DAGON
Real Name: Enlil (Enlil is his Sumerian name; Dagon is his Phoenician name)
Occupation: God of storm and thunder, god
of the north wind, tutelary god of the Philistines, former chieftain of the
Mesopotamian gods
Legal Status: Exiled citizen of Sumer and Celestial Dilmun
Identity: The general populace of Earth
is unaware of the existence of Enlil except as a figure of mythological origin.
Other Aliases: Baal-Dagon, Ellil (Babylonian
name), El (Phoenician name), Kumarbis (Hurrian Name), Taru/Tarhunt (Hittite
names), Latipan (Semitic name), Pabilsag ("wild bull with multi-colored
legs"), Father of the Gods
Place of Birth: Ur, Sumeria (now part of modern Iraq)
Marital Status: Separated
Known Relatives:
Anu (father),
Gaea
(mother, alias Asherah), Mami,
Eriskegal
(aunts),
Ea
(uncle, alias Enki), Ninlil (half-sister/former wife);
Baal-Hadad,
Ninurta,
Martu
(brothers),
Nergal,
Kinyras (half-brothers),
Inanna,
Ningal, Zarpandit, Gatumgug, Gula (half-sisters),
Shamash/Utu,
Nanna/Sin
(sons by Ninlil),
Ullikummis
(son by Upelluri),
Namtar/Mot,
Shachar, Shalim (sons by Gaea),
Marduk
(cousin), Anshar (grandfather, alias An, possibly deceased), Kishar (grandmother, alias Ki,
possibly deceased),
Group Affiliation: The
Gods of Mesopotamia
Base of Operations: Kurnugi, formerly Ashdod, Philistia
(now part of modern Palestine), formerly Ur, Sumeria (now part of modern Iraq)
First Appearance: (name) Conan the Barbarian I #59 (physical),
Pantheons of the Megaverse by C.J. Carella
History: Enlil is the son of Anu, the ruler
of a race of extra-dimensional beings known as the Anunnaki who were worshipped
as gods in Ancient Mesopotamia, and his wife, Asherah, who may have been Gaea,
the primeval mother-goddess, or another goddess altogether. Anu and Asherah had
four sons, Enlil, Hadad, Ninurta and Martu, who became gods of weather
and controlled the four cardinal points of Earth, respectively, North, East,
South and West, several daughters, most notably Inanna, who became Ishtar, one
of the most important goddesses in the Sumerian pantheon. (In some myths,
Ninurta and Hadad are considered sons of Enlil, and as Baal, Hadad is considered
the father of Enlil. It is possible that the importance and relevance of certain
gods were possibly altered as per their importance in different tribes or
cities, creating this often contradictory family tree, but this isn't
confirmed.)
Bestowed with
strength and stamina above any of their fellow Mesopotamian gods.
Enlil and his brothers often battled and defended mortals from
threats and entities from other dimensions. Enlil also had an insatiable sexual
appetite and sired many children from goddesses he considered as his wives as
well as from mortal women. One of his lovers was Ninlil, the reed-goddess, who
sired the moon-god, Nanna, and the sun-god, Shamash. As punishment for this
rape, Enlil was sentenced to the underworld as punishment, and Nanna and Shamash
had to
share their godhood, each of them taking turns one at a time to live in
Celestial Dilmun, the home of the gods. Many of the mortal sons of Enlil became Kings of
Sumer while his more divine children became gods. Enlil as such became known
as “Father of the Gods.”
Despite being gods, Enlil and the Anunnaki
were subservient to Tiamat, the great sea-mother, who may or may not have been
Gaea, patron goddess of the Earth. Enlil lived on earth toiling alongside mortal
men and reportedly dug out the beds of the rivers of the Tigris and the
Euphrates or at least widened them near the ancient city of Ur. He eventually
rebelled at this task and asked the goddess Mami to have mortals carry on the
work. (Later myths claimed that Mami created mankind from mud of the earth to
serve mortals, but this is obviously erroneous.) Eventually, mankind became so
numerous and made so much noise that Enlil believed he had made a mistake to
allow them to have a destiny. He decided to wipe them out by sending a plague,
but Ea, the sea-god, his uncle and mentor, promised he could get mankind to
settle down by offering sacrifices to the gods.
Enlil appreciated the sacrifices and
enjoyed the catering to his ego, but eventually mankind began neglecting their
worship and began getting loud again. Enlil decided to hold back rain and allow
the drought to take as many mortals as possible, but Ea approached him again and
reminded him that mankind would worship him again if he sent rain. It wasn't
long before mortals tempted Enlil's patience again and he threatened the earth
with famine. Ea came again to temper his patience, but this time, Anu allowed
Enlil to amass such storms that he managed to flood the earth. Ea, meanwhile,
had located an honorable man named Ziusudra (later known as Utnapishtim) and
instructed them on how to survive the flood by creating an ark to ride it out.
Utnapishtim loaded his family and all the clean animals into the ark to survive.
After seven days of torrential rain, Utnapishtim and his family eventually
landed safely upon the top of Mount Nisir (now known as modern Ararat). As the
waters receded, he made a sacrifice to the sun god Shamash,
son of Enlil.
Upset that one man and his family escaped
his wrath, Enlil decided to strike him down, but Ea calmed him again and made
Utnapishtim immortal to save face in front of the gods. Now realizing the
rashness of the decisions of himself and Enlil, Anu allowed Utnapishtim to live
on earth. Utnapishtim and his family started repopulating the earth with new
respect to the gods. (These events with some distortion of the facts and
motivations involved was later recorded by the Hebrews in the Book of Genesis.) However, Enlil's ego escalated to the point that he
considered his father's choice to be a sign of weakness and he overthrew his
father as ruler of the gods. Anu departed Earth for another dimension, which
became known as Celestial Dilmun (named for Dilmun, now modern Bahrain) and
cursed Enlil to have three miserable sons for his disobedience. Anu later
welcomed most of the gods loyal to himself into Celestial Dilmun.
On Earth, Enlil took the name Dagon
from the ancient Hyborian god with that name in order to attract more worshippers. He
also seized the worship rights of Ea, the water-god, who was known to the
Phoenicians as El and raped the goddess, Asherah,
or Gaea in her
role as Ninhursag, and had three sons, but as per Anu's curse, his three sons,
Namtar, Shachar and Shalim became gods of death, plague and pestilence, and he
exiled them to the underworld.
As Dagon, Enlil was opposed by his brother
Hadad,
who supported Anu as ruler of the gods. Hadad was endowed with weapons from Ea
and overthrew Dagon as ruler of the Sumerian gods. Dagon was forced out of
Sumer, but while in exile, he called up Upelluri, the sea-goddess, calling her from the sea by beating upon a rock at
seashore. The two of them had a gigantic son named Ullikummis who towered over
all the gods and helped him to overthrow Hadad, now known as Baal. (Later myths
claimed that Ullikummis was born from the rock at which Dagon chipped.). Fleeing
for Ea's realm, Baal returned with weapons enchanted to slay even Ullikummis.
Severing the ankles of Dagon's giant son, Baal overthrew Dagon and became king
of the gods once more. However, as the reign of the Sumerian gods came to an
end, Baal departed Earth for the last time and was replaced with Marduk,
son of Ea, who became patron god to the Babylonian Empire.
Dagon’s activities over the next few
years are unrevealed. He had less influence and power on his mortal followers
under the Babylonian and Assyrian Empires. He seized power of the ancient land
of Kur to rule after his exile, possibly relocating to a division of Allatum,
the Mesopotamian underworld, after the Anunnaki departed Earth. The Early Jewish
Church erroneously denounced all the Mesopotamian gods as demons in the face of
their own scriptures. Since departing Earth, Anu had resumed his role as ruler
of the gods from the realm of Celestial Dilmun as a home for the Mesopotamian
gods who departed Earth. In Ancient Babylon, the Annunaki who still retained
their worship rights were known as the Igigi,
while the gods bound to earth and the underworld remained as the Anunnaki. In
rewriting the old Sumerian stories into their texts, the early Hebrews might have
assigned angelic roles to the former gods as members of the Elohim (archangels)
in order to mask their original forms.
By time the Greeks and Romans invaded
Phoenicia and Canaan, bringing worship of their Olympian
gods with them, Dagon had fewer and fewer worshippers and backed those
Anunnaki hostile to the Olympian gods. Because of his power over rain, Dagon was
worshipped as a god of corn and fertility to some extent by the Canaanites and
by the Philistines, but his prominence never increased back to the level it was
during the Sumerian Empire. Around 1000 BC, the Hebrew hero Samson destroyed a
Philistine temple to Dagon by turning over two pillars.
Despite no longer being considered a god
in the mortal realm, Dagon still retains much of his powers, but his presence on
earth has almost been forgotten. Several beings calling themselves Dagon have
appeared to mortals over the years, but whether any of these are the real Dagon
or his Hyborian Age counterpart is unrevealed. His current activities are unknown.
Height: 6'5"
Weight: 425 lbs.
Eyes: Blue
Hair: Black
Strength Level: Dagon possesses superhuman strength approaching that of
Thor
who has Class 100 level strength and can lift (press) over 100 tons under
optimal conditions.
Known Superhuman Powers: Dagon possesses the
conventional physical attributes of the Mesopotamian gods. Like all of the
Annunaki, he is extremely long-lived (but not immortal like the Olympian gods).
He has not aged since reaching adulthood and cannot die by any conventional
means. He is immune to all Earthly diseases and is resistant to conventional
injury. If he were somehow wounded, his godly life force would enable her to
recover with superhuman speed. It would take an injury of such magnitude that it
dispersed a major portion of his bodily molecules to cause him a physical death.
Even then, it might be possible for a god such as Anu, Ea or for a number of
Mesopotamian gods working together to revive him. Dagon also possesses
superhuman strength and his Annunaki metabolism provides him with far greater
than human endurance in all physical activities. (Annunaki flesh and bone is
about three times as dense as similar human tissue, contributing to the
superhuman strength and weight of the Mesopotamian Gods.)
Dagon has several abilities similar to
magic in which he can mystically command and control elemental energies such as
storm, wind, thunder and lightning. He can create hurricane-scale conditions at
will and manipulate the wind to carry him aloft and control lightning strikes
with pinpoint accuracy. He can summon rainstorms of varying size ranging from a
moderate gale to a full tsunami. He can also control storms created by other
means and create cataclysms on a planet wide scale such as when he flooded
Mesopotamia in ancient times.
Dagon is also physically stronger, faster
and invulnerable to injury than the majority of the Mesopotamian gods with the
possible exception of Ninurta, Hadad and Martu. He is virtually tireless and his
stamina allows him to perform at top levels without tiring.
Limitations: Dagon seems inexplicably
vulnerable to objects of potential positive mystical energy such a symbols of
the Hebrew and Christian faiths. During the reign of King David of Israel, an
idol of Dagon worshipped by the Philistines was toppled by simply having the
Ark of the Covenant placed next to it. Whether this is any indication of Dagon
having degenerated into a demonic form or of another demonic being having
usurped his worship is unrevealed.
Comments: Dagon (Enlil) has yet to appear in
the Marvel Universe; he has not been seen in the DC Universe. In the DC
Universe, he was impersonated by Dagon, a member of the Oan race.
Dagon's family tree is based on a
combination of the Hurrian/Hittite and Sumerian family trees for the Anunnaki.
In the Marvel Universe, there
has been a number of beings identified as Dagon. Among them, there is Dagon,
son of Baal, a god of death for the Ancient Kushite tribes of the Hyborian Age,
who took the goddess Derketa as his mate. He was represented by a crystal stolen
from the Kush and returned to them by the warrior-woman, Belit. Belit and Conan
the Barbarian later encountered statues of Dagon and Belit in the Temple of a
Thousand Gods. There was also Dagon, a demonic entity worshipped by the
Deep Ones cult who wished to return all life to the sea, slaying all life on
Earth in order to assimilate it back to the sea. The cult sacrificed to fish
demons presiding in the ocean. Robert E. Howard, the creator of Conan, probably
did not intend for any of his creations to be the same as the mythological gods
of Mesopotamian myth.
Dagon’s depiction as a fish-god
originated when his worship merged with that of El, known to the Sumerians as
Ea
(Enki), the god of the sea. Ea was often depicted as a fish-god under the
name Oannes, but after their rituals were merged. Dagon lost more of his
original thunder-god attributes and was transformed into a water-god toward the
end of his worship, almost entirely usurping all traces of worship to Ea as El.
There is some confusion in the broken
texts of the Mesopotamian hieroglyphics regarding the relationships of Dagon
(Enlil) to Baal-Hadad, Martu, Ninurta and Anu, especially where it concerns
their multiple aliases, conflicting importance in different religions and the
various translations and possible misinformation over thousands of years. Dagon
(Enlil) is quite often called the son of Baal (Hadad), while Enlil (Dagon) is
often called the father of Hadad (Baal). In Hittite and Hurrian myth, they are
referred to as brothers. In addition, Ninurta, the god of storm, is often called
protector of the south wind and his brother
Martu,
protector of the west wind. If Baal-Hadad and Dagon-Enlil represent east and
north, it would render them all sons of Anu, god of sky and heaven. In truth,
their relationships to each other tend to vary by story and translation
depending on the importance of the character involved. For that matter, the
identity of their mother varies just as much as their relationships.
Ninhursag,
Ki (Kishar), Astarte and other goddesses are often named.
Asherah,
the female counterpart of Anu, is typically Queen of the Mesopotamian Gods,
superseding all the other mother-goddesses.
For that matter, Asherah barely has any
role in the myths besides that as mother of the goddess known as Ishtar, taken
by the Greeks and worshipped as
Aphrodite.
In Greek mythology, the goddess Dione was the mother of Aphrodite; she was
pretty much the female form of Zeus just as Asherah was a female form of Anu.
Neither Dione/Asherah or Aphrodite/Ishtar have a definite strong connection to
the family trees of their perspective pantheons, but Hesiod in his Theogony
goes one better by identifying Dione as one of the Titans. (Apollodorus later
presumed Dione to even possibly be one of the Oceanides, who included Metis,
mother of Athena,
and Pleione, grandmother of
Hermes).
In modern texts, it is presumed that Asherah could be another name of
Gaea,
also identified as Ninhursag, but this is a much more modern translation. Given
Gaea’s possible animosity to the Anunnaki as Tiamat, this scenario appears
contradictory amidst myths and stories that are already contradictory.
The Sumerians are considered the oldest of
all human empires, although even the Egyptians just as ancient. The Sumerians
were overthrown by the Babylonians and then by the Assyrians. There was then an
interim as several races kept preventing each other from developing an empire as
great as the previous rules. This includes the Hittites, Hurrians, Canaanites,
Phoenicians and Philistines. The Greeks and the resulting Roman Empire
subjugated them all and made the region part of what later became the Byzantine
Empire, later conquered by the Turks as part of the Ottoman Empire and now known
as Iraq.
Clarifications: Dagon probably should not be confused with:
-
Dagan,
ancient Hyborian serpent, @ Savage Sword of Conan
#176
-
Dagan, member
of the extraterrestrial Oan race, @ JLA: Gatekeeper #2
-
The
Dagda, the Dozen King, Chief of the Celtic Gods, @ Thor I #398
-
Dagon,
Hyborian god of death, husband of Derketo I, father of Baal I @ Conan the
Barbarian #59
-
Dagon,
denizen of the Microverse, a creation of Baron Karza, @ Micronauts I #26
-
Dagoth the Dark One,
an agent of Shuma Gorath, @ Marvel Premiere #7
Last updated: 03/10/16
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