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Obviously enough, the Articles of Confederation were inadequate and more riddled with problems than solutions than really needed at that time. During this time, the states had begun to seperate and cooperation between them was deteriating as the need to be united as one was at an all time low. Now that the country was under no threat of tyranic rule. It was obvious that a new way of governing the people was needed.
So, to answer the needs of the people, nationalists met in 1786 in Philadelphia to discuss ammending the Articles for the better. On may 25th, 1787, all states but Rhode Island sent delegates to Philadelphia to attend the Consitutional Convention of 1787. With 39 out of 55 delegates leading the convention, they created what we know today as the Constitution. The Constitution of The United States of America called for a strong national government. This would help bring the states back together and help our country grow. The Constitution also established three branches of government: legislative, judicial, and executive. The three split branches ensured that no one party could control too much, therefore keeping the states from going through a tyranny.
The Legislative branch would consist of two seperate houses. The Congress and the House of Representatives. In Congress, state representation size would be based on state population. This would generally favor large population states. For example, using small numbers, lets say that madeupville has a population of 10000, and hugeimaginarycityopolis has 100000. Let's also say that for every 1000 people in a state, the state gets one representative. That would mean madeupville only gets 10 representatives while hugeimaginarycityopolis gets 100 representatives. This by no means favored small states. In a comprimise deal to please the small-states, the Constitution created the House of Representatives. The House's state representation was simple and fair. It provided that each state get ONLY two representatives. This meant that if a law were to pass the Congress that didn't favor small states, they could stop it in the House if Representatives.
The Judicial branch was created to help the state governments enforce laws. The Constitution also set up a national court system that helped the national government enforce laws passed by Congress and the House. It was also created to help solve disputes between states.
And Last but not least, the executive branch. The President is the last a final step to pass laws and to lead the nation. It was decided in the Constitution that the president would be decided on a comprimise based around the people electing him, and the government. The creation of the Electoral College was to satisfy the wants of the creators of the Constitution. The people would vote as well as the College. Each state got a certain number of votes. Much like Congress, the number of votes was based on state size. I don't think there is a need to jump back into that again.
