In chapters 5.3.4, 5.3.5 and
5.3.6 the gravitational interaction between objects, as well as the mass distribution
and gravitational field inside objects have been dealt with, from the viewpoint of the spaceflow theory. The principal feature
the presented work is based on, appears to be the interface area, that creates the border between gravitational
fields. Inside the object's interface area the spacetime structure is governed by the open gravitational field of the
respective object (manifesting itself inside this interface area by the primary space density), since there are no another
objects close (or big) enough to create higher space density in this space. Together with the spacetime structure governed
by the object in its own interface area however, they do exist there also the hidden gravitational fields of the other
objects, with their own configurations of the space density (lower then the primary space density). The objects occuring
inside this interface area are subjected to the influence of its space (spacetime) density, they are connected with (and also
created by) this primary space density. The reason of course, lies in the lowest gravitational potential, the gravitational
field of the governing object offers (see chapter chapter 5.3.2.3).
Numbers of the existing objects (like piece of the rock on Earth surface) do not have their interface area. It does no mean that
they are without gravitational field. Their mass lies in the volume created by the space density of the other(governing) object.
The gravitational acceleration of such objects really exist, however it does not depend on the mass of the object only, but also
on the magnitude of the forced primary space density. The higher the forced primary space density, the lower becomes
the gravitational acceleration of the gravitational field of such object. We can easily derive the condition for the existence
of the interface area of the spherical object :
(559)
where
stands for the universal constant,
stands for the gravitational constant,
m
stands for the mass of the object and,
r
the radius (in units of the chose frame) assigned to the mass m
stands for the space density of the primary spacetime structure
Defining the average mass density as:
(560)
we can derive from the equation (559) the following condition for the existence of the interface area (or, for the existence
of the open gravitational field):
(561)
Taking into consideration the equation (561), we can tell, that in the space close to Earth surface (where space density of the
primary spacetime structure = 1), the spherical objects only of the average mass density higher than 5496,5 kg/m3 have their own open gravitational field (have their own interface area). The heavy objects, (e.g. ferrous) have their own
open gravitational field, while the light objects (e.g. aluminic) are characterized by hidden gravitational field in a space close to
Earth surface.
The determination whether the object has its own open gravitational field or not, might be interesting from many points of view.
For the topic, we are dealing with, it plays role in the way how to calculate its gravitational acceleration. The derived equation
(558) confirms that the theory is in correspondence with the experiment, since this formula
was verified many times by scientists in experiments in order to measure the gravitational constant.
There is also another significant consequence of the existence of the hidden gravitational fields. The condition defining the uprise
of the hidden gravitational field is based on comparison of the two values of the space density : the value originated by object
itself, and the value "offered" by the other object. Taking into consideration the fact, that the distances of the cosmic bodies
are varying in certain limits, and another fact, that the "offered" space density is inversely proportional to the distance of the
other object foom the respective place, we must admit, that
the attractive force between the cosmic objects becomes dependent not only on the distance between them, but also
on the change of the space density due to change of the distance, in these layers of the objects in which the gravitational
field has become hidden and that,
the change of the object's layer from the open to the hidden state (and vice versa) is apparently the feedback process,
and therefore it might give rise to oscillations of the gravitational acceleration (hence on Earth to the earquake) inside the object.
We came to the conclusion that the relativistic mass increase of the cosmic object due to the motion of the object's mass
with respect to the spacetime structure (space flow) may be ignored, except of the case of the cosmic objects created of
a very high mass density (like the neutron stars). Quite new mechanism of the relativistic mass increase has been derived in
the work, based on the increase of the space density inside the mass particles. This phenomenon is set in case only, when
the other mass object comes very close to the mass particle, causes the change of the zone inside the mass particle to the
"hidden" zone, and replaces the space density of the hidden zone by the higher space density. Such physical action of course,
can be done by another mass particle only, because the mass particle is the only object, which (its centre of gravity) is able
to be close enough to another mass particle. The physics of the atomic nucleus or of the mass particles is off the point of this
work, we understand however, that the mass increas of the mass particles due to their close vicinity is very similar
to the well known mass increase of the nucleons in the atomic nucleus, and that, the sudden positive change of the mass
of the interacting mass particles apparently can play significant role in nuclear forces.
Another important feature the work is based on, is the space density, that is directly proportional th the one third
power of the mass and, inversely proportional to the radius above the respective mass. The differential of the mass therefore
becomes directly proportional not only to the mass density and to the differential of the volume, but also directly proportional
to the third power of the space density. This new approache leads to the consequence, that (theoretically) any object, defined by
the total mass and the outer radius, can be created of the mass of any mass density. Note : In fact the stability of the object depends also on another parameters, like the temperature, pressure and
others.
The presented results of the mass, the average mass density and, the space density, for the objects made of mass of the
constant frame intrinsic mass density, are the following :
At the frame intrinsic mass density of 5496,5 kg/m3 :
the mass becomes directly proportional to the third power of the radius,
the average mass density and the space density stay constant,
At the frame intrinsic mass density lower than 5496,5 kg/m3 :
the mass is directly proportional to the power < 3 of the radius,
the average mass density and the space density become increasing with the decreasing radius,
At the frame intrinsic mass density higher than 5496,5 kg/m3 :
the mass is directly proportional to the power > 3 of the radius,
the average mass density and the space density become decreasing with the decreasing radius.
The results of the calculation of the mass distribution of the object consisting of the several layers of the different frame
intrinsic mass density are similar to the case above. In all layers the character of the curves described above stays the same.
The disclosure of the fact that inside the layers of the mass density higher than 5496,5 kg/m3 the space
density goes down with the decreasing radius is very remarkable from the viewpoint of the mutual influence of all material
objects, as mentioned above.
Finding that the object may be created of the mass of any mass density is an inspiring disclosure, since it explains how the
high average mass density in the centre of the object can be created without the iron, lead, or other heavy elements, and
besides it explains how the high average mass density can be created in any layer of the object's volume or, how to create the
centre of the object almost empty.
The gravitational acceleration inside the gravitational body is directly proportional to the ((2k/3)-1)power of the radius, where
Thus we can derive:
Inside the layer of the mass of the frame intrinsic mass density lower than 2748,2 kg/m3 :
gravitational acceleration increases with the decreasing radius,
Inside the layer of the mass of the frame intrinsic mass density = 2748,2 kg/m3 :
gravitational acceleration stays constant,
Inside the layer of the mass of the frame intrinsic mass density higher than 2748,2 kg/m3 :
gravitational acceleration decreases with the decreasing radius,
Inside the layer of the mass of the frame intrinsic mass density = 5496,5 kg/m3 :
gravitational acceleration is directly proportional to the radius.
On the end let us go through an example, explaining very simply the spaceflow theory. In the solar corona the scientists
many times detected the incredibly high height, to which the material of corona had been fired. This feature can be easily
explained by the difference between the space density on the surface of Sun and the space density on the surface of Earth
(defined = 1). Applying the equations defining the parameters of the gravitational field, we can write for the space density on
the surface of Sun :
(562)
where
the mass of Sun,
the radius of Sun
and, we receive :
(563)
It means, that if the material from Sun's surface is thrown up to the height 1 km (measured by local Sun's surface
meter), we will have to measure this height from Earth surface (measured by Earth surface meter) as