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PRACTICAL EXAMINATION: CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM

Use textbook pages 679-681 to locate the gross anatomy features of the heart and pages 747 and 759 to locate major veins and arteries (location of certain blood vessels differ somewhat in the cat specimen--a handout will be provided to illustrate the differences)

Identify from a cow, and/or a sheep heart :

visceral pericardium (epicardium), myocardium, endocardium, right atrium, right auricle, left atrium, left auricle, right ventricle, left ventricle, superior vena cava, pulmonary trunk, pulmonary veins, bracheocephalic artery, trabeculae carnae, tricuspid valve, interventricular septum, aortic semilunar valve, inferior vena cava, pulmonary arteries, aorta, pectinate muscles, papillary muscles, bicuspid (mitral) valve, chordae tendonae, pulmonary semilunar valve, fossa ovalis, coronary arteries.

Identify the following from a dissected cat specimen:    

VEINS:   superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, right and left bracheocephalic, right and left subclavian, external jugular, great saphenous vein, cephalic vein, common iliac, external and internal iliacw, renal, hepatic, hepatic portal

ARTERIES:  left and right common carotid, ascending and descending aorta, bracheocephalic, left and right subclavian, renal, common iliac, external and internal iliacs, common hepatic.

 

PRACTICAL ON THE NERVOUS SYSTEM WILL INCLUDE ANATOMY AND FUNCTIONS OF THE FOLLOWING PARTS OF THE BRAIN AND SPINAL CORD -----Practical exam scheduled for Feb9th-group1(Monday lab) and Feb 12th-group2(Thursday lab)

(SOME FEATURES MAY HAVE TO BE DELETED IF NOT LOCATED)

The Brain:

cerebrum

cerebellum

midbrain or mesencephalon, pons, medulla oblongata(brain stem)

diencephalon (thalamus and hypothalamus)

superior and inferior colliculi(corpora quadrigemina)

left and right cerebral hemispheres

gyri

sulci

longitudinal cerebral fissure

central sulcus(fissure of Rolando)

precentral gyrus postcentral gyrus frontal lobe

parietal lobe

temporal lobe

occipital lobe

motor association area (premotor cortex)

prefrontal cortex

primary motor cortex

primary somatosensory cortex

gustatory cortex

auditory cortex

auditory association area

somatosensory association area

visual cortex

visual association area speech center

categorical hemisphere

representational hemisphere

pineal body

pituitary gland mamillary body

meninges hippocampus

lateral ventricles(1st and 2nd) 3rd ventricle

4th ventricle

choroid plexus

corpus callosum

optic chiasm

arbor vitae

Cranial Nerves:

olfactory nerve, optic nerve,trigeminal nerve, oculomoter nerve, trochlear nerve, abducens nerve

Spinal Cord:

cervical and lumbar enlargements

posterior median sulcus

anterior median fissure

conus medullaris, cauda equina

Also included on the practical on the nervous system will be questions on identity and function of the following from a cat specimen concerning the lymphatic system and immunity:

spleen, thymus, lymph nodes, lymphatic ducts. 

 

PRACTICAL EXAMINATION ON GENERAL ANATOMY OF THE BODY SYSTEMS: IDENTIFY THE FOLLOWING STRUCTURES AND RELATED FUNCTIONS IN EACH SYSTEM  FROM THE CAT, HEART, OR BRAIN SPECIMEN ---QUESTIONS WILL ALSO INCLUDE EXTRANEOUS LABS COMPLETED DURING THE STUDY OF BIO 142

Endocrine System: thyroid gland, adrenal gland, thymus, pancreas,ovaries, testis, heart, kidney, stomach, small and large intestines.

Lymphatic System: thymus, spleen, lymph nodes, tonsils.

Urinary System: kidney, ureter, urinary bladder, urethra, cortex, medulla, renal pyramids, renal pelvis, major calyx, minor calyx, renal capsule, renal fascia, real papilla, renal sinus, adipose capsule, parietal peritoneum.

Reproductive System: male-penis, scrotum,testis; female-ovaries fallopian tube, uterus.

Respiratory System: larynx, thyroid cartilage, epiglottis, glottis, vocal cords, false vocal cords, cricoid cartilage, trachea, tracheal cartilage, bronchi, lungs, cardiac notch, external nares, internal nares, diaphragm, external and internal intercostal muscles.

Digestive System: buccal (oral cavity), vistibule, hard palate, soft palate, tongue, lingual frenulum, circumvallate papillae, gingivae, labia (lips), palatine tonsils, uvula, entrance to eustachian tubes, pharynx, esophagus, salivary glands (parotid, sublingual,submaxillary), teeth: molars(1st, 2nd, and 3rd), bicuspids, incisors (central and lateral), stomach (cardia,fundus,body, phlorus, rugae, pyloric sphincter), small intestine(duodenum, jejenum, ileum), large intestine (ceacum,ileoceacal valve, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid  colon), rectum, anus, pancreas, liver, gall bladder.