Phylum Chordata
A. Features: DHNC,
notochord, pharyngeal gill slits,
segmentation
(myotomes), endoskeleton, postanal tail.
B. Tunicates
C. Lancelets
D. Vertebrates (Subphylum Vertebrata)
1.
Characteristics: vertebral column, skull, groove
2. Classes:
Agnatha, Chondrichthyes, Osteichthyes, Amphibia, Reptilia, Mammalia
3.
C. Agnatha
a. Characteristics: ntc,
cartilage, parasitic
b. ex. lampreys, hagfish
c. larval form resembles lancelets
4. Compare to jawed fish/ developmental
origins of the jaw
5.
C. Chondrichthyes
a. Characteristics: feeding/
cartilage/ fins/ denticles
b. Specializations: sinuous/
pectoral fins/ respiration
6. C.
Osteichthyes
a. Characteristics: bone, swim
bladder, scales, lateral line.
7. C. Amphibia
a. first land vertebrates
b. diversity: salamanders/ frogs/
caecilians
c. specialized physiology: resp/
repro
8.
C. Reptilia
a. diversity: crocodiles/ turtles/
squamata
b. adaptations
c. development of the amniotic egg
E. Temperature
control in land animals
1. Reptiles, amphibians, & fish:
ectotherm
2. Birds & mammals: endotherms
3. C. Aves
a. adaptations: wngs, feathers,
hollow bones, efficient lungs
b. Archaeopteryx
4.
C. Mammalia
a. Natural history: 65 mya
b. Characteristics: hair,
4-chambered heart, milk leg position, specialized teeth
c. Diversity
1. Monotremes
2. Marsupials
3. Placentals
a. placenta develops
first
b. prebirth
development
c. diversity:
Insectivora, Primates, Rodentia, Carnivora,
Proboscidea, Cetacea, Sirenia, Lagomorpha
