Sometimes, even in international politics and international law, it is necessary to be creative in order to give satisfaction to all parties involved. Territories inhabited by certain peoples might find it difficult or unacceptable to be incorporated into a larger metropolitan State without having the right to exercise their rights. These rights may be based on historical rights, their right to self-determination, indigenous rights or simply based on their wish or need to be left alone.
Following you will see a list of territorial entities that have gained various degrees of international legal or political status. Not all such entities has been listed but a few to illustrate the question. The cases can be summarised in the following way:
- Autonomous (self governed) areas (like South Tyrol, Greenland)
- De facto States (like Somaliland, North Cyprus)
- Areas governed based on international agreements (like Svalbard and Kosovo)
In order to be listed here it is necessary that the entity in question does have a real well founded claim to a territory. Internet-nations do not occupy any territory and base their existence on a (more or less) philosophical view on sovereignty. Furthermore the territory must exist and be possessed by the entity and not only based on claims. This is the reason that entities like the Empire of Atlantium, Principality of Ponderosa, Principality of Camsidet and the state of Sherwood are not included in this list.
For more information read the following land specific articles:
ABKHAZIA
ALTAI
BASHKORTOSTAN
BRCKO DISTRICT
CHUKOTKA
CHUVASH
DAGESTAN
GREENLAND
ISLE OF MAN
JEWISH AUTONOMOUS REGION
KALMYKIA
KOSOVO
KURDISTAN, IRAQI
MACAO
MORDOVIA
MOUNT ATHOS
NAGORNO-KARABAKH
NEW SUDAN
NIUE
NORTHERN MARIANAS
NUNAVUT
PALESTINE
SOMALILAND
SOUTH TYROL
SRPSKA
SVALBARD (SPITZBERGEN)
TAIWAN
TAMIL EELAM
TATARSTAN
TRANSDNIESTER
TURKISH REPUBLIC OF NORTHERN CYPRUS
UDMURTIA
ÅLAND ISLANDS