Chemical Bonding
Chapter 6 Notes
Introduction to Chemical Bonding
Section 6.1
Chemical Bond
- a link between atoms that results from the mutual attraction of their nuclei for e-Types of Chemical Bonds:
1. Metallic Bond - forms between 2 metals
2. Ionic Bond - results from the attraction between positive and negative ions (metal + nonmetal)
one atom has lost electrons (+)
one atom has gained electrons(-)
3. Covalent Bond - results from the sharing of e- b/w 2 atoms (nonmetal + metal)
H Ÿ + HŸ ---> H:H
Types of Covalent Bonds:
A.
Non-polar Covalent Bond - the e- are shared equally by the atoms resulting in a balanced distribution of electrical charge.ex: H , O
B. Polar covalent bond
- the e- are unequally attracted by the atoms resulting in an uneven distribution of charge. Part of the molecule will be + and part-ex: H O H H
O
Determine whether a bond is ionic or covalent?
See figure 5.19 p.153
1. Subtract the electronegativity of one atom from the electronegativity of the other atom.
CS + F (4.0 - 0.7) = 3.3
2. Refer to the % ionic character on p.162
3. So... Cs + F - ionic bond
What About Polarity?
Non-polar covalent bonds
- (e-) are shared equally because 2 atoms have the same electronegativity.
Polar Covalent Bonds
- (e-) spend more of their time around one atom.