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Can you Take it?
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1) Introduction 2) Canadian Jewish Immigration 3) Canadian Policies 4) Conclusion Introduction Any decision to immigrate is a decision composed of a thousand parts. Even under
the most pressurized circumstances, it is not always clear that it really is better to
begin again, far from home rather than to make the best of what is close and familiar. Immigration is filled with so many “ifs.” If, on balance, the decision is made to leave, then the question becomes where to go. Assuming there are options, then why go to Canada rather than Argentina or Mexico or Australia or even the United States. Once the choice is made, for many would-be immigrants, there is still the problem of finding enough money to pay all of the many costs associated with immigration. And during the past hundred years or more, few immigrants were so independent of means that they would not have borrowed money or rely on resources and good will of family and friends. If the money was borrowed, that required collateral, a guarantor, and a repayment schedule. Relying on often financially strapped family or friends could encumber the new immigrant, not just with a burden of debt, but a burden of guilt. If money and tickets were sent by family already in Canada, was it an act of selfless generosity or were their strings attached? With a ticket in hand, there were still other difficult decision to be made. Packing is also very difficult. What should be taken? What should be left behind? Worse was that people had to be left behind. Whatever an immigrant’s reason for leaving home, and there are many, saying good-bye would be invariably filled with regret and trepidation, regret for the loss of the familiar, the precious, and the beloved and the trepidation at the unknown that would lie ahead. Immigration was also an act of courage and hope. There is enormous courage setting off on a journey toward unfamiliar and distant land and there was hope that an immigrant’s life chances in a new land would be better than the old. Although many immigrants found new beginnings in the United States, other found their America in Argentina or elsewhere, in Latin America, in Australia, South Africa, and also Canada. Canadian Jewish ImmigrationIn the early 1840s, there were only about two hundred Jews living In Canada. Most of them were living in Montreal, and had their own business. A small amount found their way to Toronto. Compared to the United States, the Jewish population in Canada grew slowly. The political uproar in Germany in the 1840s caused tens of thousands of Jews to immigrate to America in search of opportunities.
In the late 1850s when the gold strike had been found, it set off a rush of Jews hoping to find their fortune. A small number of Jews went to British Columbia not to pan for Gold, but to benefit from the businesses there. Victoria then became the
second
largest Jewish community in British North America, after Montreal. During the post-war of World War 2 (the Holocaust, etc), the Canadian Jewish Community allowed to permit one thousand Jewish orphan children (survivors of the Holocaust), into Canada, to be placed in Canadian Jewish families. In 1947, the Prime Minister Mackenzie King spoke for most Canadians when he said the people of Canada do not want to change their lives because of the mass immigration.
allowed about 37,000 Hungarian refugees (many were Holocaust survivors), who most looked to serve and work for the Government. A large number of Hungarians went to Toronto, thousands of Arabic or French-speaking Sephardic Jews (many of them who came to Canada after the collapse of the French Domination in North America, pre-dominated Montreal.) In 1971, for the first time in Canadian History, a large number of all immigrants entering Canada were non-European.
1950s, Czechoslovakia in the 1960s, Chile, Uganda and Vietnam in the 1970s, and former Yugoslavians in this decade. Canada has accepted about 700,000 immigrants since World War 2. In 1997, Canada accepted over 7,700 government-sponsored and 2,600 privately sponsored refugees.
In the past 70 years, Canada and Canadian Jewish communities have seen more and more Jews come from around the world. During the Vietnam war, the ranks of American draft resistors who have found their life belonging in Canada included Jews. During the 1960s, immigration was counted for about in the make up of immigrants, with nonwhite immigration only about 14 percent. Immigration records say, that between 1965 and 1970, the Philippines and Italy replaced Canada and Britain as the two main sources of immigrants. Filipino and Italian immigrants had about 25,000 each in 1970, while Canada and Britain with 2,500 and 10,000 in 1995. Canadian immigrants went from 40,000 to 12,000, and British immigrants from 30,000 to 14,000. In 1970, the next largest dependants (15,000 to 16,000 each) were from Greece, China, and
Jamaica, countries that had given only 2,000 to 3,000
immigrants in 1965 People entering Canada reflect the laying out of the world’s population. In the 1980s, 47 percent from the 1.3 million immigrants came from Asian countries, 26 from Europe, 12 from South America or the Caribbean, 9 from North and Central America, and 6 from Africa. The top ten source countries in 1995 were Hong Kong, India, the Philippines, China, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, England, the United States, and Pakistan. Immigration from Hong Kong was the most dominant during the 1990s, accounting for 15 to 20 percent of all immigrants to Canada.
Ottawa is required to talk to the provinces each year on the Canadian immigration policy. Ottawa also sets an annual target for immigration from other countries, even though it was common in recent years to plan in five-year stages. In late 1980s and early 1990s, goals were set at 250,000, or about 1 percent of the Canadian population per year. These were lowered to 210,000, after the 1990s. Even though that was just an addition of 0.7 percent to the population per year, compared with 0.3 percent in the United States.
provincial and municipal governments and a wide selection of nongovernmental companies.) A lot of the financial funding for those programs came from the government. The services included the temporary living spaces, language classes, and employment counseling. In 1996, Ottawa passed the bill of a landing fee of $975, on
each adult immigrant, to help pay the cost of the immigration program.
The majority of immigrants settled in cities, which altered the races of Toronto, Montréal, and Vancouver. Each of the cities has a different immigrant profile: people arriving from French-speaking countries were most likely to settle in Montréal instead
of other cities
because of the distance.
Because of the requests by different cultural groups, the government established a multi-race policy in 1971 that sees the changing the population. The policy was created to acknowledge the contribution of all groups that make up Canada and to signal that there was no official culture into which everyone is expected to assimilate. In 1972 a new position was added to the federal cabinet: the minister of state for multiculturalism. The federal Human Rights Act, passed in 1977, made an argument on the base of race, nationality, or ethnic origin. In 1982, the rights were included in the new constitution, and in 1986, a
program was created.
Not all immigrants came to Canada from Europe. Blacks came from Africa as slaves in the 18th and 19th centuries to work. When the slavery period ended in Canada, blacks came here to escape from the slavery in the U.S. Asians also immigrated to Canada. A lot of them were Chinese and Japanese. After both World Wars, people came as refugees from Europe. More immigrants came to Canada from Africa, the Caribbean, Asia and the Pacific Rim.
around the world. People from more than 200 different countries came to Canada. Most were Asians, Africans, South Americans, and Central Americans. One of every 4 people in Canada came from a different background other than English or French. Everyone we know has a different background, such as German, Hungarian, Italian, or Polish. When it comes down to the very last bit, almost every person we know in our community, can be originated from a family tree, of someone who immigrated to Canada from a different Country, no matter where they were from. No matter what, they are still Canadians.
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