Pemmican:
The original energy bar?
Buffalo (and
other) meat could be preserved by drying. (Dried meat,
or
"jerky" is still a raw food. Today many scientists believe
that raw
red meat provides the most complete source of nutrients for the
human body.) This jerky could then be pounded into a powder and
mixed
with an equal amount of rendered tallow (fat) and, if possible,
berries
such as chokecherries or buffalo berries. This preparation is
called
pemmican. The nutritional composition of pemmican is very
close to human
breast milk. Like breast milk, eighty-five percent of it's
calories are
derived from fat. It is digested without use of intestinal
flora, and so
if pemmican is eaten exclusively for several days the
amount of bacteria
in the gut is greatly reduced. Like breast milk, very
little waste
remains from it's digestion. Pemmican is recommended
as an excellent
first food for infants, as well as for persons suffering
from a
gastrointestinal disorder. When one is aware that the name by
which the
Lakota called non-Indians means "takers of the fat", it is
clear that pemmican was a very essential survival food for Plains
Indians, but not just the Plains Indians. Many other Indians used
pemmican. A pemmican made from sea mammals was the main food,
sometimes
the only food, that was eaten by the Inuit most of the year.
Fat is an
excellent preservative, containing a high concentration of
vitamin E,
and a diet based on Pemmican would sustain people
through the winter. It
should be noted that the molecular structure of the
fat of a wild animal
differs from that of a domesticated animal. Wild
game contains over five
times more polyunsaturated ("healthy") fat per
gram than
domestic livestock. The fat in wild game contains a fatty
acid that may
play a part in preventing atherosclerosis ("hardening of
the
arteries"). This fatty acid cannot be detected in domestic
beef.
Sources:
NeanderThin by Ray Audette Paleolithic Nutrition: a consideration of its
nature and current implications, by SB Eaton and Melvin Konner, New
England
Journal of Medicine, Vol. 312, no.5, Jan. 1985 |
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