*A-r- “earth”
PMA ira/ila “earth” Sanskrit IENH 419: *?[a|ë]r- “earth” Proto-Nostratic > *?er- “earth, ground” Proto-IndoEuropean *?[a|ë]r- “earth, land” Proto-AfroAsiatic *ere “clay, soil” Proto-Dravidian SIG, IESSG, VISW *Á-r- Pre-IndoEuropean-Semitic é:ra-ze: “onto the ground” Greek ero “earth” Old High German yor-wi- m. “sand, gravel” Old Norse extended with -g- erkir “earth” Armenian extended with -t- co-art “landowner” Old Irish es-ert “a landless man” Old Irish *er-þa:- “earth” Common Germanic airþa “earth” Gothic erda “earth” Old High German jorð “earth” Old Norse extended with -G^.- or -D.- *Á-r-G^.- Proto-AfroAsiatic or *Á-r-D.- Proto-AfroAsiatic 'ard.un f. “earth, ground” Arabic 'aryå “earth” Syrian '-r-s “earth, (piece of) land” Phoenician 'ærs. “earth, (piece of) land” Hebrew '&raz “earth, (piece of) land” Aramaic 'arza: “earth, (piece of) land” Jewish Aramaic 'arzå: “earth, (piece of) land” Syrian ers.itu f. “earth, (piece of) land” Assyrian EIEC *H1er- “earth” Proto-IndoEuropean jorð “earth” Old Norse eorðe “ground” Old English earth English erda “earth” Old High German ero (< *era) “earth” Old High German airþa “earth” Gothic (Germanic < *erta:) erti “earth” Greek HSED 54: *´aric^.- “earth” *´ars^.- “earth” Semitic ers.etu “earth” Akkadian ´ars. “earth” Ugaritic ´rs. “earth” Phoenician ´rs. “earth” Punic ´rs. “earth” Moabite ´eres. “earth” Hebrew ´rq “earth” Aramaic (Emp) ´r` “earth” Aramaic (Nab) ´r` “earth” Aramaic (Palm) ´&ra` “earth” Aramaic (Palestine) ´&ra` “earth” Aramaic (Syrian) arqa, arda “earth” Aramaic (Mand) ´ard. “earth” Arabic ´rd. “earth” South Arabic ´erd. “earth” Jibbali *HVric^.- “earth” West Chadic ris^.a “earth” Paa hi:s^.e “earth” Cagu r&s^.u “earth” Siri ris^.i “earth” Mburku metathesis of vowels *´irac^.- “valley” East Chadic ´iraadya “valley” Bidiya May be connected with *´irVs^- “farm” Highland East Cushitic irs^a “farm” Sidamo *´aris- “till, plough” Agaw ares-&ng “till, plough” Aungi PMA ara-ea- “red earth” Tahiti ala- “red earth” Hawai'i ala-alai- “earth, clay” Hawai'i Back