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บทที่ 1
Verb Forms (รูปกริยาภาษาอังกฤษ)
วัตถุประสงค์
หลังจากศึกษาบทที่ 1 แล้ว นักศึกษามีความสามารถดังนี้
เข้าใจความหมายของ
Tense
จำแนกลักษณะของรูปกริยาภาษาอังกฤษได้ถูกต้อง
ใช้รูปกริยาได้ถูกต้องตามโครงสร้างของประโยค
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Tense
คืออะไร
กริยาภาษาอังกฤษจะเปลี่ยนแปลงรูปเพื่อแสดงกาลหรือเวลาของการกระทำที่เกิดขึ้นในประโยคการเปลี่ยนแปลงรูปกริยาดังกล่าวเรียกว่า
Tense
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สรุป
ลักษณะของคำกริยาที่ปรากฏใน
Tense
ต่าง ๆ
Simple Present Tense |
She
plays golf. |
Simple Past Tense |
She
played golf yesterday. |
Simple Future Tense |
She
will play golf tomorrow. |
Present Continuous
Tense |
We
are working
at home now. |
Past Continuous
Tense |
We
were working at 2 a.m.
yesterday. |
Future Continuous
Tense |
We
will be working at 10 p.m.
tonight. |
Present Perfect
Tense |
I
have finished my homework. |
Past Perfect Tense |
I
had finished my homework, before I slept
yesterday. |
Future Perfect Tense |
I
will have finished my homework by ten o'clock
tomorrow. |
Present Perfect
Continuous Tense |
We
have been working for four hours. |
Past Perfect
Continuous Tense |
We
had been working for four hours before you came
back. |
Future Perfect
Continuous Tense |
We
will have been working for four hours by ten
o'clock tomorrow.. |
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Verb Forms
รูปกริยาภาษาอังกฤษมีกี่รูปแบบ
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รูปกริยาภาษาอังกฤษเปลี่ยนแปลงได้หลายรูปแบบและมีลักษณะวิธีใช้ที่แตกต่างกันรูปกริยาภาษาอังกฤษที่ปรากฏใน
Tense ต่าง ๆ สามารถจำแนกได้ 4
รูปแบบและมีชื่อเรียกดังต่อไปนี้
1.
Base form
(กริยาช่องที่ 1)
2. Past form (กริยาช่องที่ 2)
3. Past participle form (กริยาช่องที่ 3)
4. Present participle form
(กริยาเติม
ing)
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Regular verbs และ Irregular verbs
กลุ่มคำกริยาที่เปลี่ยนรูปในภาษาอังกฤษจะแบ่งออกเป็น 2
กลุ่ม คือ
regular verbs และ
irregular verbs
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Regular verbs
คือกริยาที่เปลี่ยนรูปตามกฏเกณฑ์
ตัวอย่างเช่น
base form |
simple past form |
past participle |
present participle |
walk |
walked |
walked |
walking |
smile |
smiled |
smiled |
smiling |
hope |
hoped |
hoped |
hoping |
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Irregular verbs
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คือกริยาที่เปลี่ยนรูปไม่เป็นไปตามกฏเกณฑ์
ตัวอย่างเช่น
base form |
simple past form |
past participle |
present participle |
go |
went |
gone |
going |
see |
saw |
seen |
seeing |
cut |
cut |
cut |
cutting
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กริยาสามช่องของ
Irregular verbs
ที่นักศึกษาควรทำความรู้จัก |
Base form |
Simple Past form |
Past Participle
form |
arise |
arose |
arisen |
awake |
awoke |
awoken |
am / is / are |
was, were |
been |
bear |
bore |
borne |
beat |
beat |
beaten |
become |
became |
become |
begin |
began |
begun |
bend |
bent |
bent |
bet |
bet |
bet |
bind |
bound |
bound |
bite |
bit |
bitten |
bleed |
bled |
bled |
blow |
blew |
blown |
break |
broke |
broken |
breed |
bred |
bred |
bring |
brought |
brought |
build |
built |
built |
burn |
burned |
burnt |
buy |
bought |
bought |
cast |
cast |
cast |
catch |
caught |
caught |
choose |
chose |
chosen |
cling |
clung |
clung |
come |
came |
come |
cost |
cost |
cost |
creep |
crept |
crept |
cut |
cut |
cut |
deal |
dealt |
dealt |
dig |
dug |
dug |
dive |
dived, dove |
dived |
do |
did |
done |
drag |
dragged |
dragged |
draw |
drew |
drawn |
drink |
drank |
drunk |
drive |
drove |
driven |
drown |
drowned |
drowned |
eat |
ate |
eaten |
fall |
fell |
fallen |
feed |
fed |
fed |
feel |
felt |
felt |
fight |
fought |
fought |
find |
found |
found |
fit |
fit |
fit |
flee |
fled |
fled |
fling |
flung |
flung |
fly |
flew |
flown |
forbid |
forbade |
forbidden |
forget |
forgot |
forgotten |
forgive |
forgave |
forgiven |
forsake |
forsook |
forsaken |
forswear |
forswore |
forsworn |
foretell |
foretold |
foretold |
freeze |
froze |
frozen |
get |
got |
gotten, got |
give |
gave |
given |
go |
went |
gone |
grind |
ground |
ground |
grow |
grew |
grown |
hang |
hung |
hung |
have |
had |
had |
hear |
heard |
heard |
hide |
hid |
hidden |
hold |
held |
held |
hurt |
hurt |
hurt |
keep |
kept |
kept |
know |
knew |
known |
lay (put) |
laid |
laid |
lead |
led |
led |
leave |
left |
left |
lend |
lent |
lent |
let |
let |
let |
lie (recline) |
lay |
lain |
light |
lit |
lit |
lose |
lost |
lost |
make |
made |
made |
mean |
meant |
meant |
meet |
met |
met |
mislay |
mislaid |
mislaid |
mislead |
misled |
misled |
misspeak |
misspoke |
misspoken |
misspend |
misspent |
misspent |
pay |
paid |
paid |
prove |
proved |
proven |
put |
put |
put |
quit |
quit |
quit |
read |
read |
read |
ride |
rode |
ridden |
ring |
rang |
rung |
rise |
rose |
risen |
run |
ran |
run |
saw |
sawed |
sawn |
say |
said |
said |
see |
saw |
seen |
seek |
sought |
sought |
sell |
sold |
sold |
send |
sent |
sent |
set |
set |
set |
shake |
shook |
shaken |
shed |
shed |
shed |
shine |
shone |
shone |
shoe |
shod |
shod |
shoot |
shot |
shot |
show |
showed |
shown |
shrink |
shrank |
shrunk |
shut |
shut |
shut |
sing |
sang |
sung |
sink |
sank |
sunk |
sit |
sat |
sat |
slay |
slew |
slain |
sleep |
slept |
slept |
slide |
slid |
slid |
sling |
slung |
slung |
speak |
spoke |
spoken |
spend |
spent |
spent |
spin |
spun |
spun |
spread |
spread |
spread |
spring |
sprang |
sprung |
stand |
stood |
stood |
steal |
stole |
stolen |
stick |
stuck |
stuck |
sting |
stung |
stung |
stink |
stank |
stunk |
strike |
struck |
struck |
string |
strung |
strung |
strive |
strove |
striven |
swear |
swore |
sworn |
sweep |
swept |
swept |
swim |
swam |
swum |
swing |
swung |
swung |
take |
took |
taken |
teach |
taught |
taught |
tear |
tore |
torn |
tell |
told |
told |
think |
thought |
thought |
throw |
threw |
thrown |
tread |
trod |
trodden |
wake |
woke |
woken |
wear |
wore |
worn |
understand |
understood |
understood |
win |
won |
won |
wind |
wound |
wound |
wring |
wrung |
wrung |
write |
wrote |
written |
verbform
กิจกรรมที่ 1
แบบทดสอบตนเองเรื่อง
verb forms
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