Substitutions

• 1 cup whole milk = 1/2 cup evaporated milk + 1/2 cup water
• 1 cup sour milk = 1 cup sweet milk and 1 T. lemon juice or vinegar
• 1 cup sweet milk = 1 cup buttermilk = 1/2 t. baking soda
• 1 (1 oz.) square unsweetened chocolate = 3 T. cocoa + 1/2 T. shortening
• 1 T. cornstarch = 2 T. flour (for thickening)
• 1 T. flour = 1/2 to 2/3 T. cornstarch (for thickening)
• 1 cup sifted cake flour = 1 cup minus 2 T. sifted all-purpose flour
• 1 cup sifted all-purpose flour = 1 cup plus 2 T. sifted cake flour
• 1 whole egg = 2 egg yolk + 1 T. water
• 1 cup molasses = 1 cup honey
• 1 cup honey = 3/4 cup sugar and 1/4 cup liquid
• 1 c. granulated sugar = 1 1/3 cup brown sugar
• 1 t. baking powder = 1/4 t. baking soda + 1/2 t. cream of tartar
• 1 lb. cornmeal is 3 cups
• 1 lb. cornstarch is 3 cups
• 1 lemon rind is 1 Tbsp. grated
• 3-4 medium oranges = 1 cup
• 1 orange rind = 2 Tbsp. grated
• 23 soda crackers = 1 cup crumbs
• 15 graham crackers = 1 cup crumbs