THESE "Articles" refer to the Irish Natives, who were to be admitted
to be Freeholders: 1. "They shall have Estates in Fee-Farm." 2. "They shall
pay the yearly Rent of two pounds, thirteen shillings four pence for every
Portion of a thousand Acres, and so rateably for greater Proportion, which
is after the rate of thirteen shillings and four pence for every sixty
Acres, or thereabouts, and they shall pay no rent for the first year."*
3. "For their Tenures, they shall hold as the other Undertakers respectively,
according to their Portions, with a Proviso of forfeiture of their estates,
if they enter into actual rebellion. 4. "They shall inhabit their Lands,
and build their Castles, Houses, Bawnes, within two years, as the former
Undertakers." 5. "They shall make certain estates (or Leases) for Years,
or for Lives, to their Under-Tenants, and they shall take no Irish exactions."*2
6. "They shall use Tillage and Husbandry after the manner of the English
Pale."*3
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* First Year: The few native undertakers do not appear to have made
any objection to the payment of a so much larger rent than had been laid
on the others; but they complained at being obliged to commence paying
so soon, to erect their buildings in so short a time, and to relinquish
their long-cherished and much-loved custom of creaghting (or "living by
cattle").
*2 lrish Exactions: Like the Land System of the Hebrews, the Gaelic System, which obtained among the Gaels in Ireland, down to the seventeenth century, allotted a portion of land to each head of a family, for the sustenance of himself and those dependent on him; and each head of a family rendered towards the maintenance and dignity of the Chief of the Clan certain duties or "chief-rents," which were not, however, identical with the word rent, as now understood between landlord and tenant; for the Irish Chieftain was not the owner of the land, he was merely the head and protector of his Clan. The "exactions" above mentioned were, A.D. 1613, abolished in Ireland, in the reign of King James I., by the Parliament then held in Dublin, by the Lord Deputy, Sir Arthur Chichester.
*3 English Pale: This meant that the Irish who were to be admitted
as Freeholders in the Ulster Plantation, were to turn their attention in
a greater degree to cropping the lands, abandoning their own system of
almost universal grazing and creaghting.
=======================================================
IV. GENERAL PROPOSITIONS.
THESE "Propositions" were to be notified to the Undertakers of all
sorts:
1. "There shall be Commissioners appointed for the setting forth
of the several Proportions; and for the ordering and setting of the Plantation,
according to such instructions as shall be given unto them by his Majesty
in that behalf."
2. "That all the said Undertakers shall by themselves, or by such
as the States of England or Ireland shall allow of, attend the said Commissioners
in Ireland, at or before Midsummer next, to receive such Directions touching
their Plantations as shall be thought fit."'
3. "That every Undertaker, before the ensealing of his Letters Patent,
shall enter into Bond and Recognizance, with good Sureties, to his Majesty's
use, in the Office of his Majesty's Chief Remembrancer, in England or Ireland;
or in his Majesty's Exchequer, or Chancery, in Scotland or else before
two of the Commissioners to be appointed for the Plantation, to perform
the aforesaid Articles, according to their Several Distinctions, of Building,
Planting, Residence, Alienation within five years, and making of certain
estates (or leases) to their Tenants in this manner viz.; the Undertaker
of the greatest Proportion to become bound in four hundred Pounds; of the
middle Proportion, in three hundred Polinds; and of the least Proportion,
in two hundred Pounds."
4. "That in every of the said Counties there shall be a convenient
number of Market Towns and Corporations erected for the Habitation and
settling of Tradesmen and Artificers; and that there shall be one free
School, at least, appointed in every County for the education of youth
in Learning and Religion."
5. "That there shall be a convenient number of Parishes and Parish
Churches with sufficient Incumbents, in every County; and that the Parishioners
shall pay ail their Tithes in kind to the Incumbents of the said Parish
Churches.-- See Harris's 'Hibernica', pp. 123-130.
Of the 'Ulster Plantation' Hill says: "The undertakers would have
neither act nor part in the plantation if required to hold their lands
by oppressive feudal tenure of Knight's service, and they were consequently
released therefrom; but the benefit which they thus secured for themselves
they were obliged to share with their tenants, by letting their lands on
the most liberal terms-- some in fee-farm, some by long leases, and none
for shorter terms than twenty-one years. . . . The division and allotment
of the lands, therefore, were not made merely that the undertakers, who
had been generally needy men, should become wealthy at the expense of their
tenants; nor were the latter brought here (to Ireland) to live simply as
feudal serfs, reclaiming the soil in which they had no permanent right
or interest. On the contrary, all these Conditions and Articles imply a
mutual interest between the undertakers and the settlers on their estates,
and are now of extreme importance as explanatory of the scope and purpose
of the grants then made by the Crown."
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GRANTS AND GRANTEES.
EVERY undertaker's lands were erected, by the terms of his grant,
into a Manor, with certain manorial rights and privileges; including at
first the power of establishing Courts Baron, and of enclosing a certain
number of acres as a demesne, according to the size, in each case of the
proportion held by the undertaker. In this instance, the term demesne (from
the Latin de mainsione) properly denotes that part of the estate attached
to the Mansion, where the proprietor remains or resides. Other privileges
were soon afterwards added, the most useful of which was that of appointing
fairs and markets in all places where these institutions were required.
The several grants only recite the names of the leading divisions of land
in each proportion or estate. Each of those divisions, however, included
several smaller parcels, which more correctly represent the numbers of
our present townlands. The following were the Precincts or Baronies set
apart, under the "Ulster Plantation" for--
----------------------------------
1. ENGLISH UNDERTAKERS ONLY.
1.-- PRECINCT or BARONY of O'NEILAN, Co. ARMAGH
1. Rev. Richard Rolleston.
7. William Brownlowe, gent.,
2. Francis Sacheverell, Esq.
(son. of John above-mentioned)
3. John Brownlowe.*
8. William Stanhowe.
4. Rev. James Matchett.
9. John Heron, gent.
5. William Powell, Esq.
10. Sir Anthony Cope, Knight.
6. John Dillon, Esq.
---------------------------------------------
* Brownlowe: This name was then also spelled Brownlow, Bromloe,
and Bromley (more lately Bramley).
2.-- PRECINCT of CLOGHER, Co. TYRONE
1. Sir Thomas Ridgewaie, Knt.
6. William Parsons, Esq., of the
2. John Leigh, gent.
city of Dublin.
3. Walter Edney, Esq.
7. William Turvin.
4. Thos. Edney, Esq. (brother of 3.)
8. Edward Kingswell, Esq.
5. George Ridgeway, gent.
3.-- PRECINCT of OMES, CO. TYRONE
1. William Glegge, gent,
5. Sir Ferdinand Tuchet, Knt.
2. George Tuchet
6. Edward Blunte, Esq.
3. Lord Audley
7. Sir John Davys, Knt.
4. Sir Marvin Tuchet, Knt.
4.-- PRECINCT of LIFFER (now LIFFORD), in the BARONY of
RAPHOE, Co. DONEGAL
1. Henry Clare
6. Sir Thomas Cornewall, Knt.
2. William Willson
7. Sir Thos. Remyngton, Knt.
3. Edward Russell, Esq.
8. Sir Maurice Barkeley, Knt.
4. Sir William Barnes, Knt. 9. Sir
Thos. Coach, Knt.
5. Captain Ralph Mansfield
5.-- PRECINCT of CLANCALLY (now CLANKELLY), CO. FERMANAGH
1. Sir Hugh Wirrall, Knt. 4.
John Sedborough, Esq.
2. Robert Bogas, Esq.
5. Thos. Flowerdewe, Esq.
3. Robert Calvert, gent.
6.-- PRECINCT of LURG and COOLMAKERNAN, (now the baronies of COOLE
and LURG) CO. FERMANAGH
1. Thomas Flowerdewe, Esq.
5. Edward Warde, gent .
2. Thomas Blenerhassett, Esq.
6. Thomas Barton, Esq.
3. Sir Edward Blenerhasset, Knt. 7. Henry Honynge
or Hennings, Esq.
4. John Archdale, Esq.
7.-- PRECINCT of LOUGHTEE, Co. CAVAN
1. Sir Richard Waldron, Knt.
4. Sir Nicholas Lusher, Knt.
2. John Fishe, Esq.
5. Sir Hugh Wyrrall, Knt.
3, Sir Stephen Butler, Knt.
6. John Tailor, gent.
End of the English Undertakers
-------------------------------------
II. SCOTCH UNDERTAKERS
THE following were the Precincts or Baronies set apart for the Scottish
Undertakers, only:
1.-- PRECINCT of THE FEWES, Co. ARMAGH
1. Sir James Douglasse (or Douglas), Knt. 4. William
Lawder, gent.
2. Henry Acheson, gent.
5. Claude Hamilton, gent.
3. Sir James Craig, Knt.
2.-- PREClNCT of MOUNTJOY (or a part of the BARONY of
DUNGANNON), CO. TYRONE
1. Andrew Stewart, Lord Ochiltree. 4. Geo.
Crayford (or Crawford),
2. Robert Stewart, gent.
Laird of Locnories.
3. Sir Robt. Hepburne, Knt.
5. Bernard Lindsey.
6. Robert Lindsey.
3.-- PRECINCT of STRABANE, Co. TYRONE
1. James Hamilton, Earl of Abercorn. 5. Sir George Hamilton,
Knt.
2. Sir Claude Hamilton, Knt.
6. Sir John Dromond (or Drummond),
3. James Clapen (or Claphame), gent. Knt.
4. Sir Thomas Boyd, Knt.
7. James Haig, gent
8. George Hamilton, gent.
4.-- PRECINCT of PORTLOUGH (or a part of the BARONY OF RAPHOE)
Co. DONEGAL
1. The Duke of Lennox.
6. James Cunyngham, Laird of Glangarnocke.
2. Sir Walter Stewart, Knt.,
7. Cuthbert Cuningham
Laird of Minto
8. James Cuningham, Esq.
3. Alexander McAula, of Durlin, gent. 9. John Stewart,
Esq.
4. John Cuningham, of Crafield (or Crawfield).
5. William Stewart, Laird of Dunduff.
5.-- PRECINCT of BOYLAGH, Co. DONEGAL
1. Sir Robert Maclellan, Laird of
5. James McCullock (or M'Culloch),
Bomby.
gent.
2. George Murraye, Laird of Broughton 6. Alexander Dunbar,
gent.
3. William Stewart, Esq.
7. Patrick Vans, of Libragh, gent.
4. Sir Patrick Mackee, of Laerg, Knt.
8. Alexander Coningham, of Powton,
gent.
6.-- PRECINCT of KNOCKNINNY, Co. FERMANAGH
1. Michael Balfoure (or Balfour),
4. Thomas Monepeny (or
Lord Burley.
Moneypenny, Laird of
2. Michael Balfoure, his son.
Kinkell.
3. Sir John Wishart (or Wiseheart),
5. James Trayle, Esq.
Knt., Laird Pettaro.
6. George Smelhome (or Smailholme).
7.-- PRECINCT of MAGHERABOY, Co. FERMANAGH
1. Sir John Home (or Hume), Knt.
4. Jerome Lindsey, Esq.
2. Robert Hamilton
5. William Fowler, Esq
3. James Gibb.
6. Alexander Home.
7. John Dunbarr, Esq.
8.-- PRECINCT of TULLOCHONCO (now TULLYHUNCO), Co. CAVAN
1. Sir Alexander Hamilton, of
4. John Achmootie (brother of
Endervicke, in Scotland, Knt.
said Alexander
2. Sir Claude Hamilton (his son), 5. John Browne, of
Gorgeemill, gent.
Knt.
3. Alexander Achmootie (or Achmouty).
9.-- PRECINCT of CLANCHY (now CLANKEE), Co. CAVAN
1. Esme Stuart, Lord Aubigny (son of Esme Stewart, the first Duke
of Lennox)
2. William Bailie, Esq.
3. John Raleston, Esq.
4. William Downbarr.
End of Scottish Undertakers.
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