SKYLARK'S ACADIAN HOMELAND PAGE
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The following are surnames of the Acadian/Cajun linege in our family:
France/Otterberg/Landstruhl/Louisiana & AcadieAnd others...
Amirault, Amireau, Armagnac, Bajolet, Bayolet, Baudinet, Beaudinet, Beneque, Benique, Bourgogne, Bourgeois, Charbonneau, Clemenceau, Corporon, De Bourbon, De Bourbonne, De Bourgogne, De Bresse, De Brosse, De Bucelli, De Clarmont, De Entrement, Di Falconi, De Faucon, De Fieschi, De Meneses, De Montagny, De Valois, Di'Azit, Doucet, Duon, Duhon, Enriquez, Esteves, Gareau, Garaut, Gaudet, Godet, Hauteville, Hebert, Helie, Juneau, La Grange, Lejeune, Lyonnais, Mius, Ordonez, Pereira, Pesseley, Pesselet, Pitre, Prejean, Rimbaut, Savoie, Soland, Traun
THE GOD THAT I CALL FATHER
The Story of My Acadian French Ancestors:
THE REFORMATION:
Centuries ago, as the Spirit of the Lord brooded over the peoples, kindreds, tongues and nations; to bring forth a new nation under one God, a marvellous reformation work was began in Europe, that did not leave the leaders of these nations out. France had been a Roman Catholic nation for centuries till in the middle 1500's, Protestantism spread throughout France and the Huguenots beliefs in God became a prominent issue. The name Huguenot was applied to the Protestant believers in France during the 16th and 17th centuries. It's of uncertain derivation.
THE MARRIAGE OF HENRI OF NAVARRE & CATHERINE VALOIS
Henri IV (1553-1610) the King of France, was the son of Antoine de Bourbon, Duke of Vendome and Jeanne d'Albret,the famous Huguenot Queen of Navarre. He was the first of the Bourbon dynasty and as a Protestant, was recognized as a leader of the Huguenots. Succeeding to the throne as King of Navarre from 1572-1610, he was the first monarch of the Bourbon branch of the Capetian dynasty of France. Upon his mother's death in 1572, Henri married Margaret de Valois, the sister of Charles IX of France and Catherine diMedici, in the belief that this would end the Catholic opposition toward the Huguenots. The wedding took place during the period 1562-1598, termed the "Wars of Religion." The marriage to 19 year old Margaret took place on 15 August 1572 at Notre Dame cathedral in Paris. Henry, due to his Protestant faith had to remain outside the cathedral during the ceremony. Margaret was reknowned for her beauty and considered one of the most fashionable women of her time. She was also a gifted poet and writer. Both their behaviours during the marriage were scandalous, and Henry had the marriage annulled, but Catherine deMedici so sympathized with the first wife due to Henry's innumerable mistresses, that Margaret was brought back. Margaret settled her household on the left bank of the Seine, at the Hostel de la Reyne Margueritte. Upon her return to Paris, she established herself as a mentor of the arts and benefactress of the poor. She frequently helped plan events at court, and nurtured the children of Henry IV and Marie. Margaret is credited with saving the lives of several prominent Protestants from the St Bartholomew's Day massacre, one of which was that of her own husband. After three years confinement at court, Henry escaped to Paris. Henry of Navarre succeeded to the throne in 1589 as Henry IV. He was not accepted by the majority of the Catholic population however, until his alleged conversion to Roman Catholicism.
CATHERINE DIMEDICI'S INFLUENCE ON THE FRENCH RENAISSANCE
Catherine deiMedici's patronage of the arts made a splendid contribution to the Franch Renaissance. No doubt it was her love of the arts, which brought her into frequent contact with the French Huguenots, among whom were incredibly gifted French silversmiths and other artisans too numerous to mention. Her great love among the arts was architecture. Driven by a passion to immortalizeher husband after his death, to enhance thegrandeur of the Valois monarchy and to leave behind lasting achievements, the queen employed numerous architects to help in building projects. She built two new residences at Paris: 1) The Tuileries 2) The Hotel de la Reine. In her employ include such men as Andronet du Cerceau, whose drawings for the Tuileries still survive. The Chateau Monteaux en brie was given to Catherine by Henry II in 1556. Philibert D'lorme records that she told him to remove ionic columns in a project which she considered "too plain." She acquired a chateau at Saint Maur called the Chateau du Bellay, which she commissioned Philibert Delorme to substancially rebvuild. Jean Bullant replaced de Lorme when he died, and he assisted in her Hotel de la Reine, which later came to be known as Hotel de Soissons. Catherine sought to bolster royal prestige with a lavish cultural display. She employed Italian artists and performers, launching a program of art patronage that lasted for three decades. An inventory drawn up after her death shows her to have been a keen collector. Catherine employed Antoine Caron whom she made her official painter workingat Fontainebleau under Primaticcio. He completed numerous paintings, as well as a set of four tapestries called the Valois Tapestries. Most of the individuals depicted in the Valois tapestries are members of the royal family of France. Tapestries created for the queen include a set entitled "Artemesia," woven for her, hand drawn maps, sculptures, baroque furniture, some of which was ebony furniture inlaid with ivory, sets of china and Limoge pottery. On buildings she placed carved stonework. She surrounded the grounds of the garden of Fontainebleau with a moat and installed a painted gallery. Catherine hosted displays of fireworks. There were hundreds of portraits of family members. Francois Clouet painted the queen herself, and an emormous number of portraiture of the royal family. Corneille de Lyon and Jean Cousin the Younger were also famous artist of the era. Venetian lace was so valued beyond the Alps that Catherine and Colbert, Louis XIV's prime minister, persuaded lacemakers to move to France and thus was born the French lace industry. Catherine also introcuded the fan, and the first pair of high heels which she wore at her wedding. Musical shows allowed Catherine to express her creativity, and to create these musical dramas and scenic events she employed artists and architects of her day. She is believed to have started ballet, through her love for dancing, and brought many Italian dance masters to the French court. The ballets and operas of today are distantly related to Catherine diMedici's court productions.
THE TUSCAN QUEEN CATHARINE COMES TO FRANCE
Catherine de Medici (born 26 April 1575-3 July 1642) was the daughter of Francesco I de Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany and Johanna, Archduchess of Austria. Her maternal grandparents were Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emporer and Anna of Bohemia and Hungary. The DeMedici family was from the agricultural Mugello region of Italy. Left an orphan at only a few weeks of age when both her parents died, there were no close relatives to care for her. In 1587, when she was eight years of age, the Medici Dynasty was overthrown, when the palace was attacked by an angry mob of Florentines. Catherine's relatives who lived in the palace with her wanted to flee with her. But they were ordered by the rebels to leave young Catherine behind, so that they would have a valuable hostage. After being taken hostage she was placed in a series of convents in the city, where she received an education. Catherine had barely reached the age of 13, when Francis I, King of France, eager to thwart the projects of Emporer Charles V, and to court the friendship of Clement VII, Catherine's uncle, arranged a marriage between Catherine and his second son Henry of Orleans, the future King of France. The wedding took place at Marseille on October 28, 1533. The bride who was short of stature, wanted to make a grand entrance on her wedding day. She wore a dress of gold brocade with a violet bodice encrusted with gems and edged with ermine. Catherine commissioned a shoemaker in Florence to make her the first pair of high heels. She was not what Henry expected. The French called her "the Italian Grocer," because she came from a wealthy family of bankers.
THE ST BARTHOLOMEW'S DAY MASSACRE
As queen consort of France and the second wife of King Henri IV of France, of the Bourbon branch of the kings of France, Catherine de Medici, saw that persecution against the Huguenot community strengthened the Protestants, uniting them. Catharine held talks with the Huguenot queen Jeanne d'Albret at Macon and Nerac. She also met her daughter, Queen Elizabeth of Spain at Bayonne near the Spanish border amidst lavish court festivals. Beyond adoubt it was Catherine's love for the arts which brought her into frequent contact with the goldsmiths and silversmiths and other highly skilled artisans among the Huguenot community. There was an emerging market in America, England and Europe. In medieval Europe the artisans, such as goldsmiths such as Juste-Aurele Meissonier, Jean Valentin Morel, Philippe Caffieri, Martial Courtois, Etienne Godefroud, and Claude Thomas Duplessis were members of craft guilds. Goldsmiths were the first bankers in Europe. Economic prosperity and the increased supply of silver in the New World, created the perfect market for French silversmiths, and France produced men such as Augustine Courtauld, Francois Thomas Germain, Jean-Baptiste Claud Odiot, Jacques Roettiers, Paul deLamerie, Samuel Minott, Pierre Platel and Rivoire.
As the story goes, on Sept 27, 1527, in an event known as the Surprise of Meaux, Huguenot forces attempted to ambush the king, triggering renewed civil war. This marked a turning in Catherine's policy toward the Huguenots.
Devising a diabolical plan to massacre all the Protestant believers in the Kingdom, she set aside August 24 and 25, 1572 which was to be celebrated as St Bartholomews birthday. Giving orders for the bell to be rung in the tower of the palace at midnight, this would signal the beginning of a grand and joyful celebration. At this time, 70,000 Protestant men, women, and children were martyred for their faith. The assassination of Henri III in 1589, left Henri the king of France. He converted to Roman Catholicism in 1593 and in 1598 ended the French Wars of Religion by signing the Edict of Nantes, under which document, Roman Catholicism remained the state church while Huguenots were provided with limited religious freedom. Following the annulment of his marriage to Margaret de Valois, he married Catherine diMedici in 1600. When the Catholic authorities learned of the tremendous success of the St. Bartholomew Massacre, the queen received congratulations and Pope Gregory XIII commanded that bonfires to be lit, and a procession to the church of St Louis be held, and he proclaimed a year of jubilee. Cannons roared—bells chimed, and a commemorative medal was coined. Italian artist Vasari was commissioned to paint a mural of the Massacre, and it hangs today in the Rome's Vatican!" The Cardinal of Lorraine presented the messenger who brought the news to Rome with a thousand pieces of gold and exclaimed that the King's heart had been filled with a sudden inspiration from God when he ordered the massacre (Smedley, History of the Reformed Religion in France, 1834, II, p. 36).
"The pope and his Cardinals proceeded at once to the High Altar, after the dispatches from Paris had been read in Conclave, to offer thanks for 'the great blessing which Heaven vouchsafed to the Roman See and to all Christendom. Salvoes of artillery thundered at nightfall from the ramparts of St. Angelo; the streets were illuminated; and no victory ever achieved by the arms of the Pontificate elicited more tokens of festivity. The pope also, as if resolved that an indestructible evidence of the perversion of moral feeling which Fanaticism necessarily generates should be transmitted to posterity, gave orders for the execution of a commemorative Medal' (Smedley, II, p. 35). "This medal, an original of which can be seen in the British Museum.
Within one week, almost 100,100 Protestants perished. The rivers of France were so filled with corpses that the people stopped eating fish. In the Loire Valley, wolves left the hills and wandered into villages to feed on the decaying corpses. The massacres continued from that point on. It was during this time period, in 1575; that Jean Gaudet was born in Martaize, France. By 1662 the number of Protestants in France had grown to over one million; in 1685 Louis XIV revoked the Edict of Nantes and made Protestantism illegal, with the result that more than 400,000 fled, and sought refuge in neighboring countries, where there was greater religious toleration. The following year after Jean Baptiste dit LeBreton Prejean was born, (1561) civil war broke out in over these religious differences between the Catholic church and the Huguenots. Etienne Hebert was approximately 30 years old, and living in La Haye, Descarte, Balesne, France. Some twenty percent or 1/5th of France were Protestants out of a general population of 16 million people. As persecutions continued unabated, "French citizens were imprisoned—and some were sent to work as galley slaves, to row the King's ships. Others were able to flee into —and some were able to neighboring countries. The persecutions continued for centuries, with religious fugitives fleeing into Germany, Switzerland, England, Ireland and eventually America. Wars, pestilence and wars ultimate ruin and poverty led to the French Revolution, with Reign of Terror, guillotine, and the fall of the Roman Catholic Monarchy with it's elitism. Rome had used fear to rule the world, denouncing and anathematizing whole nations that they could not bend to their will. Now true Christian faith had arisen in the hearts of the people of France!
THE REVOCATION OF THE EDICT OF NANTES:
"The Huguenots won a short period of relief from persecution with the ascension of Henry IV to the throne. The Edict of Nantes gave full freedom to his Protestants subjects. The signing of this Edict inaugurated an era of peace and great prosperity for France. However, for granting his subjects liberty of conscience, the king was stabbed to death by a Jesuit named Ravaillac. When the Edict of Toleration was revoked in 1685, Matthieu Duon had been married for 35 years, when the renewed storm of persecution that ensued, must have been of concern to he and his family, living in St. Nizier. Soon an exodus began again with over a million Huguenots fleeing France to avoid certain torture and death."
The Edict of Nantes (1598) said that Catholicism was the official religion of France, but Huguenots were allowed to worship in their own castles and a few other places. Things were fairly peaceful for the next twenty years.
The royal houses of Europe were visited by God, in an incredible spiritual awakening. Some, like King Herod, in the bible story of the birth of Jesus; feared and fought this revival. But no one needed God so much as these royal houses, as the destiny of nations hung in the balance. Others gave their lives for it, and their blood sinking into the ground cries still like the blood of Abel.
As the scriptures state: "The people that sat in darkness saw a great light." So glorious and brilliant was this light and this reformation work. So severe was the persecution against it, that hundreds of men, women and children, families imperiled by the years of inquisition; set sail for new lands. They immigrated to every continent. These families included various members of the royal families of Spain, Italy, France and Portugal who exchanged their royal status, to journey as strangers to a strange land, and to choose to live as peasants filled with the knowledge of God. In our family, there are some 25 dukes, duchesses, princes, princesses, kings, queens and other royal ancestors, through the linege of Francois Savoie and Catherine LeJeune. The scriptures tell us: "Better is a little with the fear of the Lord, than great riches and hatred therewith." (Proverbs) One of these spiritual refuges was a land called Acadia, or L'Acadie in French. Here is the story of what happened. In the geneology pages here, you can read of the royal courts of several nations who put their families aboard ships, to send them to the spiritual haven in the land of Acadia. A place where they could know and worship God. All came to Acadia for a new life, with a renewed opportunity, a hope, faith a dream and a vision to know the salvation of the Almighty God that brought them safely to these coasts of Acadia. Those who chose to be were a "gospel seed" in this new land. Among their names, you will discover that many of those that lived in France prior to their immigration, had ancestral lineges going back also to Spain, Portugal, and Italy. In this new land, was the freedom to know the great God and Saviour who says within the scriptures that "Where ever two or more are gathered in my name, there I am in the midst." Cathedrals of Europe were emptied, or severely depleted; as families came to the Atlantic maritime coasts of Canada and eastern Maine; to meet and worship the God of their fathers in homes where there was religious freedom. Which fathers? The apostles of the Lamb, and others who believed in the holy and prophetic scriptures and by commandment given them on the Day of Pentecost in Acts 2:38, Repented, were baptized every one in the name of Jesus Christ; and who received the gift of the Holy Spirit." There was a river of life among these Europeans who modeled themselves after the apostolic believers of the early New Testament church, obeying the apostles doctrines from their heart. (Acts 8:16, Acts 10:46-48, Acts 19:5) This was the choice vine God planted in Europe to bring forth the new wine of His revival Spirit, and to preach the salvation which comes by the blood of the cross of Christ, freely bringing salvation, healing and deliverance to all men, who will recieve God's gracious gift.
THE FAITH OF OUR FATHERS:
Various groups helped to make up the colonies. There were Catholics. Some were French Huguenots, French Camisards and Quakers. Many of these were Catholics and others who had come into reformation doctrine, while still in Europe. Among these God raised up apostles, prophets, evangelists, pastors and teachers, to disciple the people to the precious truthes of God's word. The Revelation of Jesus Christ was received by masses who obeyed the Apostle Peter's sermon on the Day of Pentecost to "Repent, be baptized every one of you for the remission of sins and you shall receive the gift of the Holy Spirit." (Acts 2:38, Acts 8:16, Acts 10:46-48 and Acts 19:5) Peter preached this message because the crowd of of Jews gathered in Acts chapter 2 of the scriptures wanted to know how to be "saved."
The Wars of Religion were very much a religious issue. The citizens of France were brought to a place of absolute desperation. In their desperation and need to receive divine direction andrevelation from God, many came to a saving knowledge of Yeshua haMashiach/JesusChrist as their Great God and Saviour. They could testify to such a reality of God in their lives, both from scripture as well as from personal experience, saying as Isaiah the Prophet: "I saw the Lord." Knowing of a truth that their knowledge of Messiah as not simply a historical fact in history, but theliving presence of thefulness of God in Christ. (Colossians 1:9) The priests remember, were not the only educated people of the day. Many of these people came from the wealthy aristocrisy of Europe, and were obtaning the bibles being printed, studying and writing literature themselves to propagate the Christian faith. William Penn was one of these. Yeshua haMashiach/Jesus Christ appeared to the aged Apostle John when he was exiled on an island in the Aegean Sea for his faith. The Lord revealed to John that He is none other than the Great God and Saviour of the World. John wept. Handel's vision of Messiah prompted the writing of Handel's Messiah, with the Hallelujah Chorus. These citizensof France werecoming into the knowledge of the enormity of the message received by the Apostle Paul in a vision on the road to Damascus as he traveled with warrents to arrest believers and imprison them, where the Lord of Glory appeared and said to Paul: "I Am Yeshua/Jesus whom you are persecuting" (Acts 9) He was arrested and confined to the Tower of London with a life sentence for a tract that he wrote. Through a miracle, he was released and the king repaid a deby owed Penn's father, by providing William Penn with land in the American Colonies.
Many Jewish families surviving expulsions under the Spanish Inquisition which was launched to divert the hard earned wealth of Jewish citizenry into Spain's coffers came into an understanding of the "one true and living God" who chose to manifest himself in the person of Messiah. (Historical records describe the Alhambra Decree in Spain and Portugal by Ferdinand and Isabella which financed the exploration of the New World by Christopher Columbus. This persecution by the Roman Catholic church which mislabeled it's abhorrent practices as "Christian," gave rise to the practice of Crypto Jews to hide their faith. The numbers that hid their Messianic Jewish faith in Messiah in those centuries is impossible to tell. Infants were baptized to disguise one's true religious beliefs,though this practice is repudiated in scripture, as this appeared the lesser of two evils, which seemed to be do it or risk death at the hands of the Catholic authorities. The Catholic church in predominently Catholic France refused to acknowledge the validity of non Catholic marriage, labeling offspring of such families as "illigitimate." In the American Colonies, Messianic Jewish settlements dotted the frontier, many in such remote areas, that members were at times massacred in indian raids. The Volga German settlements in America must have contained a vast number of Messianic Jews as well. French Camisards Quakers and Camisards, many of whom were black, received the "gifts of the Spirit" spoken of in scripture, and prophesied and spoke supernaturally in tongues. The French leader of the Camisards, Jean Cavalier; fought for the Duke of Savoy. By the grace of God, some returned to Europe, others were deported to Louisiana and Pennsylvania, and elsewhere in the American colonies, to finish the work God had begun.
THE ORIGIN OF THE ACADIAN FRENCH
Samuel de Champlain, the French explorer, claimed the land of maritime provinces in Canada, including Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, (Ile St. Jean) New Brunswick, Quebec, and including eastern Maine. Named Acadie by Jean Verrazano, for it's groves of trees, it was also called L'Acadie by the French, who longed to colonize it with settlements filled with their own people.
The first European colony, which was named Port Royale; came into being in 1604. There were three major Indian tribes in the area when the French arrived, 4,000 Micmacs, mostly in Nova Scotia, 5,000 Maliseet in New Brunswick, and 10,000 Abenakis in Maine.
In 1621, James the First of England gave a grant to Sir William Alexander of the territory of Acadia. In 1630, the Sieur de Razilly received a commission to found a settlement in the area now known as Nova Scotia. Eager colonists from various places in France joined him in this endeavor, numbering approximately 300 men and 12-15 women. Germain Doucet, who had been born in Brie; was a captain at arms in 1640. The poem written and published in 1847, by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow entitled "Evangeline," which features a young Acadian couple named Gabriel and Evangeline; portrays the immigration, colonization, and eventual tragic expulsion and deportation from the country of the people of L'Acadie. The Treaty of Utrecht in 1713 gave the land to the British, and as they took possession, 10,000 Acadians were rounded up, their lands confiscated, homes and barns burned, by the British. When the Acadians refused to affirm their allegiance to the British Crown, authorities shipped them off to British colonies. Enroute to these settlement, conditions for these Acadian deportees were wretched. Food rations rotted, some starved to death, and there was a smallpox outbreak aboard. Some of these sailing vessels unseaworthy as they were, sank sending 650 men women and children to a watery grave. Others of the L'Acadie diaspora, landed on distant shores, only to discover upon arrival that new sufferings awaited them. Some were taken and placed in dank, dark prisons cells in various ports of entry, such as was the fate of Pierre Doucet and his family, who were eventually released and made their way to St. Malmo, France. In fact in the 1760's, 576 Acadians arrived ay Cherbourg, LaRochelle, Rochefort and St. Malmo. The settlement at Poitou was flourishing, but news of the Acadian villages in Louisiana reached their ears, and 8 families left St. Malmo for Jersey Island. Other families went to Rouen, Caen, La Rochelle, Nantes and Bordeau. The Doucet family origins as we know them; were in Brie, so perhaps they returned there. Ship lists record that in the American British colonies, they were sent to New York, Maryland, Massachusetts, South Carolina, Pennsylvania, and Louisiana, and are now commonly referred to as "Cajun," a corruption of the word Acadian. Their deportation continued unrelentingly for 8 long years. Many of the exiles that survived, following the expulsion, married had children and with their faith in God's faithfulness renewed, expanded their horizons, colonizing new territories for the glory of God. There were some from nearly every settlement in the whole Atlantic region, who escaped the deportation process, either by hiding themselves and family members, or fleeing into other areas of Canada. As our ancestral line through Jean Charles Corporon indicates, the Savoies, who although they lived in regions such as Burgandy, France; (1291) and Vincennes (1402) Martaize, (1621) and Switzerland, (1040) had forebears born in Spain, Portugal and Italy, for hundreds of years. This includes Spanish royalty such as Philip I of Spain born 22 June 1478 in Bruges, Spanish Flanders in the 15th century; and Tomasco Francesco, Prince of Savoy Carignan Torino, Italy born 21 Dec 1596; back to Constantinople, Turkey. Acadia, Jean Prejean dit LeBreton was the first to arrive in Acadia. He married Andree Marguerite Savoie, and settled not far from Port Royale on the west bank of the Annapolis River, near the present day town of paradise. At the time of the expulsion in 1755, there were many Savoies households which had descended from Francois Savoie, who was born in Poitou, France in 1621, and his wife Catherine Lejeune.
JEAN CORPORON & FRANCOISE MARIE SAVOIE
Jean Corporon was born in 1646 in France and died on 12 February 1711/12 in Port Royale, Acadie, Canada. He arrived by ship in Acadie in 1668, settling at Port Royale. He is listed in records as ploughman. In Nova Scotia, Jean Corporon married Francoise Marie Savoie who was born in 1630 in Martaize, Loudun, LaVienne, France. The marriage took place in 1652 at Port Royale, Acadie, Canada. The couple is listed at Port Royale for the 1671 Census when Jehan was25 years old, 1686 Census, 1698 Census, and 1700 Census. Jean Corporon's burial was 30 July 1731 at St Charles aux Mines Cemetery. The children of Jean Corporon and Marie Savoy are as follows:
TOMASO FRANCESCO SAVOY OF TURIN, ITALY & MARIE DEBOURBON DE SOISSONS
Francois Savoy was the daughter of Tomaso Franesco Savoy and Marie de Bourbon was born on 03 May 1606. The parents of Marie de Bourbon were Charles Count of Soissons and Anne deMontafie. The marriage of Tomaso Francesco and Marie de Bourbon took place on in 1625 at Turin, Piedmont, Italy. At the court of Louis XIII, Marie, as a member of the House of Bourbon-Conte, enjoyed the rank of princess du sang. She died in Turin, Piedmont, Italy on 03 June 1692. The House of Savoy claimed kingdoms of Cyprus, Jerusalem and Armenia. They ruled over Sardinia 1831-1861 and Italy from 1861-1946.
Because he was a deaf mute, the marriage shocked his mother, and infuriated his sister in law Olimpia Mancini, and injured the inheritance prospects of his French nieces and nephews. It so offended Louis XIV that Francis II, Duke of Modena felt obliged to banish from his realm the brides kinsman, who had acted as the couple's intermediary. Two sons were born of the union. In his 20's he followed his father Thomas Savoy in the last of his military compaigns, greatly distinguishing himself on the battlefield. He constructed the Palazzo Carignano at Turin and died in 1656.
THE SAVOY-CARIGNAN LINEAGE
The Savoy-Carignan line was an offshoot of the House of Savoy descended through Tommaso Francesco di Savoia, Duca di Carignano. Born in Turin, Italy on 21 December 1596, and died 22 January 1656 in Torino, Italy. Thomas, was the the youngest of the five legitimate sons of the sovereign Duke Charles Emmanuel I, Duke of Savoy by Catherine Micaela Princess of Spain, a daughter of King Philip II of Spain and the French Princess Lizabeth of Valois. On 6 January 1625, Tommasco (Thomas Francis) married Marie Marguerite de Bourbon who was born on 3 May 1605-6 at the Hotel de Soissons, Paris, France. She died 3 June 1692 at 86 years of age in Paris. Marie de Bourbon was daughter of Charles de Bourbon (Comte de Soissons and Anne de Montafie born 1577. (Charles de Bourbon was born 3 November 1566 in Nogent-le-Rotrou, in northern France. He died Nov 1, 1612 in Blandy, Seine et Marne. Charles de Bourbon was the 1st cousin of King Henri IV of France. Henri IV made him governor of the province of Brittany in 1589 and later of the province of Dauphine in 1602. Governor of the province of Normandy in 1610 he imposed the policy of the regent Marie de Medici, the widow of Henri IV. Charles I (29 March 1468 Carignano,Piemont-13 March 1490 Pinerolo, surnamed "The Warrior," was Duke of Savoy from 1482-1490 and titular king of Cypress, Jerusalem and Armenia from 1485-1490. Charles was related to the childless Queen Charlotte of Cypress, titular queen of rmenia and Jerusalem. When Charles was 17, she relinquished rights to young Charles, her next legitimate heir in line from King Janus of Cypress and Armenia.
At the death of her older brother Louis de Bourbon, (6 July 1641) Marie was named heir and became Countess of Soissons suo jure. She resided in her native France with her husband at the Hotel de Soissons where she was also born. Marie built the Chateau de Bagnolet in Paris. In 1719 it became the property of Francois Marie de Bourbon. It was arranged that Tommasco, as son of a reigning monarch, would hold the rank of the first among the princes e'trangers at the French court-taking precedence even before the formerly all-powerful House of Guise, whose kinship to the sovereign Duke of Lorraine was most remote. Tomasco Francesco was a military commander of the Savoy-arignano branch of the House of Savoy which reigned as kings of Sardinia from 1831-1861, and as kings of Italy from 1861 until the dynasty's deposition in 1946. He died in Turin.
Further back in the Savoie family tree is a brave woman named "Anne Marie Louise d'Orleans,(1627-1693) who was the daughter duc Gaston d'Orleans and his first wife Marie de Bourbon. She is known in history as Mademoiselle de Montpensier or Great Mademoiselle.See: de Bourbon/Clermont at the top of the page.
Alana Campbell is married to Thomas and they reside in the beautiful Pacific Northwest in Washington state. They have six children, three sons and three daughters.
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The Parliament of France outlined punishments for the Huguenots in 1560, such as the confiscation of property, imprisonment, and death, and over 1000 Huguenots were executed that same year.
In the 10 years, the French government took up arms against the Protestants at least eight different times, and thousands of them were put to death.
Catherine de Medici found the growing Huguenot influence over her son Charles, the French king, frightening; and accordingly, she instigated the plot to assassinate the Protestant leader Coligny that led to his death and the deaths of an estimated 50,000 other Huguenots in the St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre (1572). Catherine diMedici ordered Huguenot leaders (who were in Paris attending the wedding of her son) killed. The slaughter in Paris lasted over a week! It spread to various parts of France where it lasted into the autumn. The massacre delighted the Roman Catholic church and Catherine happily took credit. Henri himself survived the holocaust only because he appeared to convert to the Roman Catholic faith.
There was a power struggle concerning the authority of the mother of two young Dukes of Savoy, who ruled in their place. Tomasco Francesco challenged her authority and war broke out. Due to this Savoy dynasty upheaval, Tomasco Francesco left Turin, Italy and traveled over the Alps and headed for Vienne, France, a city in Loudun, where he was to join a group of Norman French headed for the New World where they would settle Acadia.