MQ
 
v On the number line, the coordinates of the midpoint of a segment whose endpoints have coordinates a and b is    a+b
                                       2
v In a coordinate plane, the coordinates of the midpoint of a segment whose endpoints have coordinates (x1, y1) and (x2, y2) are (x1+x2, y1+y2 )
                                                            2             2
Example

a) Use the number line to find the coordinates of the midpoint of FG 

b) Find  the coordinates of Q, the midpoint of RS, if the endpoints of RS are R (-3,-4) and S (5,7).

 

 

Example 2: p. 38 (Students do then I explain)
v Find the coordinates of point Q if L(4,-6) is the midpoint of NQ and the coordinates of N are (8,-9)

 

 

 

v If Y is the midpoint of XZ, XY = 2a + 11, and YZ = 4a –5, find the value of a and the the measure of XZ
 

Segment bisector: is a segment line or plane that intersects a segment at its midpoint.

      ___   ___                                                      ___
M, TM, RM and plane N are all bisectors of PQ
                                                                                                   __          ___    ___
(Theorem 1-1) Midpoint theorem: If M is the midpoint of AB then AM = MB 
                                                                                         
v
Proof of theorem 1-1:      __                                                        __    __
vGiven that M is the midpoint of AB, write a paragraph proof to show that AM = MB.
A proof: is a logical argument in which each statement you make is backed up by a statement that is accepted as true.
Paragraph proof or informal proof: a paragraph that explains why a conjecture for a given situation is true.
Conjecture: is an educated guess.
 

Paragraph proof of theorem 1-1

From the definition of midpoint of a segment, we know that AM = MB.
                              ___        ___
That means that AM and MB have the same measures
 By the definition of congruence,

   ___       ___

if AM and MB have the same measure, they are congruent segments.

            ___    ___

Thus, AM @ MB