1. As a result of the digestive process, protein, fat, and starch are absorbed into the body.
2. Two enzymes involved in the digestion of proteins are
a. salivary amylase and lipase
b. trypsin and hydrochloric acid
c. pancreatic amylase and bile
d. pepsin and trypsin
3. Bile
a. is an important enzyme for the digestion of fats
b. is made by the gall bladder
c. contains products from hemoglobin breakdown
d. emulsifies fats
e. c and d
4. HCl
a. is an enzyme
b. creates the acidic conditions necessary for pepsin to work
c. is found in the intestinal tract
d. all of these
5. Pancreatic juice is directly regulated by
a. the presence of food in the intestine
b. the sight of food
c. the thought of food
d. secretin
6. The products of digestion enter the
a. aorta
b. hepatic portal vein
c. vena cava
d. pancreas
7. Which of these is not a function of the liver?
a. to produce bile
b. to store glucose
c. to produce urea
d. to make red blood cells
8. The large intestine
a. digests all types of foods
b. is the longest part of the intestinal tract
c. absorbs water
d. is connected to the stomach
WITHOUT ANSWERS
Open the following link as a new window to view the answer key for the following test questions: ANSWER KEY
Self Test - Digestion
1. Which of the following is NOT a function of the digestive system?
a. ingest food
b. digest food to small molecules
c. absorb nutrient molecules
d. eliminate non-digestible wastes
e. transport nutrients to other organs
2. Why is digestion of food important
a. to allow the liver to produce bile for digestion
b. to allow the pancreas to release digestive enzymes
c. to allow small molecules to cross cell membranes and be absorbed by the tract lining
d. to allow large molecules to cross cell membranes and be absorbed by the tract lining
e. to allow the meat that is eaten to nourish our body
3. Strictly speaking, ____ refers to the breakdown of food by enzymatic action.
a. ingestion
b. digestion
c. excretion
d. metabolism
e. mastication
4. Which of the following statements is NOT correct?
a. Digestion only takes place within the digestive tract.
b. The digestive tract begins with the mouth and ends with the anus.
c. Digestion of food in humans is a process that occurs inside of cells.
d. Digestive enzymes are secreted into the tract by glands located either in the tract or nearby.
e. Food is never found within accessory glands, only within the tract itself.
5. True or False. Taste is largely due to stimulation of receptors in the nose.
6. Which of the following sequences does NOT trace the path of food through the digestive tract correctly?
a. mouth, esophagus, stomach
b. esophagus, stomach, duodenum
c. stomach, large intestine, small intestine
d. stomach, duodenum, large intestine
e. ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon
7. ____ are chisel-shaped teeth used for biting.
a. Incisors
b. Canines
c. Premolars
d. Molars
e. Wisdom teeth
8. Which of the following comparisons is NOT correct?
a. stomach--food storage and grinding
b. esophagus--food conduction
c. pharynx--side route to the lungs
d. small intestine--food processing
e. large intestine--water and salt processing
9. Which of the following comparisons is NOT correct?
a. bolus--food mixed with saliva in the mouth
b. chyme--food mixed with gastric secretions leaving the stomach
c. gastric juice--secretions from intestinal glands
d. feces-nondigestible remains, bile, and bacteria
e. peristalsis--rhythmic contractions to move food
10. True or False. Sphincters are muscles that encircle tubes and act as valves.
11. Which of the following hormones will cause the stomach to churn and increase secretory activity of the gastric glands
a. GIP
b. gastrin
c. secretin
d. CCK
e. insulin
12. Which of the following hormones is/are produced by cells of the duodenal wall?
a. gastrin alone
b. GIP alone
c. secretin alone
d. CCK alone
e. secretin and CCK
13. True or False. If hydrochloric acid penetrates the mucus on the stomach wall, autodigestion of the wall begins, and an ulcer results.
14. Which of the following substances will cause the release of secretin from the duodenal wall?
a. carbohydrates
b. fats
c. partially digested protein
d. hydrochloric acid in chyme
e. sodium hydroxide in chyme
15. Which sphincter allows chyme to enter the small intestine?
a. esophageal sphincter
b. pyloric sphincter
c. anal sphincter
d. lacteal
e. ileocecal valve
16. Which organ will secrete sodium bicarbonate to neutralize the acidity of chyme in the small intestine?
a. pancreas
b. gallbladder
c. duodenum
d. esophagus
e. stomach
17. Where are the brush-border enzymes found?
a. villi
b. microvilli
c. columnar epithelial cells
d. goblet cells
e. lacteal
18. True or False. All end products of lipid, protein, and carbohydrate digestion enter the blood capillaries of the villi.
19. Which of the following statements is NOT correct?
a. Microvilli increase the surface area of the small intestine for absorption of nutrients.
b. Enzymes located on the brush-border finish the digestion of chyme.
c. Absorption is an active process in the small intestine.
d. Sugars and amino acids cross columnar epithelial cells to enter the lacteal.
e. Fat components rejoin in epithelial cells and are packaged as lipoprotein droplets, which enter the lacteals.
20. Which of the following organs will contain villi?
a. esophagus
b. stomach
c. small intestine
d. liver
e. pancreas
21. True or False. Most bacteria that live in the colon are facultative bacteria.
22. Which of the following organs is NOT part of the large intestine?
a. cecum
b. colon
c. rectum
d. anal canal
e. duodenum
23. Which of the following organs functions to absorb water, salts, and store nondigestible material?
a. esophagus
b. stomach
c. small intestine
d. large intestine
e. liver
24. Which of the following organs is considered an accessory organ of digestion?
a. liver
b. stomach
c. esophagus
d. ascending colon
e. rectum
25. Which of the following organs has both an endocrine and an exocrine function?
a. pancreas
b. liver
c. stomach
d. duodenum
e. esophagus
26. Which of the following organs produces bile?
a. gallbladder
b. liver
c. duodenum
d. stomach
e. large intestine
27. Which component in bile helps to emulsify fat in the duodenum?
a. bilirubin
b. biliverdin
c. bile salts
d. cholesterol
28. Which blood vessel will transport nutrient molecules that have been absorbed by the small intestine to the liver?
a. hepatic artery
b. hepatic vein
c. hepatic portal artery
d. hepatic portal vein
e. inferior vena cava
29. Which of the following organs functions to remove poisonous substances and works to keep the contents of blood constant?
a. esophagus
b. stomach
c. duodenum
d. pancreas
e. liver
30. True or False. Before amino acids can be converted to glucose molecules in the liver, deamination must take place.
31. Which of the following is NOT a function of the liver?
a. converts hemoglobin from red blood cells to bile pigments that are excreted along with bile salts in bile
b. detoxifies blood by removing poisonous substances
c. produces urea from the breakdown of amino acids
d. produces enzymes for digestion of food in the duodenum
e. makes plasma (blood) proteins from amino acids
32. Which of the following statements is NOT true about digestive enzymes?
a. Digestive enzymes are hydrolytic enzymes.
b. Digestive enzymes are carbohydrates that have a particular shape that fits their substrate.
c. Digestive enzymes have an optimum pH which maintains their shape.
d. Digestive enzymes speed up a chemical reaction.
e. Each digestive enzyme speeds up a specific reaction.
33. Which of the following organs will NOT produce any digestive enzymes?
a. salivary glands
b. stomach
c. esophagus
d. duodenum
e. pancreas
34. Which of the following enzymes will have an optimum pH that is acidic?
a. salivary amylase
b. pepsin
c. pancreatic amylase
d. trypsin
e. lipase
35. Which of the following statements is NOT correct about fat digestion?
a. Bile salts are needed to emulsify fat into fat droplets.
b. Lipase digests the fat droplets into glycerol and fatty acid molecules while removing water molecules.
c. Glycerol and fatty acids enter the cells of the villi.
d. Glycerol and fatty acids, after entering the cells of the villi, rejoin and are packaged as lipoprotein droplets.
e. Lipoprotein droplets, which are formed in the cells of the villi, enter the lacteals.
36. Which of the following enzymes is found on the mucosa of the intestinal villi?
a. amylase
b. trypsin
c. peptidase
d. lipase
e. pepsin
37. Which of the following enzymes is released from the gastric glands to break down proteins into peptides?
a. lipase
b. pancreatic amylase
c. trypsin
d. pepsin
e. peptidase
38. Which enzyme breaks down starch to maltose in the duodenum?
a. lipase
b. trypsin
c. maltase
d. salivary amylase
e. pancreatic amylase
39. Which of the following relationships is NOT correct?
(Enzyme / Produced by)
a. pepsin / gastric glands
b. maltase / pancreas
c. salivary amylase / salivary glands
d. trypsin / pancreas
e. peptidases / villi of small intestine
40. When starch is broken down by pancreatic amylase, ____ will be formed.
a. glycerol + fatty acids
b. amino acids
c. peptides
d. maltose
e. glucose
41. When peptides are broken down by peptidases, ____ will be formed.
a. amino acids
b. fatty acids and glycerol
c. glucose
d. proteins
e. maltose
42. Pepsinogen is converted to pepsin in the stomach when exposed to ____.
a. trypsin
b. hydrochloric acid
c. peptides
d. peptidases
e. lipase
43. Which of the following substances is NOT a product formed in the small
intestine?
a. glucose
b. maltose
c. amino acids
d. peptides
e. proteins
44. Which enzyme is missing in the small intestine if a person has lactose intolerance?
a. pancreatic amylase
b. dipeptidase
c. lipase
d. lactase
e. maltase
45. When fats are broken down by lipase, ____ will be formed.
a. amino acids
b. fatty acids and glycerol
c. glucose
d. proteins
e. maltose
46. Which of the following comparisons is NOT correct?
a. fats -- lipase
b. starch -- salivary amylase
c. maltose -- lactase
d. protein -- trypsin
e. peptides -- dipeptidases
47. Which of the following enzymes would NOT be used to break down spaghetti into its end products for absorption?
a. salivary amylase
b. pancreatic amylase
c. maltase
d. lipase
48. Five test tubes, listed below, were incubated at body temperature for one hour. Which of the following test tubes would have the appropriate environmental conditions for digestion to occur?
a. H2O + a small sliver of egg white (protein)
b. Pepsin + H2O + a small sliver of egg white
c. HCl + H2O + a small sliver of egg white
d. Pepsin + HCl + H2O + a small sliver of egg white
e. Pepsin + NaOH + H2O + a small sliver of egg white
49. Five test tubes, listed below, were incubated at body temperature for one hour. Which of the following test tubes would be considered the control?
a. H2O + a small sliver of egg white (protein)
b. Pepsin + H2O + a small sliver of egg white
c. HCl + H2O + a small sliver of egg white
d. Pepsin + HCl + H2O + a small sliver of egg white
e. Pepsin + NaOH + H2O + a small sliver of egg white