Niflheim is one of the Nine Realms. Hel is a region of Niflheim that serves as the home of the dead who are neither honored nor dishonored. Thousands of years ago, Odin banished his daughter Hela from Asgard and imprisoned her in Hel after she attempted to take over Asgard.
Hela later attempted to escape from Hel, prompting Odin to send the Valkyries to stop her. She successfully overpowered the Valkyries and, with the exception of their leader Brunhilde, executing them in cold blood, but before she could escape, Odin personally entered Hel and defeated and send her back to her prison.
Hel was among the worlds labeled by Erik Selvig on his chalkboard mapping the Nine Realms. Loki also promised Algrim he would see him in Hel following their final confrontation. Hel was visible among other realms during the Convergence during the Battle of Greenwich.
After the death of Odin, his power over Hela's imprisonment waned until there was no force keeping her at bay. She stepped out of a portal-like gateway soon after, musing that she would have liked to see her father die.
Inhabitants:
Hela