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Le
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Leaf
Springs A length of flat spring steel plates bent in an
arch usually with curled ends to allow mounting to the frame. Two
holes are drilled in the center to mount a u-bolt shackle which
surrounds the axle. Some |
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applications
need only one leaf spring; but most have several leaves, each
smaller than the other, nested together. Only the longest one is
mounted to the frame. The ends are attached to the chassis, and the
middle is fixed to the axle.
Also
called semi-elliptic springs.
Lean
[1]
A weak air/fuel mixture that has less fuel to air ratio. The
opposite is rich.
[2]
A lateral movement where one side lists more than the other.
Lean Air
Fuel Mixture (Lean air-fuel mixture) A mixture of air and
fuel in which there is more air and less fuel. See air-fuel ratio.
Lifter
Body The valve lifter body houses the valve lifter
mechanism. The valve lifter is the unit that makes contact with the
valve stem and the camshaft. It rides on the camshaft. When the cam
lobes push it upwards, it opens the valve.
Lift
Kit A kit designed to increase the space between a
vehicle's suspension and its frame, or between its body and its
frame. A lift kit makes it possible to fit larger wheels and tires
under the vehicle, for increased ground clearance and suspension
travel. A lift kit might include blocks, add-a-leafs, new leaf
springs, coil spring spacers, lifted spindles, replacement control
arms and special brackets to mount suspension components lower on a frame.
Lighting
Circuit The automobile lighting circuit includes the wiring
harness, all the lights, and the various switches that control their
use. The complete circuit of the modern passenger car can be broken
down into individual circuits, each having one or more lights and
switches. In each separate circuit, the lights are connected in
parallel, and the controlling switch is in series between the group
of lights and the fuse box. The parking lights, are connected in
parallel and controlled by a single switch. In some installations,
one switch controls the connection to the fuse box, while a selector
switch determines which of two circuits is energized. The headlights,
with their upper and lower beams, are an example of this type of
switch. Again, in some cases, such as the courtesy lights, several
switches may be connected in parallel so that any switch may be used
to turn on the lights.
Limited
Slip Differential
A differential that uses cone or disc clutches to lock the two
separate axle shafts. This forces both driving wheels to transmit the
same drive torque regardless of the traction available. It still
allows differential action under normal driving conditions but
improves traction in mud and snow.
Limiting
Coil and Operating Coil
The
limiting coil passes the current from the battery to the common
connection of two coils at the lower terminal on the dash unit. This
current may pass from either the operating coil of the dash unit and
the other over to the tank sending unit. When the fuel tank is low or
empty, the sliding brush cuts out all resistance in the tank unit.
Then the current will passes through the tank unit circuit because of
the low resistance, and only a small portion will pass through the
operating coil to the dash unit. This coil is not magnetized enough
to move the dash unit pointer, which is then held at the
"Empty" position by the limiting coil.
When
the tank is full or partly full, the float of the tank unit will
rise to the surface of the fuel and move the sliding brush over the
rheostat, putting resistance in the tank unit circuit. This results
in more current will then passing through the operating coil to give
a magnetic pull on the pointer, which overcomes some of the pull of
the limiting coil. When the tank is full, the tank unit circuit
contains the maximum resistance to the flow of the current. The
operating coil will then receive its maximum current and exert pull
of the pointer to give a "Full" reading. As the tank
empties, the operating coil loses some of its magnetic pull and the
limiting coil will still have about the same pull so that the pointer
is pulled toward the lower reading.
Linkage
Any
series of rods, yokes, levers, bars or links used to transmit motion
from one unit to another.
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center
steering linkage
gearchange
linkage
parallelogram
steering linkage
progressive
linkage |
shifter
linkage
shift
linkage
steering
linkage
watt
linkage |
progressive
linkage
shift
linkage
steering
linkage
watt
linkage |
Linkage
Power Steering:
A
linkage-type, power-assisted steering system in which a conventional
manual system is assisted by hydraulic or pneumatic effort applied
directly to a steering linkage such as a relay lever or track rod
Live Axle
An axle that transmits power either by separate half shafts or by
side chains, as opposed to a dead axle.
Load
Sensing Proportioning Valve (LSPV) A brake hydraulic
system control valve that works like a proportioning valve, but also
takes into consideration the amount of weight carried by the rear axle.
Locknut
A nut used to lock an adjustment nut, or other threaded component,
in place. For example, a locknut is employed to keep the adjusting
nut on the rocker arm in position.
Lockwasher
A form of washer designed to prevent an attaching nut from working loose.
Louver
A slatted air intake or air outlet. Slats used to capture and
control the air flow.
Low-Profile
Tire A tire with a short sidewall. Tires with an aspect
ratio of 55 or lower are considered low profile. This type of tire
improves handling, but also produces a noticeable increase in ride
firmness and tire noise. Many people also swap to low-profile tires
because they look sportier, since they commonly are found on sports
cars and exotics.
LPH
Abbreviation
for liters per hour. A measurement commonly used to indicate the
flow rate of a fuel pump. See also gph.
Engines that have been modified to produce more horsepower may
require a higher-flow fuel pump, as well as an adjustable fuel
pressure regulator.
Lug
Lugnut
Lug
Nut One of several nuts which hold the wheel and tire
assembly on the car and are screwed on the studs. The inner face of
the lug nut is a tapered (conical) nut to help center the wheel. On
modern wheels for passenger cars, lug nuts and corresponding studs
are less frequently used than bolts. On commercial vehicles, however,
lug nuts are very common. A lug
wrench is
necessary to remove the nuts.
Lug
Wrench
Lugnut
Wrench
Lug
Nut Wrench
A
wrench used to remove the lug
nuts which
secure the wheels to the vehicle. Some are L-shaped while others are
X-shaped. They are usually found in the trunk of the car with the tire
jack.
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