The Synonymous Words Used for "Sin", "Wickedness", "Evil", "Ungodliness", "Disobedience", "Transgression", etc.
This Is Appendix 128 From The Companion Bible.
SIN.
The Verb.
hamartano = to miss the mark of aim; then, to miss or wander from the right path; to go, or do wrong.
The Noun.
- harmartia = a failing to hit the mark; aberration from prescribed law (connected with and resulting from the above). In New Testament always in a moral sense = a sin, whether by omission or commission, in thought, word or deed. Also used in connection with the sin-offering (Hebrews 10:
6, 8, 18; 13:11, as in Psalm 40:6, compare Leviticus 5:8).
- harmartema = the actual sin. The evil principle in action; the sinful act or deed.
- paratoma = a falling aside, when one should have stood upright. Hence (morally) a fall, a falling aside, from truth and equity; a fault, or trespass.
In Romans 5:12, Number 1 entered the world. The disobedience of Adam (verses 15,17,18) was Number 3, and the law entered that Number 3 which before was error, might become criminal in the knowledge of the sinner. After this, where Number 1 abounded, grace did much more abound.
WICKEDNESS.
- poneria = depravity; iniquity, the wicked acting of the evil nature. See Number III. 1. below.
- kakia = depravity, the vicious disposition and desires, rather than the active exercise of them, which is Number 1 (poneria).
EVIL (Adj. and Noun).
- poneros = full of labours and pains in working mischief; evil intent (Matthew 12:
39. Luke 11:29); grudging, in connection with the idea expressed in the "evil eye" (Matthew 6:23; 20:15. See the context, and compare Luke 11:13).
- kakos = depraved, bad in nature. Compare Number II. 2.
- anomos = lawless, contempt of law.
- anomia = lawlessness.
- athesmos = breaking through all restraints of ordinances of institutes, divine or human to gratify one's lusts. Occurs only in
2 Peter 2:7; 3:17.
UNGODLINESS.
- asebeia = impiety, absence of "the fear of God", having no reverence for sacred things; irreligious. Septuagint for pasha'. Appendix 44. ix.
DISOBEDIENCE, ETC.
- apeitheia = unwillingness to be persuaded, leading to obstinacy.
- parakoe = unwillingness to hear, disobedient.
TRANSGRESS, TRANSGRESSOR.
- parabaino = to step on one side, overstep, go aside from, violate, transgress.
- parerchomai = to go past, pass by, neglect.
- parabates, = one who steps aside, or oversteps.
INIQUITY.
- adikia = unrighteousness, wrongdoing.
- adikema = a wrong done.
- paranomia = acting contrary to law or custom. Occ. only in
2 Peter 2:16.
ERR, ERROR.
- planao = to cause to wander or go astray; used of doctrinal error and religious deceit. Compare planos (
1 Timothy 4:1, "seducing").
- apoplanao. = Number 1 with apo = away from, prefixed (Appendix 104. iv). In Pass., to go astray from, swerve. Occ. only in Mark 13:
22 and 1 Timothy 6:10.
- astocheo = to deviate from. Occ. only in
1 Timothy 1:6; 6:21. 2 Timothy 2:18.
FAULT.
- hettema = a diminishing of that which should have been rendered in full measure; diminution, decrease. Occ. in Romans 11:12 and 1 Corinthians 6:7.
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