World Trade Center: 

Why Was There No Helicopter Rooftop Rescue?

ParaDiddle

ParaDiddle

posted 30 October 2001 09:58 AM

I'm a fireman. One of the parents at my kids' school is a neurosurgeon. Another acquaintance is a NASCAR driver. When the subject at hand is brain surgery or driving really fast, I know if I should speak, or ask questions and listen for the answer. Many of my aquaintances are also firefighters. When it comes to putting the wet stuff on the red stuff, I'm as close to an expert as you need to be.

Originally posted by Fremen: When we look back upon the WTC disasters it is amazing to note that despite previous bombings and fires there, the NYC FD and Port Authorities seemed to have absolutely no contingency plans in place to rescue those trapped on the upper floors!

Aw bullshit! Rule #1; When bulidings burn and collapse, people die. Rule #2; Emergency services can't change rule #1 The fact is, there are plans and then there is reality. The nature of my business is that things have gone horribly wrong long before anyone decided to let me know about it. Any plan therefore, is designed to minimize additional loss of life. I could refer you to some HI-rise Firefighting Incident Command manuals if you want. Take a week or two, better yet, take the two-year course then come back with your comments.

 In photos of the event it is obvious that there was at least one helicopter in the air over the towers throughout the nearly 2 hours that the more fortunate of trapped victims choked, broke out windows and even jumped to evade the tortures of fire and smoke. Why did this have to happen?

I dunno. Ask the persons that flew jumbo-jets through the buildings. (see rule #1)

Firefighters have always said it is impossible to fight a fire above the 10th floor,

In general, the fire service never says anything is 'impossible' diffucult yes, but that's what we do. To paraphrase an old jazz lyric; "the difficult we'll do right now, the impossible may take awhile"

yet the city of New York with hundreds of skyscrapers, was and still is totally without any plan to rescue victims by air, using hundreds of helicopters that laid dormant at the time.
As far as hi-rise response tactics go, FDNY basically wrote the book. Fire service agencies worldwide/ recognize New York as the leaders in this area. That aside, I need you to ask a helicopter pilot to communicate to thousands of panicking citizens to, in an orderly manner, use a ladder being brought into place.

"One at a time please..."

"Please wait until the ladder is properly attached to the building..."

"Please ignore the fact that you're hundreds of feet off the ground and calmly climb through the smoke until you reach solid ground..."

It also makes no sense to shut down elevators that may still be functional (sky lobby systems) from firefighters for whom time saves lives!
In a 'normal' hi-rise fire, the FD has unlimited access and control over the elevator system. The WTC towers had much of the structure and most of its systems immedeately undermined. To say the elevators were shut down, assumes they were still working in the first place.

A simple pole-weighted "boarding ladder" (a wide mesh rope ladder as used on ships) some several hundred feet high, could have been moved into place beside the broken windows to give victims something to jump to and on which to cling for a short trip to another nearby roof landing site.

On the first day of the fire academy, recruits are required to climb a ladder to a height of about 110'. This climb usually results in the resignation of 10% of fire recruits. These recruits are genrally people who at one time, thought they could perform rescues under stressful or dangerous situations. Talk to me after you've tried to evacuate a citizen (or a group of them) from even the second floor of a burning building. Scenes like that go really well in the movies.

It is very troubling indeed that no emergency preparedness is in place to deal with large scale skyscraper fires, or to commandeer idle choppers and equip them quickly for such critical last ditch lifesaving duty!

No pereparedness? See my earlier comments on the subject. While doing reseach, find a helicopter pilot and ask his/her thoughts on flying near hi-rise structures. Continue by asking about flying through smoke. Ask if the effect of rising heat, and/or low-oxygen atmospheres would affect the ability to keep an aircraft in the air.

Even fighting the fire itself should be done by hoses raised by helicopter to the burning floors from outside the building as toting them up stairwells merely slows well equipped firefighters as they may rush upstairs to deal with the internal base of the fire.

Before considering pumping a column of water vertically, one must first consider the pressure loss due to friction in the hose (or pipe) and secondly the wieght of the water. No ground based pump, mounted to an urban fire apparatus, can defy such physics to a useable extent. I know we're not regarded as the smartest members of the population but, there are ways to store hose, water and pumps above ground level. There are actually systems and areas in hi-rise buildings designed to support firefighting efforts.

There has to be a better way to deal with such an emergency, since it is obvious that stairwells are practically useless, in such tall structures.

You're correct about that. The better way is to leave the brain surgery to the neurosurgeons, high speed driveng to NASCAR competition, and fireground strategies to those who have dedicated their lives to knowing the job.

- Para "Riskin' mine to save yours" Diddle


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