Days: Box 1 Box 2 Box 3 Box 4 Box 5 Box 6 Box 7 Box 8
Day 1: The Scientific Method
Day 2: Observation and Inferences
Day 3: Qualitative vs. Quantitative
Day 4: Graphing
Day 5: Metric System For some practice with the metric ruler please Click Here
Day 6: Using science tools...The Thermometer For some practice with the thermometer please Click Here
Day 7: Using science tools...The Graduated Cylinder For some practice with the thermometer please Click Here Not all scales will go up by one. Click Here for some practice figuring out different scales.
Day 8: Using science tools... The Triple Beam Balance
Day 9: Density
Day10: Scienctific Notation
We all have funny little ways to help us to remember steps or orders of things. The scientific method was always a tricky one to remember. Try this little saying:
Oh! Ryan Had Eaten Raw Clams.
The steps are as follows:
Objective- the problem
Research- look for information to help answer the problem
Hypothesis- possible answer to the problem
Experiment- perform tests
Record Data- write down results
Conclusion- the answer
When scientists perform experiments they always have two groups that they test. The reason for the two groups is to make the experiment valid. They have a tested group and a control group. A control is a factor that is not being tested. The control should remain the same through out the experiment. A variable is what you are testing. When performing experiments it is best to only change one variable at a time.If you experiment with more than one variable, you will not know what actually caused the change in your results. For example, if a company wanted to test a new pain reliever they would give one group the pain reliever and another group a sugar pill. The group with the sugar pill is the control. The group with the new pain reliever is the test group or the variable.
There are two types of variables:Independent Variable and Dependent Variable. The independent variable is what you change in the experiment. The dependent variable is the result of the experiment. If we go back to the pain reliever the sugar pill is still the control and the new pain reliever is the independent variable. The people whose pain disappeared after taking the pain reliever are the result of the experiment or the dependent variable.
Everyday we look around us. . An observation is something known from being seen or experienced directly. Based on these observations we make inferences. An inference is something we assume based on what we observed. An inference may not always be correct. Lets make some observations and inferences based on this image.
Skies
People
Trees
Hill
Shadows on the Snow
Tracks in the Snow
Winter
Sunny
Many People Traveled these Hills
The sun is setting
Many of these inferences could be true but we are not exactly sure unless we are there to experience things directly.
Try these samples
Quantitative measurement is a measurement made with a tool using standard units. While a Qualitative observation is identifying an object by like or kind. Some examples are below:
Little
Hot
Green
Rough
2 liters of soda
5 Kilometers
100 grams
100 degrees Celsius
Steps for making a graph.
Types of Graphs:
Circle- Compare how one part relates to the whole.
Bar- Compare measurements or quanties.
Line- Compare two or more sets of data. Showing a trend or pattern. Also showing a change over time.
The metric system has three main units:
Meter- Distance
Liter- Volume
Gram- Mass
Each of these main units is used in conjunction with the prefixes below. Use this little saying to help you remember these prefixes: King Henry Died Monday Drinking Chocolate Milk.
Kilo- 1000
Hecto- 100
Deca- 10
Main unit- 1
deci- .1
centi- .01
milli- .001
For example:
1 Kilometer is equal to 1000 meters.
1 centimeter is equal to .01 meters.
10 grams is equal to 1 Decagram
Always remember that 10 millimeters is equal to 1 centimeter.
You should be able to take measurements with a metric ruler, graduated cylinder, and a triple beam balance. When taking measurements with a metric ruler, the numbers in the ruler represent centimeters. There are 100 centimeters in 1 meter. Each little line in between the centimeter is called a millimeter. There are 10 millimeters in 1 centimeter and 1000millimeters in 1 meter.
You have all used a thermometer at some point of time, maybe when you were not feeling so well. We will be measuring temperature using the Celsius scale. Temperature is the average motion of particles. We measure heat as energy that makes particles move. So the average of all this motion is what we call temperature.
You will be responsible for the following temperature scales:
of Water
of Water
The Graduated Cylinder is used to measure volume of liquids or irregularly shaped solids. When reading a graduated cylinder you will read the bottom of the curved line. This curved line is called the meniscus. The unit used is the mililiter.
Finally, a triple beam balance is read by adding up the total of all the masses. Use the following steps when using a triple beam balance.
Density is the relationship between mass and volume. This can be stated simply: Density is how much stuff you have compared to how much space it takes up. For us here on Long Island we can view density by looking at New York City. NYC is filled with MANY people. NYC is more densely packed than Long Island. Especially out east by all of the farms. The formula for density is mass divided by volume. This formula can be placed in the triangle below.
Did you miss a homework ditto on 10/5? Click here
Scienctific notation is a type of shorthand to write very large or vewry small numbers. Writing out a number like 4350000000000 can be written like this instead: 4.35 x 1012. A very small number like 0.0000000000000000000000017 can be written like this:1.7 × 10-24.
Scientific notation is written as a number between 1 and 10 multiplied by a specific power of 10. A power of 10 is 10 multiplied by itself a certain number of times. For example, 10 × 10 × 10 is 10 to the third power, or 103. The number 3 in this notation is an exponent and indicates the number of times 10 should be multiplied by itself. Writing numbers in scientific notation allows scientists to leave out a number of zeros while still retaining some indication that the zeros exist. The number 71,000, for example, is the same as 7.1 multiplied by 10,000 (104) and is written 7.1 × 104 in scientific notation. Numbers smaller than 1 have negative exponents in scientific notation. The number 0.00523, for instance, is the same as 5.23 times 0.001 (10-3) and is written 5.23 × 10-3. 10-3 means 1 divided by (10 × 10 × 10).(Microsoft Encarta)
Practice some scienctific notation.
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