Ref: Encarta
NEWSPAPERS THROUGH THE YEARS
New York Times on the Web
In 1735 a jury found John Peter Zenger, publisher of the New York Weekly Journal, not guilty of seditious libel communicating information intended to cause dissatisfaction with government). The newspaper had carried political essays that criticized the corrupt policies of New York's colonial governor, William Cosby. The jury's refusal to convict Zenger helped encourage freedom of the press in the American colonies and later in the United States. EARLY DAYS
In 1831 abolitionist William Lloyd Garrison began to publish a newspaper in Boston called The Liberator which demanded the immediate liberation of black American slaves. He was deeply convinced that slavery had to be abolished by moral force and applied Christian concepts to the abolitionist cause.
n 1848 the first press agency, the Associated Press, was born when a group of New York editors decided to share costs of transmitting and receiving telegraph news. The telegraph enabled newspaper publishers to bring to their readers the most current news. The first Morse telegraph, used in 1844, is shown here.
Mutt and Jeff first appeared as Mr. A. Mutt in a November 1907 issue of the San Francisco Chronicle. Bud Fisher's comic strip subsequently was introduced to a wide audience by newly formed newspaper syndicates, and it became the first successful daily comic strip in the United States. To satisfy demand, newspapers published collections of the cartoons, and a 1911 Mutt and Jeff collection was one of the first comic books to be published.
Alternative newspapers gave women's rights activists a voice as early as the middle of the 19th century. Here, a woman reads a copy of The Suffragette, a newspaper for Union suffragettes. The Suffragette, which printed its first copy in 1912, became the Union's official weekly paper.
In a web press, the printing plates are wrapped around revolving cylinders called drums. This press uses the rotary relief process, which has been the most common printing method for mass-producing newspapers, books, and magazines for many years. Here, an operator adjusts a plate before printing is resumed. Adjustments are made based on sample copies that are printed to check for consistent color and impression, a process called makeready. When the press is started, paper will pass between these two rollers, receiving print on both sides simultaneously.
Newspapers are commonly printed on large rolls of newsprint. After
printing, the paper is then fed into a machine that cuts the pages and
folds them into individual newspapers.
After the staff of a newspaper generates a master copy of the paper, each page is photographically transferred to plastic-coated zinc or aluminum printing plates. Covered in ink, these plates then transfer their images onto paper in the printing press. The printing press contains cylinders that rapidly rotate continuous webs of paper, while printing with quick-drying ink.
The newspaper is one of the main sources for the dissemination of news and events throughout the world. While governments often regulate the amount and types of news available to the public, the purpose of the newspaper throughout the world is to inform the public of political, social, agricultural, and entertainment happenings, among other things. This newspaper stand sells daily, weekly, and monthly newspapers to its clients in Barcelona, Spain.
The Wall Street Journal is one of the most widely circulated newspapers in the United States. The newspaper specializes in business and financial news and also covers national and international affairs.
USA Today began publication on September 15, 1982, with this issue. It became the largest-selling daily newspaper in the United States.
In the late 1990s newspapers began offering their content on the Internet in record numbers. By the end of the decade, more than 1,000 North American newspapers offered online versions, most available to Internet users free of charge. Electronic newspapers spared publishers one of their highest expenses—newsprint—and many brought publishers additional advertising revenue. The New York Times on the Web, an exerpt of which is shown here, offers readers the same content as its print publication as well as stories and features available only in its online version.
