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Missing an ingredient? Below is a List of Emergency SUBSTITUTIONS ~for cooking and baking~ |
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I haven't personally tried all of these, so .......... you're on your own! | |
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| Allspice, 1 tsp | 1/2 tsp cinnamon and 1/2 tsp ground cloves - or - 1/2 tsp cinnamon and 1/8 tsp ground cloves |
| Apple Pie Spice, 1 tsp | 1/2 tsp cinnamon and 1/4 tsp nutmeg and 1/8 tsp cardamon - or - 4 parts cinnamon and 1 part nutmeg and 1 part ginger |
| Bacon, 1 slice .....crisp-cooked, crumbled | 1 Tbsp cooked bacon pieces |
| Baking Powder, 1 tsp |
1/2 tsp cream of tartar plus 1/3 tsp baking soda - or - 1/2 tsp cream of tartar plus 1/4 tsp baking soda - or - 1/2 tsp cream of tartar plus 1 tsp baking soda - or - 1 tsp cream of tartar plus 1/4 tsp baking soda - or - 3/8 tsp cream of tartar - or - 1/4 tsp baking soda plus 1/2 cup buttermilk, and lessen liquid in recipe by 1/2 cup - or - |
| Baking Soda | There is no substitute for baking soda! |
| Balsamic Vinegar, 1 Tbsp | 1 Tbsp cider vinegar |
| Bean Sprouts | shredded cabbage |
| Bouquet Garni | equal measures of thyme, parsley and crushed bay leaf - or - equal measures of thyme, chervil and crushed bay leaf - or - equal measures of basil, marjoram, and summer savory |
| Bread Crumbs, fine dry, 1 cup | 3/4 cup fine cracker crumbs |
| Bread Crumbs, fine dry, 1/4 cup | 3/4 cup soft bread crumbs - or - 1/4 cup finely crushed cracker crumbs or cornflake crumbs or quick-cooking oats - or - 2/3 cup rolled oats |
| Butter, 1 pound | Beat 2 cups evaporated milk SLOWLY until butter forms; pour into pan and chill. - or - Beat 1 cup buttermilk, 1/2 cup salad oil and 1 tsp salt into 1 pound of margarine. - or - 7/8 cup solid shortening plus 1/2 tsp salt - or - to add sweetness and moistness to desserts, combine vegetable oil with applesauce or bananas or sweet potatoes |
| Buttermilk | See Milk, buttermilk |
| Capers, 1 Tbsp | 1 Tbsp chopped green olives |
| Catsup | 1 cup of tomato sauce plus 1-1/4 cups brown sugar plus 2 Tbsp vinegar plus 1/4 tsp cinnamon plus pinch of ground cloves and allspice - or - 1 cup tomato sauce plus 1/2 cup sugar plus 2 Tbsp vinegar |
| Cayenne Pepper, 1/8 tsp | 4 drops hot pepper sauce |
| Chili Sauce, 1 cup | Combine: 1 cup catsup or tomato sauce, 1/4 cup brown sugar, 2 Tbsp vinegar, 1/4 tsp cinnamon, dash of ground cloves and allspice |
| Chili Seasoning | 2 parts chili powder and 1 part paprika |
| Chocolate Cooking Squares .....German sweet, 4 squares (4 ozs) | 1/4 cup unsweetened cocoa powder plus 1/3 cup sugar plus 3 Tbsp shortening |
| Chocolate Cooking Square .....semi-sweet, 1 square (1 oz) | 1 square (1 oz) unsweetened baking chocolate plus 1 Tbsp sugar |
| Chocolate Cooking Squares .....semi-sweet, 6 squares (6 ozs) | 6 ounces semi-sweet chocolate pieces - or - 6 Tbsp unsweetened cocoa powder plus 1/4 cup sugar plus 1/4 cup shortening |
| Chocolate Cooking Square .....unsweetened, 1 square (1 oz) | 3 Tbsp unsweetened cocoa powder plus 1 Tbsp shortening or cooking oil or margerine |
| Corn Syrup | 2 parts sugar to 1 part water and boil to a syrupy texture. |
| Corn Syrup, 1 cup | 1 cup sugar plus 1/4 cup liquid |
| Corn Syrup, dark, 1 cup | 3/4 cup light corn syrup plus 1/4 cup molasses, - or - 1 cup light corn syrup |
| Cornmeal, self-rising, 1 cup .....(1 pound=3 cups) | 7/8 cup plain cornmeal plus 1-1/2 Tbsp baking powder and 1/2 tsp salt |
| Cornstarch, 1 Tbsp | 2 Tbsp all-purpose flour (for thickening) |
| Cracker Crumbs, 3/4 cup | 1 cup bread crumbs |
| Cream, coffeef | 7/8 cup milk plus 3 Tbsp butter |
| Cream, half & half .....(12-16% fat), 1 cup -or for- Cream, light .....(18-20% fat), 1 cup | 7/8 cup milk plus 3 Tbsp butter or margarine (for cooking or baking only) - or - 1 cup evaporated milk, undiluted |
| Cream, heavy .....(36-40% fat), 1 cup .....(2-1/2 cups whipped) |
3/4 cup milk plus 1/3 cup butter or margarine (for use in cooking and baking only) |
| Cream, sour, 1 cup |
3/4 cup buttermilk or sour milk plus 1/3 cup melted butter (to make sour milk add 1 Tbsp lemon juice or white vinegar to 3/4 cup milk and let stand for 10 minutes) - or - 1 cup plain yogurt (in cooking, add 1 Tbsp cornstarch to prevent separating) - or - 7/8 cup sour milk plus 1/3 cup butter - or - 1 Tbls lime or lemon juice plus 1/3 cup buttermilk or sour milk plus 1 cup smooth cottage cheese and blend until smooth in blender or food processor. - or - 1-1/8 cups non-fat dry milk powder, 1/2 cup warm water, and 1 Tbsp vinegar (mixture will thicken in refrigerator in a few hours). - or - 1 cup evaporated milk at 70°F plus 1 Tbsp vinegar (allow to stand until it clabbers). - or - 3/4 cup buttermilk plus ¼ cup cooking oil - or - 1 cup cottage cheese and 2 or 3 tsp lemon juice, pureed |
| Cream, whipped (as a topping) | beat egg whites until stiff, then add 1 sliced banana per egg white; beat again until bananas are dissolved. - or - add melted marshmallows to the white of an egg and beat until stiff - or - 1 can of chilled evaporated milk plus 1 tsp lemon juice and whip until stiff. - or - Beat until stiff 1/2 cup ice-cold water and 1/2 cup nonfat dry milk, then slowly add 1/2 cup sugar while beating and add 2 Tbsp lemon juice and beat until mixed well. |
| Cream, whipping, 1 cup (for use in recipes) |
3 cups milk plus 1/3 cup melted butter - or - 1 cup cream plus 1 Tbsp softened gelatin |
| Cream Cheese | part skim milk ricotta cheese or lowfat cottage cheese, beaten until smooth |
| Cream of Tartar, 1/2 tsp | 1-1/2 tsp lemon juice or vinegar |
| Egg, 1 large |
1 egg white and 2-1/4 tsp nonfat dry milk powder and 2 tsp vegetable oil - or - 2 egg whites - or - 2 egg whites and 1 to 3 tsp vegetable oil for each yolk omitted - or - 2 egg yolks (for custard or puddings) - or - 2 egg yolks plus 1 Tbsp water (for cookies or bars) - or - 2 Tbsp mayonnaise (for cake batter) - or - In cookies and cakes only: 2 Tbsp water plus 1/2 tsp baking powder - or - In cookie and cake recipes that call for 2 or 3 eggs -- for each egg, use 2 Tbsp flour, 1/2 Tbsp shortening, 1/2 tsp baking powder, and 2 extra Tbsp of whatever liquid used in the recipe - or - 1 tsp cornstarch and 4 extra Tbsp of whatever liquid used in the recipe - or - 1/2 tsp baking powder plus 1 Tbsp vinegar plus 1 extra Tbsp of whatever liquid used in the recipe - or - 2 Tbsp cooking oil plus 1 Tbsp water |
| Flour, 1 Tbsp (as thickener) | 1/2 Tbsp potato flour - or - 1-1/2 tsp cornstarch or arrowroot - or - 1/2 Tbsp cornstarch or potato starch or rice starch or arrowroot starch - or - 1 Tbsp quick-cooking tapioca |
| Flour, all-purpose, sifted, 1 cup (1 pound=4 cups sifted or 3-1/3 cups unsifted) | 1 cup minus 2 Tbsp unsifted all-purpose flour - or - 1 cup plus 2 Tbsp cake flour |
| Flour, cake, sifted, 1 cup (1 pound=4-3/4 cups) | 1 cup minus 2 Tbsp sifted all-purpose flour (7/8 cup) |
| Flour, self-rising | all-purpose flour plus 1½ tsp baking powder and ½ tsp of salt per cup of flour |
| Flour, self-rising, sifted, 1 cup | 1 cup sifted all-purpose flour plus 1-1/2 Tbsp baking powder plus 1/2 Tbsp salt |
| Flour, self-rising, unsifted, 1 cup | 1 cup all-purpose flour plus 1 tsp baking powder plus 1/2 tsp salt plus 1/4 tsp baking soda |
| Flour, whole wheat, 1 cup (1 pound=3-3/4 cup) | 1 cup all-purpose flour |
| Garlic, 1 small clove | 1/8 tsp garlic powder |
| Half-and-Half | See Cream, half and half |
| Herbs, fresh, 1 Tbsp | 1 tsp dried herbs |
| Honey, 1 cup | 1-1/4 cups sugar plus 1/4 cup liquid |
| Ketchup | See Catsup |
| Leeks, sliced (1/2 cup) | 1/2 cup sliced shallots or green onions |
| Lemon Juice, 1 tsp | 1/2 tsp white vinegar |
| Mayonnaise, 1 cup (for use in salads and salad dressings) | 1 cup sour cream - or - 1 cup yogurt - or - 1 cup cottage cheese, pureed |
| Milk, buttermilk or sour milk | Take 1 Tbsp vinegar or lemon juice, place in a measuring cup and fill with enough milk to make one cup, do not stir, and let stand for five minutes before using. - or - 1-3/4 tsp cream of tartar plus 1 cup sweet milk - or - 1 cup plain yogurt |
| Milk, sweetened condensed | 1 cup plus 2 Tbsp dry milk plus 1/2 cup warm water; mix well, add 3/4 cup sugar and 3 Tbsp melted butter or margarine; stir until smooth - or - 1/3 cup plus 2 T evaporated milk and 1 cup sugar and 3 Tbsp melted butter or margarine; heat and stir until sugar and butter dissolve. |
| Milk, whole, 1 cup | 1/2 cup evaporated milk plus 1/2 cup water - or - same as above plus add 1 Tbsp butter or margerine - or - 1 cup nonfat milk plus 2 Tbsp melted butter |
| Molasses, 1 cup | 1 cup honey - or - 3/4 cup brown or white sugar plus 1/4 cup more of liquid used in recipe - or - 3/4 cup sugar plus 2 tsp baking powder and increase liquid called for in recipe by 5 Tbsp, plus decrease baking soda by 1/2 tsp - or - 3/4 cup sugar and 1-1/4 tsp cream of tartar, plus increase liquid called for in recipe by 5 Tbsp |
| Mushrooms, fresh, 1 pound | 6 ounces canned mushrooms |
| Mustard, dry, 1 tsp | 2-1/2 tsp prepared mustard |
| Nuts, chopped, 1/2 cup | 1/2 cup crushed corn flakes plus 1/4 tsp almond extract |
| Oregano, 1 tsp | 1 tsp marjoram |
| Pasta, (substituting one for another) 4 cups COOKED | 8 ounces of UNCOOKED angel hair, bow ties, elbow macaroni, fettuccine, linguine, medium shells, mostaccioli, penne, radiatore, rigatoni, rotini, spaghetti, spirals, twists, vermicelli or wagon wheels, all produce about 4 cups COOKED pasta. 8 oz egg noodles UNCOOKED equals 2-1/2 cups COOKED - or - About 2 cups egg noodles UNCOOKED equals 1 cup COOKED |
| Pimiento, 2 Tbsp Note: When "pimiento" peppers are added to processed cheese, the cheese is called "pimento" cheese. Pimiento is sometimes called Spanish Paprika. Allspice is made from parts of the pimiento tree and is sometimes called "pimento." | 1 Tbsp dried red bell peppers, rehydrated - or - 3 Tbsp fresh red bell pepper, chopped |
| Poultry Seasoning | equal parts of sage, thyme, oregano and marjoram. |
| Poultry Seasoning, 1 tsp | 1/4 tsp ground thyme plus 3/4 tsp ground sage |
| Pumpkin Pie Spice | 4 parts cinnamon and 2 parts ginger and 1 part nutmeg 1 part allspice and a dash of cloves |
| Pumpkin Pie Spice, 1 tsp | 1/2 tsp cinnamon, 1/4 tsp ginger and 1/8 tsp each of nutmeg and ground cloves |
| Red Pepper Sauce, 3 or 4 drops | 1/8 tsp cayenne pepper |
| Seasoned Salt | 1 cup salt, 2-1/4 tsp paprika, 2 tsp dry mustard, 1 tsp dried oregano, 1 tsp garlic powder, and 1/2 tsp onion powder. |
| Sesame Seeds, 1 Tbsp | 1 Tbsp finely chopped blanched almonds |
| Shrimp, fresh, 1 cup cleaned | 3/4 pound raw in shell, cleaned and cooked - or- 7-oz package frozen peeled shrimp, cooked - or- 4-1/2 oz or 5 oz can of shrimp |
| Sour Cream | See Cream, sour |
| Sour Milk | See Milk, buttermilk or sour milk |
| Sugar, brown, 1 cup firmly packed (1 pound=2-1/2 cups) | 1 cup granulated sugar - or - 4 Tbsp molasses in 1 cup granulated sugar |
| Sugar, brown-light, 1 cup | 1/2 cup dark brown sugar plus 1/2 cup granulated sugar |
| Sugar, granulated, 1 cup (1 pound = 2-1/4 cups) | 3/4 cup honey and decrease liquid in recipe by 1/4 cup per cup in baked goods, and add 1/2 tsp baking soda - or - 1 cup corn syrup and decrease liquid in recipe by 1/4 cup - or - 1 cup molasses and decrease liquid in recipe by 1/4 cup - or - 1 cup firmly packed brown sugar - or - 2 cups sifted powdered sugar |
| Sugar, powdered, 1 cup | 1 cup granulated sugar and 1 tsp cornstarch whirred in blender until powdered |
| Tapioca, 2 tsp | 1 Tbls flour |
| Tartar Sauce, 1/2 cup | 6 Tbls mayonnaise or salad dressing plus 2 Tbls pickle relish |
| Teriyaki Sauce, 1/4 cup | 3 Tbsp soy sauce plus 1 Tbsp sherry - or - 3 Tbsp soy sauce plus 2 Tbsp orange juice or pineapple juice |
| Tomato Juice, 1 cup | 1/2 cup tomato sauce and 1/2 cup water |
| Tomato Sauce, 2 cups | 3/4 cup tomato paste plus 1 cup water |
| Tomato Soup, 10-3/4 oz can | for cooking purposes only, 1 cup tomato sauce plus 1/4 cup water |
| Tomatoes, canned, 1 cup | 1-1/3 cups chopped fresh tomato simmered for 10 minutes |
| Vinegar | lemon juice |
| Vinegar, balsamic, 1 Tbsp | 1 Tbsp cider vinegar |
| Whipped Cream | See Cream, whipped |
| Whipping Cream, 1 cup | See Cream, whipping |
| Yeast, compressed cake, 1.06 oz. | 1/4-ounce envelope - or - 2-1/4 tsp active dry yeast |
| Yogurt, plain 1 cup | 1 cup buttermilk - or- 1 cup cottage cheese, pureed - or- 1 cup sour cream |
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Bobbie Sue from graphics of unknown sources. |
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