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Ba
Be
Bi
Bl
Bo
Br
Bu
Ball
Joint The
ball joint is a part of the front
suspension
holding the front wheels assembly.
(usually
there are one or two ball joints at each front wheel). When it
wears out you may hear some knocking sounds coming from the front
end, particularly while driving over bumps or making sharp turns. If
this is the case, your vehicle could be unsafe. Have it inspected
because the ball joint, when badly worn, may disjoint causing the
vehicle to lose control unexpectedly.
Band Bands
are like a metal belt which is in the shape of a circle where the
two ends are close, but do not meet. They wrap around parts inside
the transmission called "drums." The drums house the gears
and clutches and freewheel until a certain gear needs to be applied.
When first gear needs to be applied, the drum for first gear is
locked up by the application of the band. By locking up the drum, the
gears now drive the wheels rather than freewheel inside the drum.
Battery
The battery is the vehicle's initial source of energy used to
start the engine.
The battery is then taken over the alternator
to supply the car's electrical needs and to restore energy to the battery.
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A
12-volt storage battery consists of layers of positively and
negatively charged lead plates that, together with their insulated
separators, make up each of six two-volt cells. The fluid in the
cells are electricity-conducting liquid (electrolyte) that is usually
two-thirds distilled |
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water
and one-third sulfuric acid. Spaces between the immersed plates
provide the most exposure to the electrolyte. The interaction of the
plates and the electrolyte produces chemical energy that becomes
electricity when a circuit is formed between the negative and
positive battery terminals.
Battery
Acid An electrolyte used in a battery; a mixture of water
(H2O) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4).
Battery
Cables These are used to connect the battery
to the rest of the starting and charging circuits. The battery cables
must be of sufficient size to carry such heavy current as a starting
motor will draw about 200 amps of current. The cables are prone to
corroding as they are close to the battery and therefore it is
important that the cables make good electrical contact with the cable
clamps. Similarly, clamps must make good electrical contact with the
battery posts. Any looseness or corrosion could result in high
resistance and consequent voltage drop.
Also
see Jumper
Cables
Battery
Capacity The energy output of a battery measured in amp/hours.
Battery
Cell That part of a battery made from two dissimilar
metals and an acid solution. A cell stores chemical energy for use
later as electrical energy.
Battery
Charge The restoration of chemical energy to a battery by
supplying a measured flow of electrical current to it for a specified time.
Battery
Charger An electrical device that is used for restoring a
battery to its original state of charge by passing a current through
the battery in a direction opposite of the discharge current flow.
Battery
Efficiency A battery's ability to vary the current it delivers
within a wide range, depending on the temperature and the rate of discharge.
Battery
Terminals The points which connect the wires are called the
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battery
points. The "post" type terminals are being phased out by
the "side-mount" type of terminals which use a bolt to
screw into the side of the battery
and clamp on the battery wire. The vapors from battery acid causes corrosion |
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to
form on the lead surfaces, which makes it necessary to clean these
periodically. Be sure to wash your hands thoroughly as the corrosion
on the terminals is acidic!
BELT
DRIVE A system where the final drive from gearbox to
wheels is by leather or rubber belts that are contained on pulleys.
Today many of the engine-driven auxiliaries use belt drives.
Big
Block A large-size V8 engine block, as designated by
the automaker. For example, most Ford big-blocks feature a
displacement of 429 or 460 cubic inches in stock form. Ford's
FE-style big-blocks displace from 252 to 428 cubic inches. Chevrolet
big-blocks displace 396 to 502 cubic inches. Chrysler Wedge
big-blocks displace 383 to 440 cubic inches. And most Chrysler Hemis
displace 426 cubic inches.
Bleed
Nipple see bleed
screw
Bleed
Screw A valve on a brake wheel cylinder, caliper
or other hydraulic component that is opened to purge the hydraulic
system of air.
Block
That
part of the engine containing the cylinders.
502
ci / 502 Long Block Base Engine
See
Cylinder Block
Bottle
Jack
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A
hydraulic lifting device which is in the shape of a bottle
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Brake
To slow down a vehicle. Also see Brakes
Brake
bleeding Procedure for removing air from lines of a hydraulic
brake system.
Brake
Booster A mechanical device which attaches to the brake
system to multiply the force the driver applies with his foot (or
hand as in the case of a motorcycle). The device uses air, vacuum, or
hydraulic fluid to accomplish this purpose. Sometimes called
"power assisted brakes," "vacuum assisted brakes,"
"hydraulically assisted brakes," or just "power
brakes." In most cars, the boost comes from engine intake
vacuum. In motorcycles it comes from hydraulic fluid. See hydraulic
brake booster and vacuum brake booster
Brake
disc The component of a disc
brake that
rotates with the wheels.
Brake
drum The component of a drum
brake that
rotates with the wheels.
Brake
Fluid Brake fluid is a special liquid used in hydraulic
brake systems. It should be impervious to heat, freezing, thickening,
and bubbling. There are different types of brake fluids made for
different types of systems. These should never mixed. Be sure of what
you use in the master cylinder reservouir, because, if the brake
fluid gets contaminated, you'd have to change all of the piston seals
and hoses. It should be noted that brake fluid is highly corrosive to
paint, and care should be used not to get it on your car's finish.
Brake
linings The friction material which contacts the brake disc or
drum to retard the vehicle's speed. The linings are bonded or riveted
to the brake pads or shoes.
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Brake
pads The replaceable friction pads that pinch the brake disc
when the brakes are applied. Brake pads consist of a friction
material bonded or riveted to a rigid backing plate. |
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Brake
Pedal The brake pedal is located on the left side of the accelerator
pedal and it
slows down or stops the vehicle. The brake
shoes and
friction pads are forced into contact with the brake drums and rotors
to slow the rotation of the wheels. The friction between the tires
and the road surface then slows the speed of the vehicle. The pedal
is solidly mounted to the firewall, and works as a force-multiplying
lever. If the power assist fails, the pedal's leverage allows you to
generate pounds of pressure at each wheel cylinder. A brake pedal
should not sink more than an inch or two, no matter how hard it is
pressed with the foot. Warning: Any change in this is a cause for
serious concern.
Brakes The
mechanism that converts motion (kinetic energy) into heat energy
through friction. The most common instance is found in the wheels of
cars where the brake
shoes or disc
pads are
designed to press against the brake
drum or brake
disc.
See
Also
Brake
shoe The crescent-shaped carrier to which the brake linings are
mounted and which forces the lining against the rotating drum during braking.
Bulkhead
The insulated partition between the engine and the passenger compartment.
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Bumper
Jack A
device for lifting one corner of a vehicle to change a tire. Older
cars used a long bar which fitted into a base. A device on the long
bar had a hook which was placed in a strategic place on the vehicle.
A lug
wrench was
inserted into the other end of the device and used to move the device
up the long bar thus lifting the vehicle. |
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