History of Slovakia - Stone Age and Bronze Age:
Contents:
to 8300: Paleolithic Age
8300 - 6000/5000: Mesolithic Period
6000/5000 - 2000: Neolithic and Aeneolithic Period
2000 - 750: Bronze Age
Paleolithic Age (around 25.000.000 - 8.300 B. C.)
25 millions - 15 millions B. C.: 7 (3?) Skeletons of the Pliopithecus in Bratislava
14 millions - 10 millions B. C. : Teeth of the Sivapithecus Darwiny (or Dryopithecus) in Bratislava.
600.000-300.000 B. C. (Mindel period) : Stone tools (Myjava Mountains, Bratislava), some of them contested.
450.000 and 300.000 B. C: Hand-axes and other stone tools of the Homo erectus (Oldowan culture) in Bratislava.
? B. C. : At Spišské podhradie – Dreveník: Skull of the Homo erectus (?), find lost after WWII.
700.000-200.000 B. C.: Clactonian cuture of (e. g. at Vyšné Ružbachy, Seňa, Čaňa, Nové Mesto nad Váhom-Mnešice). Most impotantly, at Nové Mesto nad Váhom – Mnešice stone tools (esp. Spears) of the Homo steinheimensis from
270.000 B. C.120.000-35.000 B. C. : Mousterian culture of the Neanderthal Man (e. g. At Bojnice (Prepoštská/Prévôt Cave), Beharovce, Bratislava, Hôrka-Ondrej, Gánovce, Komjatice, Kunov, Banka, Žiar nad Hronom, Radošina (Čertova Pec Cave), Poľov, Sobotište).
120.000 - 45.000 B. C: Micoquian culture culture of the Neanderthal Man.
120.000/100.000 B. C. : Near the village of Gánovce inside the famous Cranium Mold : A skull of the Neanderthal Man - the oldest (still existing) anthropologic finding in Slovakia.
65.000 B. C. : Skulls of the Neanderthal Man, actually one of a woman (Mousterian culture), at
aľa40.000 - 32.000 B. C. : Szeletian culture (mostly of the Homo sapiens sapiens) in western Slovakia (e. g. At Moravany nad
Váhom, Deravá skala Cave, Domica Cave, Kunovo, Sobotište). Moravany nad Váhom were the biggest known workshop for the production of Szeletien tools in Europe. A unique find is a cut of a lamprey on a rib from Veľký Polačín.38.000- 30.000 B. C. : Aurignacian culture culture in eastern Slovakia (e. g. At Tibava, Seňa, Jasovská Cave). Oldest finds of dwellings (at Košice-Barca).
30.000 - 19.000 B. C. : Gravettian culture (the so-called“Mammoth hunters”): Settlements in western and eastern Slovakia (e. g. At Nitra, Nemšová, Nové Mesto nad Váhom
, Vlčkovce, Moravany nad Váhom, Slaninova Cave, Trenčianske Bohuslavice, Cejkov, Kašov). The most famous art objects are the “Venus of Moravany (nad Váhom)”, the finds at the Slaninova Cave are the oldest Gravettian finds in Central Europe (27.000 B. C. ). Important objects are the oldest female statue made of mammoth bone (22.800 B. C.), and the “Idol of Cejkov”. Teeth of the Cro-Magnon Man were found in Silická Brezová and Plavecký Mikuláš. Numerous necklaces made of shells from Cypraca thermophile gastropods of the Tertiary Period (e. g. At Zákovská, Podkovice, Hubina, and Radošina) are the most ancient evidence of commercial exchanges carried out between the Mediterranean and Central Europe.19.000 - 10.000
B. C. : Epigravettian culture (e. g. at Nitra, Trenčianske Bohuslavice, Veľká Ves nad Ipľom).13.000 - 8800 B. C.: Magdalenian culture (e. g. at Aksamitka Cave), rare
8800 - 6800
B. C.: Świderian culture (e. g. Veľký Slavkov), rareMesolithic Period (8300 - 6000/5000 B. C)
7000 - 5500
B. C.: Sauveterrrian culture in western Slovakia (Sereď-Mačianske vŕšky, Tomášikovo, Dolná streda, Bratislava).? B. C. : Tardenoisian culture in eastern Slovakia: Most importantly, finds of arrow points at the “Bear Cave” near Ružín.
Neolithic Period (6000/5000 - 3300 B. C.) and Aeneolithic Period (3300-2000 B. C.)
5000 - 4300 B. C.: Linear Ceramics Culture in western Slovakia and northern central Slovakia.
Eastern Linear Ceramics Culture in eastern Slovakia and southern central Slovakia.
4300 - 3900 B. C. : Želiezovce cultural group in western Slovakia and northern central Slovakia. B
ükk culture in eastern Slovakia and southern central Slovakia.3900 - 2900 B. C.: Lengyel culture culture in western Slovakia.
3800 – 3700 B. C.: Tisza culture and Lengyel_culture in eastern Slovakia.
3700 - 2900 B. C.: Polgar culture in eastern Slovakia.
2900 - 2200 B. C.: Baden culture in whole Slovakia.
2200 - 2000
B. C.: Groups Kosihy-Čaka and Kostolac and Bošace in western Slovakia. Group Nyírseg-Zatín and the Eastern Slovak Barrow group in eastern Slovakia.Bronze Age (2000 - 750/700 B. C.)
2000 - 1900
B. C.: Bell Beakers culture and Chłopice-Veselé culture culture in western Slovakia. Group Nyírseg-Zatín and the Eastern Slovak Barrow group in eastern Slovakia.1900 - 1550
B. C. : Nitra culture, Wieselburg culture, Unětice culture, Hatvan culture and Northern Pannonian culture in western Slovakia. Hatvan culture in southern central Slovakia. Košťany culture in eastern Slovakia.1600 - 1450
B. C.: Maďarovce culture, Northern Pannonian Culture in western Slovakia. Ottoman culture (till 1400) in the remaining Slovakia.1450 - 1250 B. C. (Middle Bronze Age): Middle Danubian Barrow Culture and Carpathian Barrow Culture in western Slovakia. Pilis culture (till 1100) in eastern and southern central Slovakia and Suciu de Sus culture in eastern Slovakia (both belong to the Southeastern Urnfield cultures).
1300 - 500 B. C.: Lusatian culture in northern Slovakia, after 1000 B. C. also in southern Slovakia. This culture originated in Slovakia (an Urnfield culture).
1250 - 1200 B. C.: Migration of Peoples.
1250 - 1000 B. C.: Velatice culture and Čaka culture in western Slovakia (both belong to the Middle Danubian Urnfield cultures).
1100 - 700 B. C.: Kyjatice culture in southern central Slovakia. Gava culture culture in eastern Slovakia (both belong to the Southeastern Urnfield cultures). Podolie culture in western Slovakia (since 1000 B. C.).
8th century B. C.: Invasions of the Kimerians and other Asian tribes destroy the Bronze Age cultures.
