DATA COMMUNICATIONS

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This section of the site is dedicated to helping to build a better understanding of the term 'Data Communication'. Listed from A-Z is a glossery of terms involved in computing, and the Internet. Click on a each individual link to visit each individual letter.

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

X.25

n. A recommendation published by the ITU-T (formerly CCITT) international communications standards organization that defines the connection between a terminal and a packet-switching network. X.25 incorporates three definitions: the electrical connection between the terminal and the network, the transmission or link-access protocol, and the implementation of virtual circuits between network users. Taken together, these definitions specify a synchronous, full-duplex terminal-to-network connection. Packet format, error control, and other features are equivalent to portions of the HDLC (High-level Data Link Control) protocol defined by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). See also CCITT X series, HDLC, packet switching, virtual circuit.

 

x86

n. Any computer based on an 8086, 80286, 80386, 80486, or Pentium microprocessor.

 

X button

n. See close button.

 

X Consortium

n. The body, composed of several hardware firms, that governed the standards for the X Window System. The Open Group's X Project Team now has responsibility for the X Window System. See also X Window System.

 

XENIX

n. A version of UNIX that was originally adapted by Microsoft for Intel-based personal computers. Although it has been sold by many vendors, including Microsoft, Intel, and the Santa Cruz Operation (SCO), it has become principally identified with SCO. See also UNIX.

 

Xerox PARC

n. Short for Xerox Palo Alto Research Center. Xerox's research and development facility in Palo Alto, California. Xerox PARC is the birthplace of such innovations as the local area network (LAN), the laser printer, and the graphical user interface (GUI).

 

XML

n. Extensible Markup Language (XML) is used to create new markups that provide a file format and data structure for representing data on the web. XML allows developers to describe and deliver rich, structured data in a consistent way. XML does not replace HTML; rather, it is a complementary format. Like HTML, XML is a set of tags and declarations -- but rather than being concerned with formatting information on a page, XML focuses on providing information about the data itself and how it relates to other data. See also XSL.

 

Xmodem

n. A file transfer protocol used in asynchronous communications that transfers information in blocks of 128 bytes.

 

Xmodem 1K

n. A version of the Xmodem file transfer protocol designed for larger, longer-distance file transfers. Xmodem 1K transmits information in 1-kilobyte (1,024-byte) blocks and uses a more reliable form of error checking. See also Xmodem.

 

Xmodem-CRC

n. An enhanced version of the Xmodem file transfer protocol that incorporates a 2-byte cyclical redundancy check (CRC) to detect transmission errors. See also CRC.

 

XMS

n. See extended memory specification.

 

XSL

n. Extensible Stylesheet Language (XSL) is a stylesheet language designed to be used with XML data and documents. It allows the author to map XML tags to some kind of display behavior and apply formatting operations to XML elements. XSL allows the presentation (or multiple presentations) of the XML to be specified. See also XML.

 

X terminal

n. An intelligent display device, connected to an Ethernet network, that performs operations on request from client applications in an X Window System. See also Ethernet (definition 1), X Window System.

 

X Windows

n. See X Window System.